book-1--unit-5

1、Ⅰ.寫作必記單詞1. n.品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；性質(zhì)2. adj.積極的；活躍的 _______vi.行為；行動 ;表演__________n.行為；行動____________n.活動；運(yùn)動 ________n.演員 3. vt. 獻(xiàn)身；投身于 adj.忠實(shí)的；深愛的_________n.獻(xiàn)身；忠誠4. ad

2、j.和平的；平靜的；安寧的 ______ n.和平5. self n.自己 adj.自私的 adj.無私的；忘我的,quality,1,active,devote,devoted,peaceful,peace,selfish,devotion,selfless,act,action,activity,actor,5. vt.& vi.投票；選舉 n.投票；

3、選票；表決 ______n.投票人6. vt.進(jìn)攻；抨擊；攻擊 under attack受到攻擊7. adj.相等的；平等的 __________n.平等；相等8. adj.樂意的；自愿的____________adj./adv.不樂意的 ______n.意愿；遺愿9. vi.& vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；(氣體、

4、液體等)泄漏；忘記事情10. vi.請求；乞求 ______n.乞丐11. n.報(bào)酬；獎(jiǎng)金 vt.酬勞；獎(jiǎng)賞12. _________________ n.意見；看法；主張,vote,attack,equal,willing,escape,beg,reward,opinion/view/point of view,equality,will,un

5、willing(ly）,beggar,voter,Ⅱ.閱讀識記單詞13.mean adj._______________________14.generous adj._______________15.self n.___________ adj.自私的 adj.無私的；忘我的16.found vt.___________17.principle n.__

6、_______________18.lawyer n._____,吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的,慷慨的；大方的,自我；自身,selfish,selfless,建立；建設(shè),法則；原則；原理,律師,19.guidance n.___________ 20.president n._______________________21.legal adj.___________________ adj.非法的22

7、.violence n.___________ ___________adj.暴力的；猛烈的23.educate vt.____________ adj.受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的24.relative n.___________25.sentence vt.____________,指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo),總統(tǒng)；會長；校長；行長,法律的；依照法律的,illegal,暴力；暴行,教育；訓(xùn)練,educat

8、ed,親戚；親屬,判決；宣判,violent,語境活用　[用所給詞的正確形式填空]1.He did not compromise easily，but was (will) to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016·江蘇)2. (hope) that gives you a good

9、 start.Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國Ⅱ)3.Project ORBIS also aims at promoting (peace) cooperation among countries.(2014·江西)4.She plans to start

10、 a (found) for homeless children and wants to build a community centre in Waterhouse.(2016·江蘇),willing,Hopefully,peaceful,foundation “基金會”,5.Stay in (act) communication with your fr

11、iend.(2016·浙江)6.Practise under the (guide) of some experienced writers and teachers who can help you with basic writing skills.(2014·湖南),active,guidance,1. 失業(yè)2.

12、 事實(shí)上3. 使充氣；爆炸 4. 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5. 求助于；致力于6. 喪失勇氣或信心7. 上臺；當(dāng)權(quán),2,out of work,as a matter of fact/in fact,blow up,in trouble,turn to,lose heart,come to power,8

13、. 設(shè)立；建立；搭起9. 被判處……(徒刑)10. 在某人看來,set up,be sentenced to,in one’s opinion,語境活用　[運(yùn)用上述短語完成片段]The situation has become worse and worse since the new government 1.

14、 (上臺；執(zhí)政).I am 2. (失業(yè))；I don’t know whom to 3. (求助于).I thought of my headteacher one day，who always encouraged us not to 4. (失去信心) and be hopeful about the future

15、 when we are 5. (處境困難).,came to power,out of work,turn to,lose heart,in trouble,1.不定式作定語 He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個(gè)登上月球的人。仿寫　張衡是世界上發(fā)明地震儀的第一人。(2016·北京)Z

16、hang Heng was the first man the seismograph.,3,to invent,2.where引導(dǎo)定語從句...until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.……直到今天我們到了幾乎沒有任何權(quán)利的地步。 仿寫　我們到了這樣一個(gè)階段：為了挽救我們自己我們必須開始采取有效措施來保護(hù)環(huán)境。(20

17、16·北京) we must start taking effective measures to protect the environment so as to save ourselves.,We have reached a stage where,3.“only＋狀語(從句)”引起的倒裝...only the

18、n did we decide to answer violence with violence.……直到那時(shí)，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。仿寫　只有父母和孩子都改變態(tài)度，這種不利局面才能改善。(2016·上海)Only when both parents and children change their attitudes ______________________________________.,can th

19、is,unfavorable situation be improved,4.the first time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我感覺很糟。仿寫　我還記得上次你來我們學(xué)校參觀時(shí)，你向我展示了關(guān)于那個(gè)主題的一些照片。(2016·全國Ⅱ)I remember you showed me some photos on

20、 that theme you visited our school.,the last time,,,直擊重點(diǎn)　突破考點(diǎn),邊講邊練　突破核心詞匯,自主訓(xùn)練　突破常考詞匯,點(diǎn)撥規(guī)律　突破經(jīng)典句型,(1)He’s devoted most of his time to his painting.他把大部分時(shí)間都用來搞繪畫創(chuàng)作。(麥克米倫高階)(2)Only when we realize the importanc

21、e of helping each other can we ____________ building a harmonious society.只有當(dāng)我們意識到互相幫助的重要性，我們才能致力于建設(shè)一個(gè)和諧社會。,,devote vt.獻(xiàn)身于；致力于；專心致志于；把……用于,突破核心詞匯,邊講邊練,be devoted to,(1)devote...to...把……致力于……，專心于……的；把……用于……(2)devoted a

22、dj.忠實(shí)的，忠誠的be devoted to致力于，獻(xiàn)身于；熱愛……(3)devotion n.奉獻(xiàn)；關(guān)照,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[用devote的正確形式填空](1)He is highly thought of because of his to duty.(2)His life is one to the people.寫作能力提升——[句式升級](3)He devoted himself to commun

23、ity activities and was praised by the people around.① ，he was praised by the people around.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語改寫)② ，he was praised by the people around.(用過去分詞短語作狀語改寫),層級訓(xùn)練,devotion,devoted,Devoting himself

24、to community activities,Devoted to community activities,(1)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal.實(shí)際上，當(dāng)談到戰(zhàn)爭的藝術(shù)時(shí)，螞蟻無與倫比。(2015·安徽)(2)I believe he the occasion.我相信他能應(yīng)付這種場合。(3)He

25、 is a player .他是個(gè)無與倫比的運(yùn)動員。,,equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相當(dāng)?shù)?；能勝任?n.同等的人；相等物 v.與……相等，等于；比得上；抵得過,is equal to,without equal,be equal in在……方面比得上be equal to sth./doing sth.等于……；與……相等；勝任……on equal terms在對等

26、的條件下without equal/have no equal無與倫比,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[單句語法填空](1)He is equal Tom in ability.(2)The two countries had a conversation equal terms.(3)Women are still struggling for true (equal) with men.

27、寫作能力提升——[一句多譯](4)他能勝任這項(xiàng)工作。①He the job.(equal)②He the job.(up to)③He the job.(fit)④He the job.(qualified),層級訓(xùn)練,to,on,equality,is equal to,is up to,is fit for,is qua

28、lified to do/for doing,(1)Fortunately，Natalie’s family escaped to Brooklyn shortly before the city’s bridges closed.幸運(yùn)的是，娜塔利一家人在城市橋梁關(guān)閉前不久就逃到了布魯克林區(qū)。(2016·北京)(2)Mike often attempts to ________________whenever he br

29、eaks traffic regulations.無論什么時(shí)候違反交通規(guī)則，邁克總是設(shè)法逃避罰款。,,escape v.逃脫；逃走；逃避；被遺忘；(氣體、液體等)泄漏 n.逃脫；逃避；解脫；漏出,escape being fined,(1)escape from從……逃脫；逃避……escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事(2)a narrow escape九死一生,注意下面兩個(gè)短語的區(qū)

30、別：escape from prison越獄escape prison逃過牢獄之災(zāi),基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[寫出下列句子中escape的漢語意思](1)I’m sorry，but your name escapes me. (2)How will we know if there’s any gas escaping？ ___________ (3)The cinema allowed people t

31、o escape from the depressing realities of their lives. __________ (4)Three people died in the fire，but John escaped through the bedroom window. ______,層級訓(xùn)練,被遺忘；被忽略,流出；泄漏,逃避(現(xiàn)實(shí)),逃脫,寫作能力提升——[一句多譯

32、](5)你很幸運(yùn)逃脫了懲罰。①You are lucky to .②You are lucky to .,escape punishment,escape being punished,,(1)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with succes

33、s in the end.學(xué)生們一直努力學(xué)習(xí)功課，他們的付出最終會獲得成功的。(2016·北京)(2)The government him saving the child.政府因他救了那個(gè)小孩而獎(jiǎng)賞他。,reward v.酬謝；獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，獎(jiǎng)賞 n.獎(jiǎng)金；回報(bào)；報(bào)酬,rewarded,for,reward sb. for sth.因某事而獎(jiǎng)賞/酬謝某人rew

34、ard sb. with sth.用某物回報(bào)某人in reward for 為獎(jiǎng)賞……；為報(bào)答……as a reward for作為對……的獎(jiǎng)賞/回報(bào),reward，award，prize(1)reward作名詞表示“賞金，獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)”或一些非金錢的報(bào)酬；作動詞時(shí)則表示“獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，酬謝”，只能以人或人的行為作賓語。(2)award作名詞指“獎(jiǎng)品，獎(jiǎng)金等”；作動詞表示“授予，給予；判給”，可以跟雙賓語，award sb. sth.把某物授予

35、/判給某人。(3)prize只能作名詞，表示“獎(jiǎng)賞，獎(jiǎng)金，獎(jiǎng)品”，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽(yù)。,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[用reward，award，prize的正確形式填空](1)He was a scholarship as a ，which was also a of his diligence.寫作能力提升——[一句多譯](2)我送給他一本書來答謝他的幫助。①

36、 .(reward n.)② .(reward v.),層級訓(xùn)練,awarded,prize,reward,I gave him a book in reward for/as a reward for his help,I

37、rewarded him with a book for his help,(1)Nobody seems to understand，I don’t know who to turn to.似乎沒有人懂這個(gè)，我不知道該向誰求教。(朗文詞典)(2)They to look after their sick father in the hospital.他們輪流照顧生病住院的父親。,,turn to 轉(zhuǎn)身；求助于；致力

38、于；翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向,take turns,turn to sb. for help向某人求助turn out結(jié)果是；證明是；(為看熱鬧)蜂擁而至take turns to do.../in doing...輪流做……in turn依次；逐個(gè)；相應(yīng)地by turns 輪流地；交替地,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[單句語法填空](1)The weather was mild and rainy turns throughout t

39、he week.(2)Thousands of people turned to watch yesterday’s match against Ireland.(3)We are at your service.Don’t hesitate to turn us if you have any further problems.(4)He asked each of us turn to descr

40、ibe how alcohol had affected our lives.,層級訓(xùn)練,by,out,to,in,寫作能力提升——[一句多譯](5)當(dāng)你處于困境的時(shí)候，你可以向我求助。①When you are in trouble，.(turn)②When you are in trouble， .(ask),you can turn to me,you can ask me for help,[單

41、句語法填空](1)Trump (vote) the most promising new president of the U.S.A.(2)If we can’t agree，we’ll have to vote it.(3)Fearing that most of the citizens voted him，he wore a smile.(4)A majority of staff

42、voted (accept) the offer of an 8% pay rise.,,vote v.投票，選舉，表決；建議 n.選票；投票；表決,突破常考詞匯,自主訓(xùn)練,was voted,on,against,to accept,vote sb. sth.選出/推舉某人擔(dān)任某職務(wù)；表決授獎(jiǎng)給某人vote for投票贊成vote against投票反對vote on就……投票表決vote t

43、o do...表決做……,(1)I found I’ve you.(2)My grandfather became fierce when he .(3)We’ve kept waiting for almost an hour.I’m beginning to _______________.(4)When you fail，you should never .,,[短語填空]

44、,lose heart灰心；泄氣；喪失信心,lose heart，lose one’s temper，lose one’s heart to，lose one’s patience,lost my heart to,lost his temper,lose my,patience,lose heart,(1)For 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something to

45、 eat!25天中，她寸步不離她的孩子，甚至不去找東西吃！(2016·四川)(2)I caught the bus with only a few seconds .我在離開車只剩數(shù)秒時(shí)趕上了公交車。,,句型：不定式作定語,He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.1969年7月，他成為第一個(gè)登上月球的人。,突破經(jīng)典句型,點(diǎn)

46、撥規(guī)律,to spare,(1)動詞不定式可以用來修飾人和物，一般置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，即作后置定語。(2)當(dāng)被修飾成分前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級及the only，the very修飾時(shí)，常用不定式作定語。(3)to come將來的；to spare剩余的。這兩個(gè)短語常放在時(shí)間名詞后面作后置定語。(4)一些特定名詞，如ability，chance，ambition，offer，anxiety，answer，reply，at

47、tempt，belief后，常跟不定式作定語。(5)作定語的動詞如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后面須有相應(yīng)的介詞。,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[單句語法填空](1)The captain is the last (leave) the ship.(2)Would you like something (drink)?(3)Volunteering gives

48、you a chance (change) lives，including your own.[單句改錯(cuò)](4)At present，I have a comfortable house to live.,層級訓(xùn)練,∧ in,to leave,to drink,to change,寫作能力提升——[高考小作文](5)許多人都知道居里夫人(Marie Curie)是獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的第一位女士，同時(shí)也是第一個(gè)兩次

49、獲此殊榮的人。___________________________________________________________________________________________________,Most people know that Marie Curie is the first woman to win the Nobel Prize，and the first person to win it twic

50、e.,(1)Only in this way can we hold the activity perfectly.只有這樣我們才能順利舉行這次活動。(2016·全國Ⅱ)(2)Only by saying polite words others.只有說話禮貌你才能和其他人相處得好。(2014·江西)(3) the truth.只有當(dāng)他下班回來后，

51、我們才知道真相。,,句型：“only＋狀語(從句)”引起的倒裝,...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……直到那時(shí)，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。,can you get on well with,Only when he returned from work did we know,“only＋副詞、介詞短語、從句”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝形式。,(1)

52、“only＋從句”放在句首時(shí)，倒裝的是主句，從句不倒裝。(2)only修飾主語時(shí)不倒裝。,基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[單句改錯(cuò)](1)Only when we had studied the data again we realize that there was a mistake.寫作能力提升——[完成句子](2)只有用上你全部的時(shí)間和精力，你才能把這項(xiàng)工作做好。Only with all your time and energy

53、 .,層級訓(xùn)練,∧did,can you do this job well,(3)只有以這種方式我們才能學(xué)好英語。Only in this way .(4)只有知道密碼的人才能讀到這則信息。(2016·全國Ⅰ)Only people who know the keyword .,can we learn English well,can read the message,(1

54、)Li Bai expressed his emotions in poems directly every time he was frustrated by his unsuccessful career.每當(dāng)李白官場失意而郁郁寡歡時(shí)，他就在詩中直抒胸臆。(2016·北京)(2)He paid back the money he owed us .他一回到家就把欠我們的錢還上了。,,句

55、型：the first time引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我感覺很糟。,immediately he returned home,the first time作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。類似的還有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the m

56、onth，the year，each/every/next/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。,for the first time在句中只能作狀語，不具有連詞功能，不能用來引導(dǎo)狀語從句。For the first time，I feel good about myself because I’m doing something.因?yàn)橛惺驴勺?，我第一次感到身心輕松自在。(20

57、16·北京),基礎(chǔ)知識訓(xùn)練——[單句改錯(cuò)](1)Naturally，you were nervous when you went on the platform the first time.寫作能力提升——[句式升級](2)I fell in love with you the moment I saw you.①I fell in love with you .(用as soon as改寫)

58、②I fell in love with you .(用以­-ly結(jié)尾的連詞改寫),層級訓(xùn)練,∧for,as soon as I saw you,immediately/directly/instantly I saw you,,,教材升華　綜合運(yùn)用,Ⅰ.教材與語法填空Elias，a poor black worker in South Africa，s

59、aid that the time 1._____ he first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of his life.In 1952，he went to see Mandela,2. black lawyer，for advice.Mandela was generous with his time，for which Elias was very gratefu

60、l. Elias began school at six，but he had to leave school two years later 3. his family couldn’t afford the school fees and the bus fare.,when,a,because,As a result，he had very little 4. (educate).After trying ha

61、rd，he got a job in a gold mine.5. ，to live in Johannesburg，one had got to have a passbook.Not having one because he was not born there，he worried about 6. he would become out of work. Then Mande

62、la helped him，telling him how to get the correct papers 7._______(stay) in Johannesburg.He became more hopeful about his future and later joined the ANC Youth League 8. (organize) by Mandela.Just as Mandela put it，t

63、he blacks were so 9. (bad) treated that they had reached a stage where they had almost no rights at all.,education,However,whether,to stay,organized,badly,In 1963，he helped Mandela blow up some government buildi

64、ngs.He knew that only 10. answering violence with violence could they achieve their dream of making black and white people equal.,by,THE REST OF ELIAS’ STORY You cannot imagine what the name of Robben Island

65、 made us afraid. It was a prison from where no one escaped. There I spent the hardest time of my life. But when I get there Nelson Mandela was also there and he helped me.Mr.Mandela began a school for those of us who ha

66、d few learning.,how,which,got,little,Ⅱ.教材與短文改錯(cuò),He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evening when we should have been asleep. We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find make candles to see th

67、e words. I became a good student. I wanted to study for my degree and I was not allowed to do that. Later，Mr. Mandela allowed the prison guards to join in us.,∧to,but,evenings,He said they should not be stopped from stu

68、dying for their degrees.They were not clever than me，but they did pass their exams.So I knew I could get a degree too. That made me feel good about me.,cleverer,myself,Ⅲ.教材與微寫作寫作素材(關(guān)于人物介紹)1.作為律師，我熱愛我的工作。2.我相信法律面前人人平等。

69、3.在大家處于困境時(shí)，我樂意不計(jì)報(bào)酬為大家提供幫助。4.事實(shí)上，很多人就法律問題向我求助。提示：加藍(lán)部分用本單元詞匯表達(dá)，并且請使用when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。,連句成篇(將以上句子連成一篇50詞左右的英語短文),As a lawyer，I am devoted to my job and I believe all people are equal before the law.I’m willing to give a han