評估、設計城市物流運輸系統(tǒng)模型【外文翻譯】

1、外文翻譯原文ModelsfEvaluatingPlanningCityLogisticsTransptationSystemsMaterialsSource:CIRRELT200765Auth:TeodGabrielCrainicetc.IntroductionThetransptationofgoodsconstitutesamajenablingfactfmosteconomicsocialactivitiestakingplace

2、inurbanareas.Fthecityinhabitantsitsuppliesstesplacesofwkleisuredeliversgoodsathomeprovidesthemeanstogetridofrefusesoon.Ffirmsestablishedwithincitylimitsitfmsavitallinkwithsupplierscustomers.Indeedtherearefewactivitiesgoi

3、ngoninacitythatdonotrequireatleastsomecommoditiesbeingmoved.Yetfreighttransptationisalsoamajdisturbingfacttourbanlife.Freightvehiclescompetewithprivatepublicvehiclestransptingpeoplefthecapacityofthestreetsarteriesoftheci

4、tycontributesignificantlytocongestionenvironmentalnuisancessuchasemissionsnoise.InmajFrenchcitiesfexampleithasbeenfoundthatfreightvehiclesconsumeonaverage30%ofthecitystreetcapacitytwothirdrepresentingparkingfdeliverypick

5、upoperations.OnaveragefthirteenAmericancitiesfreighttransptationrepresentssome10%ofthetotalvehiclekmtravelledwithinthecitiesthesamemeasurefthethreelargersFrenchcitiesvariesfrom13%to20%.Figuresareequallytellingregardingem

6、issions.AnOECDreptassignsfexample43%ofsulphuroxides(SOx)61%ofparticulatematter(PM)emissionsinLondonUKtofreighttransptationwhilefnitrogenoxides(NO)emissionsthefiguresare28%fLondon50%fPrague77%fTokyo.Thesenuisancesimpactth

7、elifeofallpeoplelivingwkingincitiesaswellastheproductivityofthefirmslocatedinurbanzonesofsupplychainsinvolvingthesefirms.Meovertheamplitudeoffreighttrafficalsocontributestothebeliefthat“citiesarenotsafe”thatpushesnumerou

8、scitizenstomoveoutofthecitylimits.theproblemisnotgoingtodisappearanytimesoon.Infactthenumberoffreightvehiclesmovingwithincitylimitswhichisalreadyimptantisgrowingisexpectedtocontinuetogrowatafastrate.Majcontributingfactsa

9、rethecurrentproductiondistributionpracticesbasedonlowinventiestimelydeliveriestheexplosivegrowthofbusinesstocustomerbothachallengeanopptunityintermsofmethodologicaldevelopmentsactualsocialimpact.Yetcurrentlythereareveryf

10、ewmodelsthataddressCityLogisticsissues.ConceptsareproposedpilotstudiesareundertakenyetthecrespondingOperationsResearchTransptationScienceliteraturerelatedtothedesignevaluationplanningmanagementcontrolofsuchsystemsisverys

11、carce.Thispaperaimstocontributetoclosethisgap.WefocusononeofthemostchallengingissuesinplanningCityLogisticssystemstheintegratedshttermschedulingofoperationsmanagementofresources.Wepresentthedevelopmentsfthegeneralcaseoft

12、wotierCityLogisticssystemswheresatelliteplatfmsareusedtotransshiploadsfromvehiclesarrivingfromtheCDCstosmallercentercityfriendlyvehicles.Theproblemaddressestheionroutestheschedulingofdeparturesfthevehiclesofthetwofleetsi

13、nvolvedaswellastheionofthedeliveryroutesfcustomerdemsfromtheCDCsthroughsatellitestothefinalcustomer.Strictcodinationtimesynchronizationoftheoperationsofthetwofleetsarecentralelementsoftheproblemthefmulationsproposed.This

14、yieldswhatappearstobeanewproblemclasswhichwedenotethetwoechelonsynchronizedscheduledmultidepotmultipletourheterogeneousvehicleroutingproblemwithtimewindowsproblem.Ourobjectivesaretoinvestigatetheissueschallengesrelatedto

15、thisproblemproposeageneralmethodologytoaddressthem.Themethodologytargetstwoimptantutilizationmodes.Ontheonehtheactualplanningofresourceutilizationoperationsfthenextactivityperiod.Ontheotherhtheevaluationofproposedsystemd

16、esigns.InthelattermodetheresultsofthemodelappliedtovariousscenariosofsystemdesignlayoutoperationpolicieswouldyieldinfmationneededtocomputeperfmancemeasuresfthecontemplatedCityLogisticssystemfecastitsimpactonthecityconsid

17、ered.Thisisfundamentallyamodelingpaper.Weaimtopresentacomprehensiveviewofthetopicidentifyissueschallengesproposeanalyzemodelingapproaches.Wearealsoidentifyingpromisingsolutionavenuesbutdetailedalgithmicdevelopmentsarebey

18、ondthescopeofthepresentwk.Thecontributionofthispaperisthreefold.Itidentifiesanalyzesasetofemergingissuesthatarebothmethodologicallychallengingtimely.Itproposesageneralapproachtowhatappearstobeanewproblemfmulationsfitsmai