[雙語翻譯]外文翻譯--馬來西亞公司董事會獨立性與會計穩(wěn)健性（英文）

1、 Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 164 ( 2014 ) 403 – 408 Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect1877-0428 © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article

2、 under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia. doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2

3、014.11.095 International Conference on Accounting Studies 2014, ICAS 2014, 18-19 August 2014, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Board independence and accounting conservatism in Malaysian companies Noor Afza Amran*, Kamarul Bahra

4、in Abdul Manaf School of Accountancy, Universiti Utara Malaysia, 06010 UUM Sintok, Kedah, Malaysia Abstract This paper examines the relationship between board independence and accounting conservatism among Malaysian comp

5、anies in year 2000 until 2012. What triggers the researchers to carry out this study is that studies found that the implementation of Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance to Malaysian companies has created a higher c

6、onfidence level to investors and enhances the company’s image. Further, one of the elements of good corporate governance is the board independence. However, few studies discuss on accounting conservatism. It is argued

7、that accounting conservatism is an effective mechanism to address the agency problem. Based on the findings, interestingly, this study found that higher board independence does not align with higher conservatism. Inste

8、ad, the independent non-executive directors do not actually have the power of ‘independence’, monitoring and advising the board of directors. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under respon

9、sibility of the School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia. Keywords: Board independence, accounting conservatism, Malaysia. 1. Introduction The Malaysian Code of Corporate Governance was issue

10、d in March 2000. It marked a significant milestone in corporate governance reforms in Malaysia. The Code became effective through the revamped Listing Requirements of the KLSE in January 2001. Since the release of the

11、Code, the Malaysian corporate scene has ?????????? ?* Corresponding author. Tel.: +60194001118. E-mail address: afza@uum.edu.my © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under th

12、e CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of the School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia.405Noor Afza Amran and Kamarul Bah

13、rain Abdul Manaf / Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 164 ( 2014 ) 403 – 408 ? ? ?2.2 Accounting conservatism In relation to corporate governance issues, accounting conservatism is an effective mechanism t

14、o reduce agency problem as it curbs managers’ opportunistic behaviour. It reduces the ability of managers to overstate earnings and net assets (Watts, 2003). Furthermore, accounting conservatism discourages managers to

15、 invest in negative NPV projects or poorly performing investments as they are unable to defer recognition of losses to the future (Ball Ahmed Lara, Osma Weisbach, 1988; Byrd Craven Abdul Rahman Ahmed Lim, 2011).