工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)外文翻譯

1、<p><b>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）</b></p><p><b>　　外文翻譯</b></p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名： </p><p>　　院（系）： 建筑與土木工程學(xué)院 </p><p>　　專(zhuān)業(yè)班級(jí)： 工程管理 &l

2、t;/p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師： </p><p>　　完成日期：　2013年12月30日　</p><p><b>　　要 求</b></p><p>　　1.外文翻譯是畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）的主要內(nèi)容之一，學(xué)生必須獨(dú)立完成。</p><p>　　2.外文翻譯文內(nèi)

3、容應(yīng)與學(xué)生的專(zhuān)業(yè)或畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）內(nèi)容相關(guān)，不得少于15000印刷字符。</p><p>　　3.外文翻譯文用A4紙打印。文章標(biāo)題用3號(hào)宋體，章節(jié)標(biāo)題用4號(hào)宋體，正文用小4號(hào)宋體；頁(yè)邊距上下左右均為2.5cm,左側(cè)裝訂，裝訂線(xiàn)0.5cm。按中文翻譯在上，外文原文在下的順序裝訂。</p><p>　　4.年月日等的填寫(xiě)，用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字書(shū)寫(xiě)，要符合《關(guān)于出版物上數(shù)字用法的試行規(guī)定》，如“2009

4、年2月15日”。</p><p>　　5.所有簽名必須手寫(xiě)，不得打印</p><p>　　工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)外文翻譯</p><p><b>　　摘要</b></p><p>　　本翻譯主要針對(duì)工程管理本專(zhuān)業(yè)的工程項(xiàng)目管理、工程量清單、工程量等專(zhuān)業(yè)術(shù)語(yǔ)進(jìn)行闡述，從而使自己對(duì)工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)有更深刻的了解和認(rèn)識(shí)。當(dāng)前，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化

5、，我國(guó)隨后加入了世貿(mào)組織，使我國(guó)在各行各業(yè)都有了新的突破，為了增強(qiáng)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，在重視硬件發(fā)展的同時(shí)，我們不能忽視軟件（工程管理）的發(fā)展。因此，工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)規(guī)范和無(wú)底招標(biāo)的推行使我國(guó)工程管理和工程量清單等實(shí)現(xiàn)了與國(guó)際社會(huì)的全面接軌。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：工程管理，工程量清單，工程量</p><p>　　工程管理是對(duì)具有技術(shù)成分的活動(dòng)進(jìn)行計(jì)劃、組織、資源分配以及指導(dǎo)和控制的科學(xué)和藝術(shù)

6、。中國(guó)工程院咨詢(xún)項(xiàng)目《我國(guó)工程管理科學(xué)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀研究》報(bào)告中對(duì)工程管理有如下界定：工程管理是指為實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期目標(biāo)，有效利用資源，對(duì)工程所進(jìn)行的決策、計(jì)劃、組織、指揮、協(xié)調(diào)與控制。工程項(xiàng)目管理是工程管理的一個(gè)主要組成部分，它采用項(xiàng)目管理方法對(duì)工程的建設(shè)過(guò)程進(jìn)行管理，通過(guò)計(jì)劃和控制保證工程項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)，不僅包括工程項(xiàng)目管理，還包括工程的決策、工程估價(jià)、工程合同管理、工程經(jīng)濟(jì)分析、工程技術(shù)管理、工程質(zhì)量管理、工程的投融資、工程資產(chǎn)管理等。<

7、/p><p>　　工程管理的目標(biāo)是取得工程的成功，是工程達(dá)到成功的各項(xiàng)要求，對(duì)于一個(gè)具體的工程，這些要求就轉(zhuǎn)化為工程的目標(biāo)。同時(shí)，工程管理是對(duì)工程全生命期的管理，包括對(duì)工程的前期決策的管理、設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)劃的管理、施工的管理、運(yùn)營(yíng)維護(hù)管理等。除此之外，工程管理是以工程為對(duì)象的系統(tǒng)管理方法，通過(guò)一個(gè)臨時(shí)性的、專(zhuān)門(mén)的柔性組織，對(duì)工程建設(shè)和運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程進(jìn)行高效率的計(jì)劃、組織、指導(dǎo)和控制，以對(duì)工程進(jìn)行全過(guò)程的動(dòng)態(tài)管理，實(shí)現(xiàn)工程的目標(biāo)。

8、因此，目前在工程管理方面應(yīng)從以下幾方面學(xué)習(xí)：</p><p><b>　　1、技術(shù)領(lǐng)域</b></p><p>　　工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)培養(yǎng)具備管理學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和土木工程技術(shù)的基本知識(shí)，學(xué)生在校學(xué)習(xí)期間，要接受工程師和經(jīng)濟(jì)師的基本素質(zhì)訓(xùn)練，打好工程技術(shù)、管理、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、外語(yǔ)及計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用方面的堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。管理學(xué)院在對(duì)工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)過(guò)程中，積極提供相應(yīng)條件，使學(xué)生根據(jù)自身能力

9、，能夠攻讀相關(guān)學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)的雙學(xué)位和雙專(zhuān)業(yè)。</p><p>　　有不少人認(rèn)為工程管理就是一種單純的管理學(xué)科，工程管理需要學(xué)習(xí)的不僅僅是一種管理的思想，同時(shí)還要求有一定的工程背景和數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)。</p><p><b>　　2、培養(yǎng)要求</b></p><p>　　在這門(mén)專(zhuān)業(yè)的學(xué)習(xí)中，應(yīng)明白一個(gè)基本的等式就是“工程管理=工程技術(shù)+經(jīng)濟(jì)管理”，當(dāng)然決不是

10、簡(jiǎn)單的相加，而應(yīng)當(dāng)掌握幾個(gè)基本的技能：</p><p>　?。?）掌握以土木工程技術(shù)為主的理論知識(shí)和實(shí)踐技能；</p><p>　?。?）掌握相關(guān)的管理理論和方法；</p><p>　?。?）掌握相關(guān)的經(jīng)濟(jì)理論；</p><p>　?。?）掌握相關(guān)的法律、法規(guī)；</p><p>　?。?）具有從事工程管理的理論知識(shí)和實(shí)

11、踐能力；</p><p>　?。?）具有閱讀工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)外語(yǔ)文獻(xiàn)的能力；</p><p>　?。?）具有運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)輔助解決工程管理問(wèn)題的能力；</p><p>　?。?）具有較強(qiáng)的科學(xué)研究能力。總的來(lái)說(shuō)，工程管理還是偏重于管理科學(xué)，適合那些人際交往能力強(qiáng)，又善于用理性去思考問(wèn)題的考生報(bào)考。</p><p><b>　　3、培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)&

12、lt;/b></p><p>　　本專(zhuān)業(yè)的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)需要，德智體全面發(fā)展，具備工程技術(shù)及經(jīng)濟(jì)管理、法律等基本知識(shí)，獲得工程師基本訓(xùn)練，具有較強(qiáng)實(shí)踐能力、創(chuàng)新能力、組織管理能力的高級(jí)工程管理人才。工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)與國(guó)家注冊(cè)監(jiān)理工程師、國(guó)家注冊(cè)造價(jià)工程師的知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)相接軌，專(zhuān)業(yè)方向涵蓋工程項(xiàng)目管理、房地產(chǎn)管理經(jīng)營(yíng)、工程投資與造價(jià)管理、國(guó)際工程承包等方向。畢業(yè)生可從事工程咨詢(xún)、工程項(xiàng)目施工、房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)

13、與經(jīng)營(yíng)的相關(guān)工作，專(zhuān)業(yè)覆蓋面寬，從業(yè)范圍廣，社會(huì)需求大。</p><p><b>　　4、就業(yè)狀況</b></p><p>　　工程管理專(zhuān)業(yè)的就業(yè)領(lǐng)域涉及建筑工程、工程施工和控制管理、房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)以及金融、賓館、貿(mào)易等行業(yè)部門(mén)的管理工作。這一專(zhuān)業(yè)涉及就業(yè)領(lǐng)域?qū)θ瞬诺拇罅啃枨蟊容^普遍。從銀行證券到酒店賓館，從建筑企業(yè)到房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)公司都急需補(bǔ)充大量的工程營(yíng)造管理及相關(guān)專(zhuān)業(yè)的

14、人才，因此人才市場(chǎng)上對(duì)該專(zhuān)業(yè)人才的需求量很大。該專(zhuān)業(yè)就業(yè)領(lǐng)域所涉及到的工作是：綜合系統(tǒng)地運(yùn)用管理、建筑、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律等基本知識(shí)，側(cè)重于工程建筑、施工管理以及房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)開(kāi)發(fā)，并熟悉中國(guó)相關(guān)的方針、政策和法規(guī)，進(jìn)行企業(yè)工程開(kāi)發(fā)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的經(jīng)營(yíng)和管理。</p><p>　　近年來(lái)由于市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展需要，國(guó)家修改制定了一系列相關(guān)的就業(yè)政策，為專(zhuān)業(yè)人才的發(fā)展創(chuàng)造更加有利的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，完善了專(zhuān)業(yè)人才尤其是高校畢業(yè)生脫穎而出的市場(chǎng)機(jī)

15、制。北京市先后出臺(tái)了《北京招聘外地人才細(xì)則》等政策，使外地專(zhuān)業(yè)人才留京之路進(jìn)一步拓寬。享受政策優(yōu)惠的人才包括從事科技、文教、經(jīng)貿(mào)等工作，具有大學(xué)專(zhuān)科以上學(xué)歷，人事關(guān)系和常住戶(hù)口不在北京市的專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)人員和管理人員。該專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)生在就業(yè)時(shí)需注意三個(gè)問(wèn)題。第一、就業(yè)時(shí)要分清主次。在擇業(yè)時(shí)應(yīng)把事業(yè)放在第一位，其次才是工作地點(diǎn)的選取。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)省市的建筑業(yè)市場(chǎng)已趨于飽和，而中西部地區(qū)則剛剛起步，選擇落后地區(qū)將有助于自己今后長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的發(fā)展；第二、根據(jù)自己的

16、特點(diǎn)和能力合理地選擇職業(yè)。應(yīng)做好自我能力水平的分析，知道自己知識(shí)能力適用于哪些具體職位和工作；第三、就業(yè)時(shí)不應(yīng)以金錢(qián)作為衡量事業(yè)成功的尺度，應(yīng)著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)，選擇對(duì)自己長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展有利的職業(yè)。從北京市國(guó)際展覽中心人才交流會(huì)的狀況來(lái)看，近幾年該專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)狀況出現(xiàn)明顯好轉(zhuǎn)，但比起有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人員還比較遜色。</p><p>　　而與此專(zhuān)業(yè)就業(yè)領(lǐng)域相關(guān)的主要行業(yè)之一是房地產(chǎn)業(yè)。這一行業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)整體形勢(shì)不斷好轉(zhuǎn)逐漸走

17、向高潮，住宅投資和市場(chǎng)需求全面看好。2000年一季度北京市完成投資34．6億元，增長(zhǎng)16．9%。從長(zhǎng)期看，竣工面積升幅將下降，而需求面積將上升，供求形勢(shì)樂(lè)觀(guān)。個(gè)性鮮明、外觀(guān)典雅的經(jīng)濟(jì)型住房將大受歡迎。同時(shí)政府將繼續(xù)加大城建投資力度。房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)向著好的形勢(shì)不斷發(fā)展。但機(jī)遇與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并存，激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)房地產(chǎn)業(yè)的開(kāi)發(fā)建設(shè)、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理都提出了更高的要求。市場(chǎng)越來(lái)越注重專(zhuān)業(yè)化的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)：房盤(pán)設(shè)計(jì)的專(zhuān)業(yè)化、周?chē)鐓^(qū)服務(wù)的專(zhuān)業(yè)化以及相關(guān)物業(yè)管理的專(zhuān)業(yè)化。順

18、應(yīng)行業(yè)專(zhuān)業(yè)化發(fā)展的趨勢(shì)，相關(guān)的職業(yè)也將呈現(xiàn)出專(zhuān)業(yè)化發(fā)展的態(tài)勢(shì)，使原來(lái)的職業(yè)逐漸細(xì)分，達(dá)到功能運(yùn)作的合理與完善，以適應(yīng)激烈的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。該專(zhuān)業(yè)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)趨勢(shì)，也將逐步適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)行業(yè)的快節(jié)奏發(fā)展步伐，在全行業(yè)回暖的經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下，在與國(guó)際化逐漸接軌的歷史條件下，繼續(xù)向好的方向發(fā)展。</p><p>　　除此之外，在工程管理項(xiàng)目中，工程量清單是完成建設(shè)工程需要實(shí)施的各個(gè)分項(xiàng)及其工程數(shù)量的明細(xì)清單，它是將設(shè)計(jì)圖紙和業(yè)主對(duì)項(xiàng)目的建

19、設(shè)要求以及要求承建人完成的工作轉(zhuǎn)換成許多條明細(xì)分項(xiàng)和數(shù)量的表單格式，每條分項(xiàng)描述叫一個(gè)清單項(xiàng)目或清單分項(xiàng)，它也反映了承包人完成建設(shè)項(xiàng)目需要實(shí)施的具體的分項(xiàng)目標(biāo)。 </p><p>　　工程量清單是投標(biāo)人填報(bào)分項(xiàng)工程單價(jià)，對(duì)工程進(jìn)行計(jì)價(jià)的依據(jù)。招標(biāo)人提供的工程量清單為投標(biāo)人提供了一個(gè)平等的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)報(bào)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)。實(shí)行工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)是建立公開(kāi)、公正、公平的工程計(jì)價(jià)和競(jìng)價(jià)的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，逐步解決定額計(jì)價(jià)中與工程建設(shè)市場(chǎng)不相適應(yīng)的因

20、素，深化建設(shè)工程招標(biāo)投標(biāo)工作的改革措施，實(shí)行建立在工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)模式上的招投標(biāo)制度具有很強(qiáng)的優(yōu)越性：1>充分引人市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，規(guī)范招標(biāo)投標(biāo)行為。2>實(shí)現(xiàn)量?jī)r(jià)為分離、強(qiáng)調(diào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分擔(dān)，促進(jìn)各方面管理水平提高。>3增強(qiáng)招投標(biāo)過(guò)程的透明度，淡化標(biāo)底的作用。4>縮短招標(biāo)周期、提高社會(huì)效益。5>加快改革開(kāi)放步伐，引人國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。</p><p>　　工程量是指以物理計(jì)量單位或自然計(jì)量單位表示的建

21、筑工程各個(gè)分項(xiàng)工程或結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的實(shí)物數(shù)量。工程量是確定工程量清單、建筑工程直接費(fèi)、編制工程施工組織、安排工程施工進(jìn)度、編制材料供應(yīng)計(jì)劃、進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)工作和實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)核算的重要依據(jù)。其計(jì)算是一個(gè)重要而細(xì)致的過(guò)程，在計(jì)算過(guò)程中，除依據(jù)工程量清單計(jì)價(jià)規(guī)范和定額中工程量計(jì)算規(guī)則的各項(xiàng)規(guī)定外，還應(yīng)依據(jù)下列文件來(lái)進(jìn)行計(jì)算：1>經(jīng)審定的施工圖紙及設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū)、相關(guān)圖集、設(shè)計(jì)變更資料、圖紙答疑、會(huì)審記錄等。2>經(jīng)審定的施工組織設(shè)計(jì)或施工方案。3>

22、;工程施工合同、招標(biāo)文件的商務(wù)條款。4>經(jīng)審定的其他有關(guān)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)文件。</p><p>　　總之，我國(guó)對(duì)工程項(xiàng)目管理、工程量清單以及工程量進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格要求，為保證我國(guó)建筑行業(yè)的質(zhì)量和安全奠定了基礎(chǔ)。因此,改變?cè)泄こ淘靸r(jià)估算，概算，預(yù)算，合同價(jià)格，結(jié)算價(jià)，決算完成搬遷的。缺乏連續(xù)性的情況下, 以完善的控制水平，發(fā)展控制系統(tǒng)的投資項(xiàng)目, 投資建設(shè)項(xiàng)目,可以促進(jìn)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,適應(yīng)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化進(jìn)程。&l

23、t;/p><p>　　Project management professional foreign </p><p>　　language translation </p><p><b>　　Summary</b></p><p>　　The translation is mainly for project manag

24、ement professional project management, engineering, engineering and other professional terminology to explain, allowing themselves to have a better knowledge and understanding of project management major. At present, the

25、 world economy, then joined the World Trade Organization, so that there is a new breakthrough in all sorts, in order to enhance their international competitiveness, emphasis on hardware development at the same time, we c

26、annot ignore the </p><p>　　Key words: project management, Bill of quantities, quantities</p><p>　　Project management is to plan, organize activities with technological components, resource alloc

27、ation, as well as guidance and control of science and art. Consulting project of the Chinese Academy of engineering engineering management of the status quo of scientific research of engineering management in the report

28、has the following definition: project management is expected to achieve its objectives, the efficient use of resources, project decision making, planning, organizing, directing, coordi</p><p>　　Project manag

29、ement's goal is to achieve project success, is to meet successfully the requirements for a specific project, these requirements translate into the target.At the same time, project management is the project life-cycle

30、 management, including early decisions for engineering design and management, program management, construction management, operations, maintenance and management. In addition, project management is aimed at engineering a

31、pproach to systems management, through an ad hoc, f</p><p>　　1、Technology project</p><p>　　Management professional training with basic knowledge in management, economics and civil engineering te

32、chnology students during the study period, to accept the basic quality and training of engineers and economists, good engineering, management, economics, law, foreign languages, and a solid foundation of computer applica

33、tions. School of management in engineering management in the course of professional training, also provides the appropriate conditions, students according to their ability, to p</p><p>　　A lot of people beli

34、eve that project management is a simple management discipline, project management needs to learn more than just a management idea, also requires a certain degree of knowledge of engineering and mathematics.</p>&l

35、t;p>　　2、Training requirements</p><p>　　In the professional learning, should understand this basic equation is "project management = economic+ management of engineering", of course, by no means

36、a simple sum, but some basic skills:</p><p>　　(1) Master in civil engineering technology-oriented theoretical knowledge and practical skills;</p><p>　　(2) To acquire the relevant management theo

37、ry and methods;</p><p>　　(3) Control of economic theory;</p><p>　　(4) Acquire the relevant laws and regulations; </p><p>　　(5)With the theoretical knowledge and practical abilities

38、in engineering management; </p><p>　　(6) Has a reading ability to project management professional foreign language documents;</p><p>　　(7) With the use of computer-assisted project management pr

39、oblem-solving abilities; </p><p>　　(8) With strong scientific research capabilities. In General, project management emphasis on scientific management, for those strong interpersonal communication skills, and

40、 good reason to think the candidates. </p><p>　　3、Cultivation and training objectives in the field </p><p>　　This professional training objective is the modernization of training needs, the need

41、s of development, with basic knowledge such as engineering and economic management, legal, access to basic training of engineers, with a strong practical ability, creativity, organization and management of advanced proje

42、ct management talents. Project management professional and national registered supervision engineers, State-registered cost engineer knowledge structures of integration into the professional dire</p><p>　　4、

43、The employment situation </p><p>　　Of engineering management major areas of employment involved in construction, engineering, construction and management, property management, and financial management, hotel

44、s, trade and industry sectors. This specialty involves high demand for talents in the field of employment more widespread. Securities from banks to hotels, from construction to real estate development companies will need

45、 to replenish large amounts of engineering construction management and related professional talents, talents</p><p>　　In recent years due to the development of the market economy needs review formulated a se

46、ries of relevant employment policy, for　professional development and create a more favorable market environment and perfect professionals, especially college graduates stand out on the market mechanism. Beijing, which fo

47、llows the recruitment of foreign talent rules and other policies, so that professionals in the field remain road to Beijing to further expand. Favourable policy for talent, including engaging</p><p>　　With t

48、his professional real estate industry is one of the major areas of employment-related industry. The trend in this industry with improving the overall situation of the national economy gradually towards orgasm, residentia

49、l investment and market demand overall look good. In 2000, Beijing completed investment of 3.46 billion yuan in the first quarter In the long run, completed an increase will fall and demand areas will rise, optimism the

50、supply and demand situation. Budget homes, distinctive</p><p>　　Besides, in engineering management project in the, engineering volume list is completed construction engineering needs implementation of all po

51、ints items and engineering number of detail list, it is will design drawings and owners on project of construction requires and requires contractors people completed of work conversion into many article detail points ite

52、ms and number of table single format, each article points items description called a list project or list points items, it also reflect h</p><p>　　Engineering quantity list price bidders is to complete proje

53、ct, on project basis for valuation. Bill of quantities provided by the tenderer for bidders to provide a competitive quote on an equal basis. Introduced engineering volume list pricing is established open, and just, and

54、fair of engineering pricing and bid of market environment, gradually settlement fixed pricing in the and engineering construction market not phase adapted of factors, deepening construction engineering tender bid work of

55、</p><p>　　Quantities are expressed in physical units of measurement or natural units of measurement of building works or structural elements of physical quantities. Engineering is the engineering quantity li

56、st, direct costs of construction projects, organization of preparation of construction organization, construction progress, the preparation of materials supply plans, statistical work and achieve economic accounting basi

57、s. Its computation is an important and detailed process, computation, except pursua</p><p>　　In short, our project management, quantities and quantities are strictly required, in order to ensure the quality

58、and safety of the construction industry in China laid the foundations. Therefore, changing the original project cost estimates, budget, budgeting, contract prices, clearing, accounts to complete the relocation. Case of l