四層雜物電梯plc控制外文翻譯

1、<p>　　四層雜物電梯 PLC控制 外文翻譯</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p><p>　　microelectronic technology's development, elevator's dragging way and the control method has had the very big

2、change, the exchange velocity modulation is the current elevator dragging main development direction. At present the lift control system mainly has three control modes: Following electric circuit control system (“early i

3、nstallment elevator many black-white control system), PLC control system, microcomputer control system. Because the black-white control system the failure rate is high, t</p><p>　　The origin and development

4、of the elevator</p><p>　　Elevator in the Chinese dictionary explanation: building electricity powered lift, instead of walking up and down the stairs.</p><p>　　When it comes to lift from the ori

5、gin of the 2600 BC Egyptians built in Pyramid using the original lifting system to start, but this kind of crane energy are human. By 1203, two French monastery installed a crane, the difference is just the machine is th

6、e use of donkey as power, load by around a large drum rope for hoisting. This method has been used to modern until Watt invented the steam engine, in about1800, mine owners can use the crane to mine in coal transportatio

7、n.</p><p>　　For hundreds of years, people made various types of elevators, they all have a common defect: as long as the lifting rope snaps, lifting ladder he rapidly hit bottom layer. 1854 Otis design a bra

8、ke: in the lift platform mounted on top of a truck with a spring and a brake lever and Lift Wells Road on both sides of the guide rail is connected with the lifting rope, wagon springs, this is only the lifting platform

9、weight is sufficient to pull spring, avoid contact with the brake lever. If the rope </p><p>　　However it can be called the elevator ( electric energy to drive the elevator ) of the product should be at the

10、beginning of the twentieth Century emerged. </p><p>　　Elevator technology development trend</p><p>　　(1): green environmental protection concept is the development trend of elevator. Have expert

11、 prophecy" who first introduced green products and market of race to control, who will grasp the market competition initiative". Development trend to basically have : the continuous improvement of product desig

12、n, production of environmental protection type low power consumption, low noise, no leakage, no water leakage, no electromagnetic interference, no oil pollution of the elevator hoistway guide. Elev</p><p>　　

13、The definition of PLC</p><p>　　Programmable controller is a digital electronic computers operating system, specifically designed for applications in industrial environments designed. It adopts a kind of prog

14、rammable memory, for its internal storage procedures, the implementation of logical, sequential control, timing, counting and arithmetic operations such as user-oriented instructions, and through digital or analog input

15、/ output control various types of machinery or production process. Programmable controller and related p</p><p>　　In short, the programmable controller is a computer, it is designed for industrial applicatio

16、ns and the design and manufacture of computer. It has a rich input / output interface, and has strong driving ability. But the programmable controller products are not directed to a specific industry application, in prac

17、tical application, its hardware according to actual need optional configuration, the software according to the control requirements for the design and preparation of. </p><p>　　The characteristics of PLC:<

18、;/p><p>　　One, high reliability, strong anti-interference ability and high reliability is the key performance of electrical control equipment</p><p>　　PLC due to the use of modern large-scale integ

19、rated circuit technology, strict production process, the internal circuit adopts advanced anti interference technology, has very high reliability. Such as the Mitsubishi F series produced by PLC MTBF is high up to 300000

20、 hours. Some use of redundant CPU PLC MTTF mean time to failure is longer. From the PLC machine circuit, the use of PLC control system, and the same scale relay systems, electrical wiring and switch contacts have been re

21、duced to hundr</p><p>　　In addition, PLC with hardware fault self testing function, failure can be timely warning information. In the application software, applications can also be incorporated into the peri

22、pheral device fault diagnosis program in the system, except PLC circuit and equipment were also obtained self diagnosis of fault protection. Thus, the entire system with high reliability is also not surprising.</p>

23、<p>　　Two, matching complete, perfect function</p><p>　　Applicability of PLC development today, has formed a large, small scale, in various series of products. Can be used for various scale industrial

24、 control occasions. In addition to the logic processing function, modern PLC mostly with complete data operation ability, can be used for various digital control field. In recent years the function of PLC cells in large

25、numbers, the PLC penetrated into the position control, temperature control, CNC and other kinds of industrial control. With PLC communic</p><p>　　In three, easy to learn and use, by the engineering and techn

26、ical personnel are welcome to PLC as general industrial control computer, is the industrial and mining enterprises in the industrial equipment</p><p>　　It interfaces easily, easy programming language for eng

27、ineering and technical personnel to accept. Ladder diagram language symbols and expressions and relay circuit diagram are quite close, only a small amount of PLC switching logic control instructions can conveniently real

28、ize the function of relay circuit. To be familiar with electronic circuits, not understand computer principle and assembly language people use computer in industrial control opened convenient ways.</p><p>　　

29、Four, system design, build small workload, convenient maintenance, easy to modify PLC memory logic instead of logical connection, greatly reducing the control equipment external connection, so that the control system des

30、ign and construction period is shortened greatly, at the same time also becomes easy maintenance. It is more important that the same equipment after changing the program changes in the production process as possible. It

31、is suitable for many varieties, small batch production.</p><p>　　In five, small volume, light weight, low energy consumption to ultra small PLC for example, recent production of varieties is smaller than100m

32、m, the weight is less than 150g, only a few watts of power. Because of the small size easily loaded into internal machinery, is realizes the integration of machinery control equipment. </p><p>　　Debris eleva

33、tor is introduced</p><p>　　Service in the specified floor ( generally highest at eight layer below the fixed lifting equipment ). It has a car, its size and structure, the car is not allowed to enter the per

34、sonnel. The car runs at two vertical columns of the tilt angle of less than 15 DEG between the rigid rails. In order to meet the conditions shall enter personnel, car size shall not exceed: a ) floor area: 1.20square met

35、ers ) deep degree B: C 1.20 meters ) high degree:1.40 M D ) weight:500 kg has the advantages of smal</p><p>　　Elevator control system</p><p>　　The main function of base station call box equipped

36、 with a lock, used for starting up and shutting down the elevator control circuit. The electric door interlock function of each layer door have electric door interlock switch, when any of the landing door opens, the elev

37、ator stops running. The door inter-locking function of each layer of doors are equipped with mechanical locks, when the car is not in the docking station when the layer, layer door can not be opened, such as special case

38、s, can be</p><p>　　Dumbwaiter lift characteristics</p><p>　　The debris elevator using industrial PLC computer control, stable running, convenient operation</p><p>　　The elevator use

39、s a straight fractional manual opening of the door, the box using the hairline stainless steel, beautiful generous</p><p>　　The elevator uses a patented the machine-room-less design, effective use of space,

40、reduce the construction cost</p><p>　　The elevator can choose floor type or windows desktop design, suitable for various occasions</p><p><b>　　中 文 對 照</b></p><p><b&g

41、t;　　摘要</b></p><p>　　隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展、近年來，我國的電梯生產(chǎn)技術(shù)得到了迅速發(fā)展．一些電梯廠也在不斷改進(jìn)設(shè)計(jì)、修改工藝。更新?lián)Q代生產(chǎn)更新型的電梯，電梯主要分為機(jī)械系統(tǒng)與控制系統(tǒng)兩大部份，隨著自動(dòng)控制理論與微電子技術(shù)的發(fā)展，電梯的拖動(dòng)方式與控制手段均發(fā)生了很大的變化，交流調(diào)速是當(dāng)前電梯拖動(dòng)的主要發(fā)展方向。目前電梯控制系統(tǒng)主要有三種控制方式：繼電路控制系統(tǒng)(“早期安裝的電梯多位繼電器

42、控制系統(tǒng))、PLC控制系統(tǒng)、微機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)。繼電器控制系統(tǒng)由于故障率高、可靠性差、控制方式不靈活以及消耗功率大等缺點(diǎn)，目前已逐漸被淘汰。微機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)雖在智能控制方面有較強(qiáng)的功能，但也存在抗擾性差，系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜，一般維修人員難以掌握其維修技術(shù)等缺陷。而PLC控制系統(tǒng)由于運(yùn)行可靠性高，使用維修方便，抗干擾性強(qiáng),設(shè)計(jì)和調(diào)試周期較短等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，倍受人們重視等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，已成為目前在電梯控制系統(tǒng)中使用最多的控制方式，目前也廣泛用于傳統(tǒng)繼電器控制系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)改造

43、。</p><p><b>　　電梯的起源與發(fā)展</b></p><p>　　電梯在漢語詞典中的解釋為：建筑物中用電作動(dòng)力的升降機(jī),代替步行上下的樓梯。</p><p>　　說到電梯的起源要從公元前2600年埃及人在建造金字塔時(shí)使用了最原始的提升系統(tǒng)說起，但這一類起重機(jī)的能源均為人力。到了1203年，法國的二修道院安裝了一臺(tái)起重機(jī)，所不同者只是

44、該機(jī)器是利用驢作為動(dòng)力，載荷由繞在一個(gè)大滾筒上的繩子進(jìn)行起吊。此種方法一直沿用到近代直到瓦特發(fā)明了蒸汽機(jī)，約在1800年，煤礦主才能利用起重機(jī)把礦井中的煤輸送上來。</p><p>　　數(shù)百年來人們制造過各種類型的升降梯，它們都具有一個(gè)共同的缺陷：只要起吊繩突然斷裂，升降梯便急速地墜落到底層。1854年奧的斯設(shè)計(jì)了一種制動(dòng)器：在升降梯的平臺(tái)頂部安裝一個(gè)貨車用的彈簧及一個(gè)制動(dòng)桿與升降梯井道兩側(cè)的導(dǎo)軌相連結(jié)，起吊繩與

45、貨車彈簧連結(jié)，這樣僅是起重平臺(tái)的重量就足以拉開彈簧，避免與制動(dòng)桿接觸。如果繩子斷裂，貨車彈簧會(huì)將拉力減弱，兩端立該與制動(dòng)桿咬合，即可將平臺(tái)牢固地原地固定免繼續(xù)下墜?！鞍踩纳堤荨卑l(fā)明成功了！一時(shí)間，奧的斯成了眾人注目的中心。第一臺(tái)升降機(jī)并非奧的斯所發(fā)明，但他卻是第一臺(tái)“安全”升降梯的發(fā)明者?！鞍踩边@一概念不僅開創(chuàng)了升降梯工業(yè)，而且也為那些想建造更高層建筑物以增加更多可利用空間的設(shè)計(jì)們打開了通途。</p><p&g

46、t;　　然而真正能夠稱為電梯（用電能驅(qū)動(dòng)升降梯）的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)該是在20世紀(jì)初才出現(xiàn)的。 </p><p><b>　　電梯技術(shù)發(fā)展趨勢</b></p><p>　　（1）環(huán)保：綠色理念是電梯發(fā)展總趨勢。有專家預(yù)言“誰最先推出綠色產(chǎn)品并搶占市場，誰就掌握市場競爭主動(dòng)權(quán)”。發(fā)展趨勢主要有：不斷改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)，生產(chǎn)環(huán)保型低能耗、低噪聲、無漏油、無漏水、無電磁干擾、無井道導(dǎo)軌油漬

47、污染的電梯。電梯曳引采用尼龍合成纖維曳引繩，鋼皮帶等無潤滑油污染曳引方式。電梯裝璜將采用無（少）環(huán)境污染材料。電梯空載上升和滿載下行電機(jī)再生發(fā)電回收技術(shù)。安裝電梯將無需安裝手腳架。電梯零件在生產(chǎn)和使用過程中對環(huán)境沒有影響（如剎車皮一定不能使用石棉）并且材料是可以回收的。（2）藍(lán)牙技術(shù)在電梯上應(yīng)用。安裝過電梯的人都知道放線、對線是費(fèi)時(shí)、費(fèi)力、極容易錯(cuò)的工作。如果控制屏與召喚系統(tǒng)通過藍(lán)牙技術(shù)連接起來實(shí)現(xiàn)無線召喚將會(huì)是電梯控制的另一場革命同時(shí)

48、為我們帶來巨大好處。A安裝期將減少30％以上，其直接好處是降低安裝成本，客戶也因從訂梯到使用電梯周期費(fèi)用減少和提高現(xiàn)金周轉(zhuǎn)率。B在電梯上使用藍(lán)牙技術(shù)一定會(huì)使電梯控制系統(tǒng)大量使用最新最快微機(jī)，這將會(huì)進(jìn)一步提高電梯整機(jī)可靠性，故障率大大降低，控制精度也進(jìn)一步提高，帶來的結(jié)果是電梯更加舒適，平層更加準(zhǔn)確。C很好地解決了電梯控制與外圍設(shè)備的兼容和聯(lián)系。特別</p><p><b>　　PLC的定義</b&

49、gt;</p><p>　　可編程控制器是一種數(shù)字運(yùn)算操作的電子系統(tǒng)，專為在工業(yè)環(huán)境應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)的。它采用一類可編程的存儲(chǔ)器，用于其內(nèi)部存儲(chǔ)程序，執(zhí)行邏輯運(yùn)算,順序控制，定時(shí)，計(jì)數(shù)與算術(shù)操作等面向用戶的指令，并通過數(shù)字或模擬式輸入/輸出控制各種類型的機(jī)械或生產(chǎn)過程?？删幊炭刂破骷捌溆嘘P(guān)外部設(shè)備，都按易于與工業(yè)控制系統(tǒng)聯(lián)成一個(gè)整體，易于擴(kuò)充其功能的原則設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p>　　總之，可編程控

50、制器是一臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)，它是專為工業(yè)環(huán)境應(yīng)用而設(shè)計(jì)制造的計(jì)算機(jī)。它具有豐富的輸入/輸出接口，并且具有較強(qiáng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)能力。但可編程控制器產(chǎn)品并不針對某一具體工業(yè)應(yīng)用，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)，其硬件需根據(jù)實(shí)際需要進(jìn)行選用配置，其軟件需根據(jù)控制要求進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)編制。</p><p><b>　　PLC的特點(diǎn)：</b></p><p>　　一、可靠性高，抗干擾能力強(qiáng)高可靠性是電氣控制設(shè)備的關(guān)鍵性能&

51、lt;/p><p>　　PLC由于采用現(xiàn)代大規(guī)模集成電路技術(shù)，采用嚴(yán)格的生產(chǎn)工藝制造，內(nèi)部電路采取了先進(jìn)的抗干擾技術(shù)，具有很高的可靠性。例如三菱公司生產(chǎn)的F系列PLC平均無故障時(shí)間高達(dá)30萬小時(shí)。一些使用冗余CPU的PLC的平均無故障工作時(shí)間則更長。從PLC的機(jī)外電路來說，使用PLC構(gòu)成控制系統(tǒng)，和同等規(guī)模的繼電接觸器系統(tǒng)相比，電氣接線及開關(guān)接點(diǎn)已減少到數(shù)百甚至數(shù)千分之一，故障也就大大降低。</p>&

52、lt;p>　　此外，PLC帶有硬件故障自我檢測功能，出現(xiàn)故障時(shí)可及時(shí)發(fā)出警報(bào)信息。在應(yīng)用軟件中，應(yīng)用者還可以編入外圍器件的故障自診斷程序，使系統(tǒng)中除PLC以外的電路及設(shè)備也獲得故障自診斷保護(hù)。這樣，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)具有極高的可靠性也就不奇怪了。</p><p>　　二、配套齊全，功能完善</p><p>　　適用性強(qiáng)PLC發(fā)展到今天，已經(jīng)形成了大、中、小各種規(guī)模的系列化產(chǎn)品。可以用于各種規(guī)模

53、的工業(yè)控制場合。除了邏輯處理功能以外，現(xiàn)代PLC大多具有完善的數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算能力，可用于各種數(shù)字控制領(lǐng)域。近年來PLC的功能單元大量涌現(xiàn)，使PLC滲透到了位置控制、溫度控制、CNC等各種工業(yè)控制中。加上PLC通信能力的增強(qiáng)及人機(jī)界面技術(shù)的發(fā)展，使用PLC組成各種控制系統(tǒng)變得非常容易。</p><p>　　三、易學(xué)易用，深受工程技術(shù)人員歡迎PLC作為通用工業(yè)控制計(jì)算機(jī)，是面向工礦企業(yè)的工控設(shè)備</p>&l

54、t;p>　　它接口容易，編程語言易于為工程技術(shù)人員接受。梯形圖語言的圖形符號與表達(dá)方式和繼電器電路圖相當(dāng)接近，只用PLC的少量開關(guān)量邏輯控制指令就可以方便地實(shí)現(xiàn)繼電器電路的功能。為不熟悉電子電路、不懂計(jì)算機(jī)原理和匯編語言的人使用計(jì)算機(jī)從事工業(yè)控制打開了方便之門。</p><p>　　四、系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)、建造工作量小，維護(hù)方便，容易改造PLC用存儲(chǔ)邏輯代替接線邏輯，大大減少了控制設(shè)備外部的接線，使控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)及建

55、造的周期大為縮短，同時(shí)維護(hù)也變得容易起來。更重要的是使同一設(shè)備經(jīng)過改變程序改變生產(chǎn)過程成為可能。這很適合多品種、小批量的生產(chǎn)場合。</p><p>　　五、體積小，重量輕，能耗低以超小型PLC為例，新近出產(chǎn)的品種底部尺寸小于100mm，重量小于150g，功耗僅數(shù)瓦。由于體積小很容易裝入機(jī)械內(nèi)部，是實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)電一體化的理想控制設(shè)備 。</p><p><b>　　雜物電梯介紹</

56、b></p><p>　　服務(wù)于規(guī)定樓層（一般最高在八層以下）的固定式升降設(shè)備。它具有一個(gè)轎廂，就其尺寸和結(jié)構(gòu)型式而言，轎廂內(nèi)不允許進(jìn)入人員。轎廂運(yùn)行在兩列垂直的傾斜角小于15°的剛性導(dǎo)軌之間。為滿足不得進(jìn)入人員的條件，轎廂尺寸不得超過： </p><p>　　a)底板面積：1.20平方米 </p><p>　　b)深 度：1.20米 </p&

57、gt;<p>　　c)高 度：1.40米 </p><p>　　d)載重：500公斤 </p><p>　　具有體積小，功能全，運(yùn)送平穩(wěn)，價(jià)格低廉等特點(diǎn)，廣泛應(yīng)用于餐廳食堂運(yùn)送飯菜及工廠、圖書館等運(yùn)送雜物，現(xiàn)在市場上按使用方式大體分為兩種，微機(jī)控制的和PIC控制的，按照工作方式分為工作臺(tái)式的和落地式的，其速度從0.4米到1.0米不等，現(xiàn)在為了安裝方便大都使用框架式的，此種結(jié)構(gòu)

58、的具有安裝方便，使用空間小，且不使用專門的井道。</p><p>　　雜物電梯控制系統(tǒng)功能</p><p>　?、匐婃i功能基站呼梯盒配備電鎖，用于啟動(dòng)和關(guān)閉電梯的控制電路。 ②電氣門聯(lián)鎖功能各層門均有電氣門聯(lián)鎖開關(guān)，當(dāng)任一層門打開時(shí)，電梯停止運(yùn)行。 ③層門機(jī)械門鎖功能每層門均有機(jī)械門鎖，當(dāng)轎廂不在本層站?？繒r(shí)，層門不能開啟，如特殊情況，可用本廠隨梯配帶的專用鑰匙開啟層門

59、。 ④蜂鳴提示功能具有到站蜂鳴提示功能。 ⑤樓層數(shù)顯示功能轎廂位置由數(shù)碼顯示樓層。 ⑥運(yùn)行方向顯示功能運(yùn)行方向由上下行發(fā)光箭頭顯示。 ⑦呼梯應(yīng)答功能按下呼梯按鈕，被呼層按鈕數(shù)字指示燈亮，到站后撤消記憶，指示燈滅。 ⑧效平功能當(dāng)電梯不在檢修或急停狀態(tài)時(shí)，因某種原因（如停電、操作不當(dāng)?shù)龋┺I廂未?？吭谌魏我粚悠綄游恢脮r(shí)，此時(shí)電梯將不響應(yīng)任何呼叫。電梯恢復(fù)正常狀態(tài)時(shí),轎廂會(huì)就近自動(dòng)平層. <

60、;/p><p><b>　　雜物電梯特點(diǎn)</b></p><p>　　◆雜物電梯采用工業(yè)級PLC電腦控制，運(yùn)行平穩(wěn)，操作方便 </p><p>　　◆雜物電梯采用直分式手動(dòng)開門，轎箱采用發(fā)紋不銹鋼，美觀大方 </p><p>　　◆雜物電梯采用專利的無機(jī)房設(shè)計(jì)，有效利用空間，降低土建成本 </p><p&