放牧家畜（牛）在植物個體與斑塊水平采食行為的研究.pdf

1、東北師范大學碩士學位論文放牧家畜（牛）在植物個體與斑塊水平采食行為的研究姓名：周艷春申請學位級別：碩士專業(yè)：生態(tài)學指導教師：王德利20050501AbstractTheforaginglocationofinthepatchandnonpatchareainshorttermwasstudiedwithcattleasexperimentalanimalinthetarg武edgrazingsystemLeymuscheninsisme

2、adowMoreoverforagingstrategiesofcattle，whichwasexpectedtoprovidetheoreticalbasefortheoriesofforagingbehaviouranddecision—makinggistofgrasslandgrazingmanagesystemwasinvestigatedbasedontheparametersofforagingbehaviorsuchas

3、bitesize，intake，intakerateandforagingtimeResultsoftheexperimentwereasfollows：(11CatticforagedintheplantpatchiftherewaspatchintheplantcommunityForagingtimewasshortinthenonpatchareabecausetherewasanecessaryprocessforanimal

4、toadaptivetostrangeenvironment(2)ForagingbehaviourofcattlewasinfluencedbythenumberofpatchinplantcommunityTheshiftfrequencybetweenthepatchareaandthenonpatchareaincreasedwitlltheriseofthenumberofthepatchHowevercattlespentm

5、uchtimeonforaginginthepatchareas，especiallythelargerpatchwhentheyfirstemeredtheexperimentalplots(3)Bitesizeintakeandintakeratedecreasedwiththeextensionofthepatchareainthepatcharea’butreverseinthenonpatchareaButthebitesiz

6、etendedtodecreasewhenthepatchareawentbeyondthelimitationof100m。Tbtalforagingbitesofcattleincreasedwiththeextensionofthepatchareabutdi任jrentinthenonpatchareaandinthepatchareaBiresizesofcattledecreasedwiththeeniargememofpa

7、tchareainnonpatchareabutinthepatchareawereonthecontraryTherewerenosignificantdifferencesforforagingtimeandbiterateamongdifierentexperimentalplots，whichindicatingthattheforagingtimeofcattlewasrelativelystablef4)cattictend

8、edtofoeusonthelargerpatchwhenthenumberofthepatchincreasedtherebytookmuchtimeonforaginginlargerpatchandhadthelargerbitesCattledidnotforagedontheothersmallerpatchwhenthepatchesexceededthreeinshorttermTotalbitesizeofcattlei

9、nallexperimentalplotsincreasedwhenthesizeofthepatchincrcasedas280686694and8869Foragingtimethat也ecattlespentindifferentexperimentalplotswassimilarMOleOV％thebiterateincreasedwiththeriseofthenumberofthepatchanditreachedtheh

10、i商estvalue(O88b／s)intheplantcommunitywithfivepatchesIntakerate(71071738421791247879)andbitesizen894385577489／曲alsoincreased謝ththeincreaseofnumberofpatch(5)Biterateofcattlef092b／s)waslargerintheplantcommunity、vithmiddlede

11、nseandwithlowergrasspatchAndbiteratef062b心waslowestintheplantcommunitywithlessdenseandhighergrassBiterateofcattleishighestinthemoderaterelativebiomassofdominantspeciespatch(6)Foragingstrategiesofcattlewerethatthecattlema

12、inlyforagedinthepatchareaandtheirforagingtimeandbitesincreasedgraduallywimtheerdargementofthepatchareaCattlealsoforagedinothersmailerpatchbesidestheymorefavoredthelargerpatchifthereweremanypatehesforcattletochooseBasedon

13、“patchsize”theauthorputforwardtheforagingstrategiesofcattleandperfectedthetheoryofR工f71So，inordertoincreasetheintakepeopleshouldenhanceswarddensityinthecourseofplantinggrassandpayattentiontouniformityofswardKeywords：catt