[雙語翻譯]智能建筑外文翻譯—智能建筑基于多智能體系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)思考（原文）

1、See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320015943Intelligent Buildings: Considerations for its Design using Multiagent SystemsChapter · January 2

2、017CITATION1READS892 authors:Carlos Rizo MaestreUniversity of Alicante11 PUBLICATIONS 1 CITATION SEE PROFILEFrancisco José Mora LizánUniversity of Alicante8 PUBLICATIONS 41 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEAll cont

3、ent following this page was uploaded by Carlos Rizo Maestre on 25 September 2017.The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.? Security and Structure. It consists of several important parameter elements in

4、 a smart building. Elements include earthquake monitoring, structural monitoring, terrorist attack precaution plan, fire protection, electrical safety, lift reliability, public notices, escape plan, essential electric

5、al power, preventive maintenance of building systems, indoor air quality, security management system, risk management, safety and crowd control, etc. ? Building Management. Including Operation and Maintenance of

6、 Construction Services, High Technology, Security and Surveillance, Controls, Management Planning, Water Supply and Drainage, Environmental Protection, etc. In general, this section would include the cost of the life

7、 cycle of a building. ? Healthy Building. It is particularly interesting in the evaluation of residential buildings. The groups of elements include, drinking water and washing system, drainage, toilet, parking and ele

8、vator ventilation, smell, cleaning, waste management, pest control, filtration in swimming pools, etc. All these elements have different influence in the building depending on its use, offices of work, residential, co

9、mmercial, etc. In any of them, the increasing weight and set of these elements contribute to the consideration of Intelligent Building. At the design level, we can consider two types of elements, those that make up th

10、e classic architectural design and those that make up the architectural design based on the information management that is generated in the building. In the following of the article we are going to see the multiagent

11、 systems to use them for the architectural design based on the information management that is generated in the building. II. MULTIAGENT SYSTEMS In the field of intelligent building design, we must have mechanisms to

12、integrate sensors, actuators, different automatic control systems and information capture. MultiAgent Systems (MAS) form a community of interdependent elements that act individually. From the moment that a group of e

13、lements, in this case agents, assume to act in group forming systems, the capacity to negotiate and to coordinate different tasks is necessary. In many cases the use of individual agents is not just as suitable for al

14、l situations that occur in practice. Solving a problem using an individual agent causes major constraints. An individual agent requires an enormous amount of knowledge to solve complex problems. In the worst case, the

15、 problem can be so complex that an agent cannot find a useful solution. Even when the individual agent can solve a problem, it always presents a bottleneck in terms of speed, reliability, flexibility and modularity.

16、Multi-agent systems offer a method to avoid the problematic situations described. In a multi-agent system, several independent autonomous agents are active [9]. Each of these agents is dedicated to their own objectiv

17、es and only contacts the other agents to obtain information, or to contribute to a coordinated solution of a general problem. In both situations, each individual agent has a specific task for which it is adequate and w

18、hose solution does not exceed its capabilities. This allows for the processing of complex problems. Multi-agent systems provide a great advantage: they allow the integration of existing agents into a large system. Th

19、erefore, solving a problem does not require the design and development of a new specialized agent, instead, the knowledge of existing agents can be used by combining them into a multi-agent system and allowing them to

20、 work together to solve the problem. III. INTERACTION BETWEEN AGENTS In a multi-agent system, an agent must anticipate the actions of the other agents in their own planning task and how it can influence the actions o

21、f other agents in benefit of their own objectives. The effects of the actions of other agents on our agent may be favorable, neutral or detrimental to our agent's objectives. To influence what another agent will

22、do we will need methods for an agent to communicate with another agent. The simplest kind of agent interaction would be the one in which our agent reacts to the effects of the environment generated by other agents as

23、they occur and perceive them. These are reactive agents. In this case, there would be no explicit communication between them, nor would we need models of the other agents. If our agent has to take into account the ac

24、tivity of the other agents, you will need to have models that you can use to predict how these will behave and use them when building your own plans. The model of the agent, along with the mechanism to use it and sel

25、ect the actions, is called cognitive structure. Often, the cognitive structure also includes the agent's goals and intentions [10]. All this we will deal with in more detail in section 3 when talking about the arc

26、hitectures of agents. Some basic characteristics of multi-agent systems are: (1) Each agent has a limited view of the state of the world, ie, has incomplete information. (2) There is no global control, the control of

27、the system is distributed. (3) The information is decentralized. (4) The computation is asynchronous. In a multi-agent system, we can find in situations of cooperation or competition. In the first case, the agents wil

28、l have to be able to combine their efforts, usually to obtain solutions of problems that the agent itself is not able to find (CMAS Cooperative Multiagent Systems). On the other hand, from the moment we have agents w

29、ho fulfill our orders, other people will have agents who will fulfill theirs. And while our agents want the best for us, those of others will also try their best for their owners (SMAS Self- Interested Multiagent Syst

30、ems). In the latter type of systems negotiation strategies play a preponderant role that allow to resolve conflicts, assign tasks and take. Interaction protocols (AIP, “Agent Interaction Protocols“) are often quit

31、e complex. An inter-agent interaction protocol describes a communication pattern as an International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)ISSN: 2278-0181 http://www.ijert.orgIJERTV6IS040029 (This work