微型裸腹溞在不同餌料環(huán)境馴化下的攝食行為【開題報(bào)告】

1、<p><b>　　畢業(yè)論文開題報(bào)告</b></p><p><b>　　海洋生物資源與環(huán)境</b></p><p>　　微型裸腹溞在不同餌料環(huán)境馴化下的攝食行為</p><p>　　一、選題的背景與意義</p><p>　　近幾十年隨著人類活動(dòng)的加劇，我國的淡水湖泊富營養(yǎng)化現(xiàn)象日趨嚴(yán)重。

2、湖泊富營養(yǎng)化常伴隨著夏季藍(lán)藻水華的爆發(fā)。微囊藻是藍(lán)藻水華的常見類群。因微囊藻缺乏營養(yǎng)價(jià)值并能產(chǎn)生微囊藻毒素(MC ) ,而被認(rèn)為是對(duì)浮游動(dòng)物有毒害作用的藻類。</p><p>　　在淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中，浮游動(dòng)物多以浮游植物為食，同時(shí)它們又是較高營養(yǎng)級(jí)生物的捕食對(duì)象，因此浮游動(dòng)物在淡水生態(tài)系統(tǒng)食物鏈中起著重要的樞紐作用。有研究表明水華藍(lán)藻對(duì)浮游動(dòng)物的危害不但會(huì)導(dǎo)致浮游動(dòng)物群落結(jié)構(gòu)的變動(dòng)，而且對(duì)次級(jí)生產(chǎn)力也會(huì)產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)的影

3、響，這些影響包括水華藍(lán)藻降低浮游動(dòng)物的存活率、抑制生長(zhǎng)和繁殖、降低攝食率等。</p><p>　　枝角類可以攝食水華藍(lán)藻的代表——銅綠微囊藻。然而枝角類的品種不同，適應(yīng)溫度大小和生理狀況，微囊藻的存在狀態(tài)和數(shù)量，光照等都會(huì)枝角類攝食藍(lán)藻有影響，但這一方面的研究報(bào)道相對(duì)較少。本文希望通過研究銅綠微囊藻（Microcystis aeruginosa）對(duì)微型裸腹溞（Moina micrura）攝食行為的影響，確定經(jīng)自然

4、馴化和人工馴化后枝角類攝食行為是否改變，探討是否經(jīng)過馴化的微型裸腹溞比在對(duì)藍(lán)藻有更強(qiáng)的適應(yīng)性。從而為治理水華提供更好的理論依據(jù)。</p><p>　　二、研究的基本內(nèi)容與擬解決的主要問題：</p><p>　　研究基本內(nèi)容：在藍(lán)藻的自燃馴化條件下，藍(lán)藻對(duì)枝角類攝食行為的影響；</p><p>　　在藍(lán)藻的人工馴化條件下，藍(lán)藻對(duì)枝角類攝食行為的影響。</p>

5、;<p><b>　　擬解決的主要問題：</b></p><p>　　如何借助別針和真空硅膠黏住枝角類的背部，并盡量降低對(duì)其活性的影響；</p><p>　　如何于解剖鏡下觀察并準(zhǔn)確數(shù)出枝角類小顎的吞咽頻率和尾爪的拒食頻率。</p><p>　　三、研究的方法與技術(shù)路線：</p><p><b>

6、　　研究方法：</b></p><p>　　在人工條件下馴化微型裸腹藻；</p><p>　　獲取自燃馴化的微型裸腹藻；</p><p>　　于解剖鏡下觀察并數(shù)出枝角類的小顎的吞咽頻率和尾爪的拒食頻率。</p><p><b>　　技術(shù)路線： </b></p><p>　　四、研究的總

7、體安排與進(jìn)度：</p><p>　　1、20010.7-2010.9 微囊藻對(duì)微型裸腹藻攝食行為影響的實(shí)驗(yàn)、外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯；</p><p>　　2、2010.11-2010.12 撰寫文獻(xiàn)綜述、開題報(bào)告、任務(wù)書等；</p><p>　　3、2011.4-2011.5 數(shù)據(jù)整理，修改、完成論文定稿，畢業(yè)論文答辯。</p><p><

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