在線圖書管理系統(tǒng)外文文獻(xiàn)原文及譯文

1、 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書英文文獻(xiàn)及中文翻譯班 級(jí)： 學(xué)號(hào)： 姓 名： 學(xué) 院： 專 業(yè)： 指導(dǎo)教師： 2014 年 6 月軟件學(xué)院軟件工程foun

2、d that C++ was unsuitable, we designed Java as closely to C++ as possible in order to make the system more comprehensible. Java omits many rarely used, poorly understood,

3、 confusing features of C++ that, in our experience, bring more grief than benefit. The syntax for Java is, indeed, a cleaned-up version of the syntax for C++. There is no need f

4、or header files, pointer arithmetic (or even a pointer syntax), structures, unions, operator overloading, virtual base classes, and so on. (See the C++ notes interspersed throughout th

5、e text for more on the differences between Java and C++.) The designers did not, however, attempt to fix all of the clumsy features of C++. For example, the syn- tax of the switch state

6、ment is unchanged in Java. If you know C++, you will find the tran- sition to the Java syntax easy. If you are used to a visual programming environment (such as Visual Basic), you will not find Java simp

7、le. There is much strange syntax (though it does not take long to get the hang of it). More important, you must do a lot more programming in Java. The beauty of Visual Basic is that its visual design environment almost a

8、utomatically pro- vides a lot of the infrastructure for an application. The equivalent functionality must be programmed manually, usually with a fair bit of code, in Java. There are, ho

9、wever, third-party development environments that provide “drag-and-drop”-style program development. Another aspect of being simple is being small. One of the goals of Java is to enable

10、 the construction of software that can run stand-alone in small machines. The size of the basic interpreter and class support is about 40K bytes; adding the basic stan-

11、 dard libraries and thread support (essentially a self-contained microkernel) adds an additional 175K. This was a great achievement at the time. Of course,

12、the library has since grown to huge proportions. There is now a separate Java Micro Edition with a smaller library, suitable for embedded devices. Object Oriented Simply stated, object

13、-oriented design is a technique for programming that focuses on the data (= objects) and on the interfaces to that object. To make an analogy with carpentry, an “object-o

14、riented” carpenter would be mostly concerned with the chair he was building, and secondarily with the tools used to make it; a “non-object- oriented” carpenter would think primarily of his tools.