中醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作-上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)精品課程網(wǎng)

1、2024/2/28,1,中醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)論文寫作,蘭鳳利 上海中醫(yī)藥大學(xué),2024/2/28,2,中醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)論文英文寫作,1 寫作目的2 論文結(jié)構(gòu)3 寫作要求4 寫作方法,2024/2/28,3,1. 寫作目的,發(fā)表在國際知名學(xué)術(shù)期刊，如SCI收錄期刊。與中醫(yī)藥有關(guān)的SCI期刊（按2005年收錄分析）（IF/2004年）：(1) Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

2、0;  （1.401）  (2) Complementary Therapies in Medicine   (1.317) (3) Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine     (0.971 )(4) American Journal of Chinese Medicine &#

3、160;   (0.593 )(5) Acupuncture & Electro-Therapeutics Research （0.341）,2024/2/28,4,2 論文結(jié)構(gòu) (structure/format),2.1 扉頁 (title page)2.2 正文 (main body)2.3 附錄 (appendix),2024/2/28,5,2.1 Title Page 扉頁 (TAA),Tit

4、leAuthor’s full name and professional addressAbstract or Summary [Objective, Method, Results, Conclusion]Key words(Supported/funded/granted/sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation (標(biāo)書號(hào)、合同號(hào)等）//A project

5、funded by the National “863” Program),2024/2/28,6,2.2 Main Body 正文(IMRaD),IntroductionMaterials and methodsResults (and)Discussion(Conclusion),2024/2/28,7,2.3 Appendix 附錄,Acknowledgement References,2024/2/28,8,3 寫作要

6、求 (Requirements),The Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals (URMSBJ, 5th Ed., 1997) formulated by The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE):,2024/2/28,9,3.1 Introductio

7、n 引言,The purpose of an introduction is to bring the reader into the general area of your study and then state the specific area of study (move from the general to the specific). The introduction shows the scope of your i

8、nvestigation efforts.,2024/2/28,10,Introduction<200 words,背景——Statement of general area or history of problem意義——Statement of importance or need進(jìn)展——Statement of previous findings, reports or studies (citations)目的——

9、Statement of purpose of current study范圍——Statement of specific area of problem to be studied,2024/2/28,11,3.2 Materials and Methods 材料與方法,Readers must be able to reproduce your results, evaluate the validity of your res

10、ults and the soundness of your methods, and follow the logic in the paper.,2024/2/28,12,Materials and Methods,簡要說明研究設(shè)計(jì)（Study design）詳細(xì)說明研究對象：Patients, Subjects, healthy volunteers, animals (sex, age, species, breed, phy

11、siological state, etc.)隨機(jī)分組方法和選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（Methods of any random assignment of subjects to groups and criteria for admission to study groups）藥物（Drug）,激素（hormone）,試劑（reagent）, 其它化學(xué)品（other chemicals）, 商標(biāo)（trademark）,生產(chǎn)廠家（manufact

12、urer）及所在地（location）簡要說明測定方法（Method of measurement）簡要說明統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法（Method of statistical analysis）,2024/2/28,13,Materials and Methods,Approval from “Institutional Review Board” (“informed consent” from patients and explanati

13、on on “Animal Welfare Act”) Randomized Controlled Trial, RCT: JAMA 1996; 276: 637-639 或 www. consort-statement. org/statement. HtmPast tense,2024/2/28,14,3.3 Results 結(jié)果,This section tells the reader what happened in y

14、our work. Remember: let your results speak for themselves and don’t embellish (leave that for Discussion section),2024/2/28,15,Results,Overview of the resultsStatistical significanceStatistical support, such as figures

15、, tables, pictures, etc.,2024/2/28,16,Results,In chronological orderIntegrated, clear, pithy, correlated, and logicalPast tense(present tense: truth or well-known fact, e.g. Erectile dysfunction is common in men with

16、diabetes.)Significant/significance:,2024/2/28,17,Points for attention: Such expressions as “The results tended to be greater than…”, “…showed no promising trends”, “It could/might be inhibited by…” should be avoided.,20

17、24/2/28,18,3.4 Discussion 討論,The author should tell the reader what the results mean by placing them in the context of previous published studies of the problem.,2024/2/28,19,Discussion,簡要說明研究背景 (Background)簡要介紹總的發(fā)現(xiàn) (Ge

18、neral findings)介紹具體要點(diǎn) (Introduction of points)與先有發(fā)現(xiàn) (若有) 進(jìn)行比較 (Comparison in the context of other studies)意義(Suggested meaning)結(jié)論 (Conclusion): We conclude that…前瞻研究 (Future studies),2024/2/28,20,Discussion,Tense分清

19、實(shí)驗(yàn)過程和結(jié)果（past tense）與分析意見（present tense）；他人研究結(jié)果（past tense或present perfect）與本研究結(jié)果（past tense）；普遍適用的結(jié)論（present tense）與只適用本研究的結(jié)論（past tense）；,2024/2/28,21,Discussion,The Use of Parenthesis: however, we believe/think/consi

20、der, to our knowledge, in our experience (practice)避免含糊的傾向：These results seem to suggest that oral sildenafil could be useful in some selected populations and certain conditions.,2024/2/28,22,3.5 Acknowledgement 致謝,Alwa

21、ys get the person’s approval of your intention to mention him in the acknowledgement and of the form in which you will present the acknowledgement.,2024/2/28,23,Acknowledgement,This study was supported by Medical Researc

22、h Funds from State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Dr. Wang was supported by a National Research Council Associate-ship. We thank Li Yunlong for his assistance with technical aspects of this study.We

23、are grateful to Mei Mei for assistance in preparing the manuscript.,2024/2/28,24,3.6 References 參考文獻(xiàn),Reference styles should be specific to each journal. [[References: Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to B

24、iomedical Journals [www.acponline.org/journals/resource/unifrqr.htm]E.g.,2024/2/28,25,Vega KJ, Pina I, Krevesky B. Heart transplantation is associated with an increased risk for pancreatobiliary disease. Ann Intern Med

25、1996 Jun 1; 124 (11): 980-3. (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)雜志文章)Ringsven MK, Bond D. Gerontology and leadership skills for nurse. 2nd ed. Albany (NY): Delmar publisher; 1996. (作者為個(gè)人的書或?qū)Ｖ? Norman IJ, Redfern SJ, editors. Mental health care for el

26、derly people. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1996. (有主編的書或?qū)Ｖ?,2024/2/28,26,References 參考文獻(xiàn),在排印中（In Press/Forthcoming）, e.g.Leshner Al. Molecular mechanisms of cocaine addiction. N Engl J Med. In Press 1996.個(gè)人交流（perso

27、nal communication），盡量避免使用（ICMJE），如確需使用，可采用以下形式：In a letter received from Robert J Glynn, MD. in January 2005, he stated that …In a conversation in March 2006, Denis A Evans, MD reported that …Our findings in this aspe

28、ct of the study agree with those of Paul A Scherr, PhD (written communication, September 2005),2024/2/28,27,3.7 others 其它,插圖說明：Type or print out legends for illustrations using double spacing, starting on a separate page

29、.插圖：Design your figures for the appropriate reduction.表格：A table should be totally self-contained unit of information.,2024/2/28,28,4 英文寫作,4.1 論文寫作ABC4.2 論文標(biāo)題的撰寫4.3 論文摘要的翻譯與寫作,2024/2/28,29,4.1 寫作ABC,4.1.1 Passive or

30、active?Patients were instructed on the use of oral sildenafil. Blood levels were monitored every four hours.We instructed each patient on use of oral sildenafil and showed patients how to record blood glucose values ev

31、ery four hours.,2024/2/28,30,4.1.2 We or I? (single author)“Resolve to take the great leap and say I. Everybody should by now recognize that a mask is more conspicuous than a face.” Wilson Follett, M

32、odern American UsageThe author (I)This study, this report, this research, this thesis (I),2024/2/28,31,4.1.3 寫作ABCPrewriting: to select a journal, and read “Instructions to Authors”;Simple outlining on the basis of y

33、our research materials;From Interior to Exterior: writing “materials and methods”, “results”, and “discussion” first, then writing “introduction”, “abstract” and “title”.,2024/2/28,32,4.2 論文標(biāo)題的撰寫,Titles are to be writte

34、n to be understood by those in your field, telling them exactly what you have done in your work.,2024/2/28,33,4.2.1 文題的一般要求,,Titles should be short, clear, and amenable to indexing. (JAMA)1) short and concise: Write in

35、one line (not a sentence), not containing an active verb, not exceeding 25 words or 120-140 letters and spaces, no abbreviations or chemical symbols except those that are generally accepted, e.g. DNA, RNA, AIDS, CT; (Cv

36、 could be explained as cardiovascular or costovertebral, etc.),2024/2/28,34,2) Informative: State exactly what you want the reader to know about your paper and your work;3) Indexing: Pack as many key words or indexing t

37、erms as possible into the title without overloading it, key words not in the title will be in the abstract or can go in the “Key Words” section of the paper, key words are usually in the beginning or ending of the title.

38、,2024/2/28,35,4.2.2 簡潔 ——副標(biāo)題的使用,副標(biāo)題的作用A. 突出病例數(shù)Gallstone Ileus: A Review of 40 CasesB. 突出重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome: Disease Characteristics and Oral ManifestationsBalancing: Treatment of

39、 Gynecological Diseases,,2024/2/28,36,C. 突出研究方法Urine Cannabinoid Analysis: An Integrated Multimethod ApproachD. 突出同位關(guān)系A(chǔ)cademic Dismissals: Due Process,2024/2/28,37,E. 解釋性用詞Pancreatitis in Systemic lupus erythematosus

40、 (SLE): A case report and review of the literatureExamples of Paired Medicinals: Experiences in Compatibility Developed by Different Schools,2024/2/28,38,F. 提問或選擇Is chronic abdominal pain a surgical symptom or a psychi

41、atric symptom?Chronic abdominal pain: a surgical or psychiatric symptom?,2024/2/28,39,4.2.3 介詞的使用,research on management forobservation onexperience inintroduction tocontrast betweensurgery for,2024/2/28,40,4.2.4

42、格式,1) 詞組式Some Aspects of Renal TumorsEffects of Glucose on Neuroblastoma in Vitro and in VivoPattern Identification and Treatment of DysmenorrheaExperiences in Treating Infantile High FeverTreatment of Globus Hyster

43、icus (Plum-Pit Qi) with Integrative Medicine,2024/2/28,41,2) 主謂式Let’s Do Away with SmallpoxDietary Cholesterol As Carcinogenic for Human Colon Cancer,2024/2/28,42,(3) 疑問式Can Prostatectomy Be Improved?Must We Speciali

44、ze Herniorrhaphy for Better Results?Does Danggui Sini Decoction Contain Fresh Ginger?What Are the Indications of Scutellaria Decoction?,2024/2/28,43,4.3 論文摘要的翻譯與寫作,4.3.1 論文摘要的作用4.3.2 論文摘要的分類4.3.3 論文摘要中時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用,2024/2/2

45、8,44,4.3.1 論文摘要的作用,“The function of the abstract of a scientific paper is to provide an overview of the paper so that the readers know the main story and a few essential details of your work without reading the whole tex

46、t of the paper. The abstract should make sense both when read alone and when read with the paper.”---URMSBJ,2024/2/28,45,4.3.2 論文摘要的分類,2024/2/28,46,Indicative Abstract（通報(bào)性或指示性摘要）：只通報(bào)主題，不介紹研究的材料、方法和結(jié)果，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表達(dá)，如：Free tran

47、sfer of two undamaged fingers from a non-replantable left arm to a mutilated right hand in a 16-year-old boy is reported. 本文報(bào)道將一無法再植的左臂上的兩個(gè)未受損傷的手指移植給一16歲男孩被切斷的右手。Informative Abstract （資料性摘要）：告訴讀者研究的總體情況，使他們了解研究的目的、材料、方法

48、、結(jié)果、結(jié)論以及存在的問題。,2024/2/28,47,論文摘要的分類,2024/2/28,48,4.3.3 論文摘要中時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用,1) Objective/Purpose/AimBackground: present tense or present perfectObjective: present tense or present perfect or past tense2) Materials, methods and