汽車專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯-- srs 安全氣囊和空調(diào)系統(tǒng)

1、<p>　　本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）翻譯</p><p>　　英文原文名 SRS Airbag and Air Conditioning system </p><p>　　中文譯名 SRS 安全氣囊和空調(diào)系統(tǒng) </p><p>　　系 別 汽車系

2、 </p><p>　　專業(yè)班級(jí) 車輛2班 </p><p>　　學(xué)生姓名 </p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師 </p><p>　　填表日期 </p><p><

3、;b>　　二〇一一年3月</b></p><p>　　英文原文版出處： 新編汽車專業(yè)英語(yǔ) 機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社 2009年1月第2版 </p><p>　　譯文成績(jī)： 指導(dǎo)教師（導(dǎo)師組）簽名： </p

4、><p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p>　　SRS安全氣囊和空調(diào)系統(tǒng)</p><p>　　短文 A：SRS安全氣囊 安全氣囊被稱為輔助約束系統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)代的汽車已成為較為普遍使用。這個(gè)包本身是由一個(gè)薄和尼龍布做成，折疊于方向盤或儀表板，或者更近，還有座椅或車門之間。如果裝有安全氣囊，方向盤套和儀表板蓋將通常會(huì)包含單詞”安全氣囊"

5、或”SRS 氣囊”加蓋到他們。    該傳感器檢測(cè)信號(hào)的影響下，安全氣囊充氣。至少有兩個(gè)傳感器必須被激活，安全氣囊才會(huì)充氣。通常有五個(gè)傳感器：兩個(gè)散熱器下，一個(gè)在右側(cè)擋泥板圍裙，一個(gè)在左邊的擋泥板圍裙，同時(shí)在車廂通道罩（少數(shù)系統(tǒng)只使用兩個(gè)傳感器——一個(gè)在散熱器的前面和另一個(gè)在乘客室里面）。傳感器之間有一個(gè)聯(lián)鎖，使兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上必須共同作用下才會(huì)觸發(fā)系統(tǒng)。安全氣囊系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)只部署在正面碰撞情況。

6、60;   在SRS安全氣囊充氣機(jī)包含了堅(jiān)實(shí)的化學(xué)氣體發(fā)生器。固體化學(xué)品的安全儲(chǔ)存在SRS安全氣囊模塊金屬腔里面。每個(gè)充氣都是密封的，防止有水分進(jìn)入。SRS 安全氣囊為了只部署在中度至大崩潰，而不應(yīng)部署在輕微的崩潰。</p><p>　　以下四個(gè)步驟說(shuō)明如何在SRS安全氣囊工作原理： 1。在碰撞，在汽車傳感器檢測(cè)突然減速。如果崩潰ID嚴(yán)重不足，電力流向，造成充氣的氣體發(fā)生器點(diǎn)火。 2。氣

7、體發(fā)生器然后迅速在金屬腔燃燒，快速燃燒產(chǎn)生的惰性氣體和粉塵量。充入的氣體和塵埃在安全氣囊的膨脹過(guò)程中冷卻和篩選。3。安全氣囊的膨脹裂開(kāi)的裝飾蓋。安全氣囊然后迅速展開(kāi)，并在乘客面前膨脹。 4。膨脹后，氣體通過(guò)通風(fēng)口或在安全氣囊打開(kāi)編織領(lǐng)域排出。采取這些步驟要在幾分之一秒內(nèi)。安全氣囊放氣在一秒鐘之內(nèi)就應(yīng)該被推開(kāi)，乘客就逃出來(lái)。如圖10 - 1 （安全氣囊是如何工作的） </p><p>　　注：Crash

8、 sensor碰撞傳感器； Inflator 氣體發(fā)生器；Airbag安全氣囊；Nitroger gas 氮?dú)?有一個(gè)普遍的誤解，安全氣囊提供軟墊，和將防止傷痕或其他低嚴(yán)重車禍中的受輕傷 ，這是不正確。SRS 安全氣囊為了減少對(duì)嚴(yán)重崩潰中的頭胸的峰值負(fù)載 （這些死亡或長(zhǎng)期在腦損傷有可能）。當(dāng)部署，安全氣囊是堅(jiān)固的，但它吸收能量的氣體通過(guò)通風(fēng)口釋放。 雖然安全氣囊在撞車顯著減少嚴(yán)重或致命傷害的危險(xiǎn)，還有來(lái)自于低速碰撞安

9、全氣囊的發(fā)展中的一些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。由于這個(gè)原因，現(xiàn)代汽車使用的智能感應(yīng)功能的范圍，以確保真正發(fā)生崩潰（不只是在路上顛簸或在停車場(chǎng)小碰撞），并在尋找安全氣囊的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。這就可以減少了部署輕微碰撞安全氣囊的可能性。 新的 SRS 安全氣囊系統(tǒng)前排乘客使用一個(gè)字第一雙氣筒、 兩級(jí)部署的系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)有兩個(gè)單獨(dú)的充氣器可以激活分別或同時(shí)，取決于車輛行駛速度和其他因素，如是否該乘客系著安全帶。如果在較低速度的影響，充氣器激活一個(gè)后，另一個(gè)用于速度較

10、慢的膨脹。較高的速度，這兩個(gè)充氣器同時(shí)激活快速、 有效的保護(hù)。如果系統(tǒng)檢測(cè)到系好安全帶時(shí)，通過(guò)調(diào)整安全氣囊</p><p><b>　　圖10-2</b></p><p><b>　　注：</b></p><p>　　1、4簾式安全氣囊系統(tǒng);</p><p>　　2、5側(cè)安全氣囊系統(tǒng)；</p&

11、gt;<p>　　3乘客安全氣囊系統(tǒng)；</p><p>　　6駕駛者安全氣囊系統(tǒng)</p><p>　　短文B：空調(diào)系統(tǒng)     車輛主要有三種不同類型的空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。雖然每一個(gè)不同的三種類型的概念和設(shè)計(jì)是非常相像的。組成這些汽車系統(tǒng)最常見(jiàn)的組件如下：</p><p>　　壓縮機(jī)，冷凝器，蒸發(fā)器，膨脹閥，儲(chǔ)液干燥器等見(jiàn)如圖

12、10 - 3。</p><p><b>　　注：</b></p><p>　　Air conditioning system 空調(diào)系統(tǒng)；</p><p>　　Receiver-drier 儲(chǔ)液干燥器；</p><p>　　Condenser 冷凝器 </p><p>　　Compressor 壓

13、縮機(jī) </p><p>　　Expansion valve 膨脹閥； </p><p>　　Evaporator 蒸發(fā)器    </p><p>　　壓縮機(jī)     通常被稱為系統(tǒng)的心臟，壓縮機(jī)的皮帶驅(qū)動(dòng)泵，固定在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。負(fù)責(zé)制冷劑氣體的壓縮和傳輸。看看一個(gè)在圖10 - 4壓縮機(jī)的結(jié)構(gòu)。 &l

14、t;/p><p><b>　　注：</b></p><p>　　Piston 活塞；</p><p>　　Wobble plate 擋板； </p><p>　　Clutch 離合器</p><p>　　在A / C系統(tǒng)分為兩個(gè)方面，一個(gè)高壓側(cè)和低壓側(cè)，定義為排放和抽吸。由于壓縮機(jī)基本上是一個(gè)泵，它

15、必須有一進(jìn)氣側(cè)和一排氣側(cè)。進(jìn)氣側(cè)或者吸力側(cè)，吸引了制冷劑氣體來(lái)自蒸發(fā)器的出口。在某些情況下，它可以通過(guò)蓄電池來(lái)完成。朗讀顯示對(duì)應(yīng)的拉丁字符的拼音    一旦制冷劑進(jìn)入吸力面，它通過(guò)壓縮，然后發(fā)送到冷凝器，它可以轉(zhuǎn)移來(lái)自車輛內(nèi)吸收的熱量。     冷凝器     在汽車?yán)?，凝汽器與散熱器有相同的外觀，因?yàn)檫@兩個(gè)非常相似的功能。冷凝器，設(shè)計(jì)

16、為輻射的熱量。它的位置通常是在散熱器的前方，但在某些情況下，由于到一個(gè)車身空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的改進(jìn)，它的位置可能有所不同。冷凝器工作時(shí)，在任何時(shí)候都必須有良好的通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。在后輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車輛，通常是通過(guò)利用現(xiàn)有的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)冷卻風(fēng)扇的優(yōu)勢(shì)。前輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的車輛，冷凝器通過(guò)一個(gè)或多個(gè)電動(dòng)冷卻風(fēng)扇給于補(bǔ)充氣流。     由于熱壓縮氣體進(jìn)入冷凝器頂部，他們冷卻下來(lái)。當(dāng)氣體冷卻，就會(huì)凝結(jié)起來(lái)，作為一個(gè)高壓液體從底部走出。  

17、;   蒸發(fā)器     位于車內(nèi)，蒸發(fā)器作為吸熱元件。蒸發(fā)器提供了多種功能。其主要職責(zé)是從你的車側(cè)換熱。第二個(gè)好處就是除濕。由于溫暖的空氣穿過(guò)冷卻器</p><p><b>　　注：</b></p><p>　　From condenser 來(lái)自于冷凝器</p><p>　　Filter

18、strainer 過(guò)濾器</p><p><b>　　Drier 干燥器</b></p><p>　　To expansion valve 到膨脹閥</p><p><b>　　原文</b></p><p>　　SRS Airbag and Air Conditioning system</p

19、><p>　　Passage A SRS Airbag</p><p>　　Airbag are known as Supplemental Restraint System（SRS）and has become more common in modern cars. The bag itself is made of a thin, nylon fabric, which is fold

20、ed into the steering wheel or dashboard or, more recently, the seat or door. If airbags are fitted, the steering wheel cover and dashboard cover will usually have the words "airbag" or "SRS airbag" st

21、amped into them.</p><p>　　The sensors detect impact and signal the airbag to inflate. At least two sensors must be activated for the airbag to inflate. There are usually five sensors: two at the radiator sup

22、port, one at the right-hand fender apron, one at the left-hand fender apron, and one at the cowl in the passage compartment (A few system use only sensors—one in front of the radiator and anther in the passenger compartm

23、ent). There is an interlock between the sensors, so that two or more must work together to trigger </p><p>　　The SRS airbag inflator contains a solid chemical gas generator. The solid chemicals are safely st

24、ored in a metal chamber inside the SRS airbag module. Each inflator is sealed to keep out moisture. SRS airbag are designed to deploy in moderate to major crashes only and should not deploy in minor crashes.</p>&

25、lt;p>　　The following four steps show how the SRS airbag works:</p><p>　　In an impact, sensors in the car detect the sudden deceleration. If the crash id severe enough, electricity flows to the inflator an

26、d causes ignition of the gas generator.</p><p>　　The gas generator then rapidly burns in the metal chamber. The rapid burning produces inert gases and amounts of dust. The insert gases and dust are cooled an

27、d filtered during inflation of the airbag.</p><p>　　The inflating airbag splits open the trim cover. The airbag then rapidly unfolds and inflates in front of the occupant.</p><p>　　After inflati

28、on, the gas is vented through openings or open weave areas in the airbag. These steps take place in a fraction of a second. Airbags deflate in under a second and may be pushed aside for occupants to exit. See Fig.10-1<

29、;/p><p>　　There is a general misconception that airbags provide a soft cushion and will prevent bruising or other minor injuries in low severity crashes—this is incorrect. SRS airbags are designed to reduce pea

30、k loads on the head chest in severe crashes (those where death or long term brain injury are possible). When deploying, the airbag is firm, but it absorbs energy as the gases are released through the vents.</p>&l

31、t;p>　　While airbags significantly reduce the risk of serious or fatal injury in crashes, there are some risks from the development of airbags in low speed crashes. For this reason modern cars use a range of intelligen

32、t sensing functions to ensure that a crash is really happening (not just a bump in the road or a minor knock in the car park) and to fire airbags at the best time. This reduces the likelihood of airbags deploying in mino

33、r crashes.</p><p>　　The new SRS airbag system uses a word-first dual inflator, two-stage deployment system for front passengers. The system has two separate inflators that can be activated separately or toge

34、ther, depending on the vehicle speed and other factors, such as whether the passenger is wearing a seatbelt. In relatively low-speed impacts, the inflators are activated one after the other for slower inflation. At highe

35、r speeds, both inflators are activated simultaneously for quick, effective protection. The sy</p><p>　　This SRS airbag also controls the seatbelt pretensioners, switching them off in low-speed accidents to p

36、revent unnecessary risk to vulnerable passengers, such as the elderly. A passenger-sensing device control side airbag development to prevent potential injuries from these fast-activating systems.</p><p>　　Si

37、x sensors are built into the front passenger seat. One detects the size of the passenger, and another determines whether the passenger’s head is in the development path of the airbag. If the sensors detect a child asleep

38、 with his/her head learning to one side, the side airbag is deactivated to prevent head or neck injuries from airbag deployment.</p><p>　　For even safer SRS airbag control, a sophisticated three-point sensin

39、g device has been developed to determine the strength, direction and type of impact. The system has a central sensor and two satellite sensors on each side of the vehicle. This system is particularly suited to distinguis

40、hing between the impact of a tire hitting a kerb and a strong impact. It triggers only the appropriate airbag or airbags.</p><p>　　In the future, we will further expand the number of vehicles equipped with 6

41、 air bags by adding side airbags that protect the arm and chest areas and curtain airbags that protect the head area in side impacts. See Fig.10-2</p><p>　　Fig.10-2 Six-airbag position</p><p>　　

42、1/4 Curtain airbag system </p><p>　　2/5Side airbag system </p><p>　　3Passenger airbag system</p><p>　　6Driver airbag system</p><p>　　Passage B Air Conditioning sy

43、stem</p><p>　　Vehicles have primarily three different types of air conditioning systems. While each of the three types differs, the concept and design are very similar to one another. The most common compone

44、nts which make up these automotive systems are the following:</p><p>　　compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion vale, and receiver-drier, etc. See Fig10-3.</p><p>　　Compressor</p><

45、;p>　　Commonly referred to as the heart of the system, the compressor is a belt drive pump that is fastened to the engine. It is responsible for compressing and transferring refrigerant gas. See the structure of a comp

46、ressor in Fig.10-4.</p><p>　　The A/C system is split into two sides, a high pressure side and a low pressure side; defined as discharge and suction. Since the compressor is basically a pump, it must have an

47、intake side and a discharge side. The intake, or suction side, draws in refrigerant gas from the outlet of the evaporator. In some case it does this via the accumulator.</p><p>　　Once the refrigerant is draw

48、n into the suction side, it is compressed and sent to the condenser, where it can then transfer the heat that is absorbed from the inside of the vehicle.</p><p><b>　　Condenser</b></p><

49、p>　　The condenser has much the same appearance as the radiator in the car since the two have very similar functions. The condenser is designed to radiate heat. Its location is usually in front of the radiator, but in

50、some cases, due to aerodynamic improvements to the body of a vehicle, its location may differ. Condensers must have good airflow anytime the system is in operation. On front wheel drive vehicles, this is usually accompli

51、shed by taking advantage of your existing engine’s cooling fan. On </p><p>　　As hot compressed gases are introduced into the top of the condenser, they are cooled off. As the gas cools, it condenses and goes

52、 out of the bottom of the condenser as a high-pressure liquid.</p><p>　　Evaporator</p><p>　　Located inside the vehicle, the evaporator serves as the heat absorption component. The evaporator pro

53、vides several functions. Its primary duty is to remove heat from the side of your vehicle. A secondary benefit is dehumidification. As warmer air travels through the aluminum fins of the cooler evaporator coil, the moist

54、ure contained in the air condenses on its surface. Duct and pollen passing through stick to its wet surface and drain off to the outside. On humid days you may have seen this as </p><p>　　The ideal temperatu

55、re of the evaporator is 0℃. Refrigerant enter the bottom of the evaporator as a low pressure liquid. The warn air passing through the evaporator fins causes the refrigerant to boil. As the refrigerant begins to boil, it

56、can absorb large amounts of heat. This heat is then carried off with the refrigerant to the outside of the vehicle. Several other components work in conjunction with the evaporator. As mentioned above, the ideal temperat

57、ure for an evaporator coil is 0℃. Tempera</p><p>　　Thermal expansion valve</p><p>　　Another common refrigerant regulator is the thermal expansion vale. This type of valve can sense both temperat

58、ure and pressure, and is very efficient at regulating refrigerant flow to the evaporator. Several variations of this valve are commonly found. Another example of a thermal expansion valve is Chrysler’s “H block” type. Th

59、is type of valve is usually located at the firewall, between the evaporator inlet and outlet tubes and the liquid and suction lines. These types of valves, although effic</p><p>　　Receiver-drier</p>&

60、lt;p>　　The receiver-drier, shown in Fig.10-5, is used on the high side of systems that use a thermal expansion valve. This type of the metering valve requires liquid refrigerant. To ensure that the valve gets liquid r

61、efrigerant, a receiver is used. The primary function of the receiver-drier is to separate gas and liquid. The secondary purpose is to remove moisture and filter out dirt. The receiver-drier usually has a sight glass in t

62、he top. This sight glass is often used to charge the system. Under nor</p><p>　　備注：1、 英文原文出處包括出版社、出版時(shí)間、期刊的刊名、刊號(hào)、刊期。</p><p>　　2、 電腦打印，用A4紙；中文譯名用小二號(hào)宋體加粗，正文用小四號(hào)宋體，行距固定值20磅，其他用小四號(hào)宋體。</p><