單片機(jī)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯-- pic系列單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)

1、<p><b>　　外文翻譯： </b></p><p>　　PIC series monolithic integrated circuit characteristic</p><p>　　Along with the large scale integrated circuit (LSI) the manufacture technology rapi

2、d development, the computer is facing two obvious directions (namely two big branches) to develop: One is the microcomputer system performance enhances unceasingly, by satisfies the high velocity large capacity data pro

3、cessing ; Two is the monolithic microcomputer function consummates day by day, by satisfies many domains each kind of intriguing scene control .</p><p>　　The Texas instrument company invented after 1975 in

4、 the world the first 4 monolithic integrated circuit TMS - 1,000 births, some large-scale micro electron companies competed to develop have developed each kind of monolithic integrated circuit series product. Divides fro

5、m the word length aspect, the monolithic integrated circuit has 4, 8, 16, 32 four big kinds, first three kinds occupied the monolithic integrated circuit market main share, in the middle of these three kind of monolithic

6、 integrat</p><p>　　Has the representative 4 monolithic integrated circuits to have the American Texas instrument company TMS - 1,000, Nippon Electric Company (NEC) mu PD75 long neck hair series, American cou

7、ntry semiconductor company (NS) COP400 series, American 洛克威爾 company (ROCKWELL) PPS/1 series, Japanese Matushita company's MN1400 series, Japanese Fujitsu Corporation's MB88 series as well as Japanese Sharp Corpo

8、ration's SM long neck hair series and so on.</p><p>　　Has the representative 8 monolithic integrated circuits to have the American micro chip company the PIC16C long neck hair series, the PIC17C long nec

9、k hair series, the PIC1400 series, American Intel Corporation's MCS - 48 and the MCS - 51 series, the American Motorola Corporation's MC68HC05 series and the MC68HC11 series, the American uneven speech company

10、9;s Z8 series, the Nippon Electric Company mu the PD78 long neck hair series, American Mosse the Turk company and young attendants to the immor</p><p>　　At present, the monolithic integrated circuit is facin

11、g internal memory RAM and the ROM capacity is big, I/The O port function many, the supply voltage scope width, the power dissipation are low, the operating speed quick direction develops.</p><p>　　In the abo

12、ve each kind of monolithic integrated circuit, why does this course select the micro chip company PIC in the series PIC16F873 monolithic integrated circuit to take the model introduction?</p><p>　　The PIC se

13、ries monolithic integrated circuit hardware system design is succinct, command system design fining. In the middle of all monolithic integrated circuits variety, it is easiest to study, one of easiest application monolit

14、hic integrated circuit varieties. Said regarding the monolithic integrated circuit beginner, if chooses the PIC monolithic integrated circuit achievement to capture the monolithic integrated circuit kingdom the breach

15、, will be a most relaxed shortcut, decides can obt</p><p>　　and has used the different width, therefore program memory ROM and the data-carrier storage RAM addressing space is mutually independent, moreover

16、two kind of memories widths are also different. Like this designs not only may guarantee the data the security, but also can enhance the running rate and realize the complete instruction the single byte . byte said wh

17、ich in this , refers in particular to the PIC monolithic integrated circuit the instruction byte, but is not 8 bits bytes which ofte</p><p>　　(3) simplifies the set of instructions (RISC) the technology. PI

18、C series monolithic integrated circuit command system only then 35 instructions. This for the instruction study, the memory, the understanding brings the very big advantage, also gives the procedure the compilation, read

19、ing, the debugging, the revision, the exchange brings the enormous convenience, really it may be said is easy to study easily to use . But the MCS - 51 monolithic integrated circuits command systems altogether have<

20、/p><p>　　(4) the addressing way is simple. The addressing way is seeks the operand the method. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit only then 4 addressing ways (namely register indirect addressing, imme

21、diately number addressing, direct addressing and position addressing, later will make detailed explanation), will be easy to grasp, but MCS - 51 monolithic integrated circuits then will have 7 addressing ways, the 68HC05

22、 monolithic integrated circuit will have 6 kinds.</p><p>　　(5) the code compression ratio is high. The 1K byte memory space, regarding likes the MCS - 51 such monolithic integrated circuits, only can deposit

23、 600 instructions approximately, but regarding PIC series monolithic integrated circuit then can deposit reaches 1,024 instructions strip number. May see from chart 1, compares with several kind of typical monolithic int

24、egrated circuits, PIC16C5 is one kind most saves the program memory space the monolithic integrated circuit. In other words, comple</p><p>　　(6) the running rate is high. Because has used the Harvard main l

25、ine structure, also because instruction reading has selected the streamlined production method with the execution, the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit running rate enhances greatly. May see from chart 2, the PIC

26、 series monolithic integrated circuit running rate is higher than other same scales by far the monolithic integrated circuit. In all 8 machine center, PIC17C is in the present world one of speed quickest varieties.</

27、p><p>　　(7) the power loss is low. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit power dissipation is extremely low, some models monolithic integrated circuit works when the 4MHz clock consumes the electricity n

28、ot to surpass 2mA, lowers under the sleep pattern to 1 mu A below.</p><p>　　(8) driving force. I/The O port actuates the load the ability to be strong, each I/The O pin inspiration and the output current ma

29、ximum value may respectively achieve 25mA and 20mA, can the direct drive light emitter diode, the photoelectricity coupler or the miniature relay and so on.</p><p>　　(9) has I2C and the SPI serial main line

30、port: PIC series monolithic integrated circuit some models have I2C and the SPI serial main line port. I2C and SPI respectively are invents by PHILIPS and MOTOROLA Corporation realizes the synchronization serial data tra

31、nsmission sdt two kind of serial main lines technology between the chip. May facilitate using the monolithic integrated circuit serial main line port nimbly expands some essential periphery components. Serial interface a

32、nd serial main line</p><p>　　(10) the addressing space design is succinct. The PIC series monolithic integrated circuit procedure, the storehouse, the data three use mutually the independent addressing respe

33、ctively (or address code) the space, moreover the first two addresses arrangement does not need the user to worry, this can receive beginner's welcome. But MC68HC05 and MC68HC11 monolithic integrated circuit addressi

34、ng space when, programming needs the user to the procedure area, the storehouse area, the data area and I/</p><p>　　(11) the periphery electric circuit is succinct. The PIC series monolithic integrated circu

35、it internal integrated on the electricity replacement electric circuit, I/On the O pin pulls the electric circuit, the watch-dog timer and so on, may the greatest degree reduction or exempts with the periphery component,

36、 in order to realizes the pure monolithic application. Thus, not only is advantageous for the development, moreover also may save the user the electric circuit board space and the product</p><p>　　(12) dev

37、elops conveniently. Usually, under the extra-curricular condition the study and the application monolithic integrated circuit, the biggest barrier is the experiment develops the equipment to be expensive, causes many beg

38、inners to shrink back at the sight. The micro chip company and its the domestic many business agents, have provided the richly colorful hardware and the software support for user's application development. Has each k

39、ind of scale fever recording (or called programming) and</p><p>　　(13) C language programming. Regarding has grasped the C language user, the micro chip company has also provided the C language compiler for

40、 it , such user if uses the C language this kind of higher order language to carry on the programming, but also may enhance the working efficiency greatly.</p><p>　　(14) the variety is rich. The PIC series m

41、onolithic integrated circuit has formed three levels, more than 50 models at present. The internal function from to is simply complex, the seal form from 8 feet to 68 feet, may meet each kind of different application nee

42、d. The user always can find section in among to suit oneself develops the goal the monolithic integrated circuit. In the seal form diversification aspect, does not like MCS - 51 series monolithic integrated circuits such

43、, uses 40 feet sea</p><p>　　(15) the specification is complete. The micro chip company may provide the many kinds of seals craft to its monolithic integrated circuit some kind of model the product: The belt

44、window EPROM chip, suits the phase of exploitation which the procedure revises repeatedly; A programming (OTP) the EPROM chip, suits the need which and fast goes on the market in 小批量 the trial production; ROM covers the

45、model chip, suits the big enterprise mass stereotypia product 規(guī)?；?the production; The individual mode</p><p>　　(16) procedure secret. At present still did not have the means to carry on the decipher copy dir

46、ectly to the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit procedure, might maximum limit protect the user the procedure copyright.</p><p>　　In the PIC series monolithic integrated circuit, PIC16F873 is the micro

47、 chip company a section characteristic bright new product which promoted in 1998 year's end, it besides had the above characteristic, but also some most important characteristic, was it may realize the on-line debugg

48、ing and the on-line programming. This is MCS - 51 and the MC68 series monolithic integrated circuit does not have, but is precisely actually the general monolithic integrated circuits beginner most needs.</p><

49、p>　　The micro chip company also specially developed set of exquisite inexpensive simulations tools set of for this section monolithic integrated circuit, has hereafter referred to as the simulation board or MPLAB -

50、ICD. Both may realize the hardware simulation on this simulation board, and may realize the procedure to burn the record, but also retained a user to be possible to weld some primary devices to cover entirely at will wel

51、ds the hole the electric circuit board space. Thus it can be seen, </p><p>　　In it really PIC monolithic integrated circuit family, PIC16F873 also has other three close relatives brother , they respectivel

52、y are PIC16F874, PIC16F876, PIC16F877. The micro chip company is called these four brothers is PIC16F87 . Between them difference very small, academic society section on was basic superiorly in has known these four brot

53、hers, therefore we selected a section relatively simple model first in among to everybody introduction. In the overall says, by the ability, the might</p><p><b>　　中文翻譯：</b></p><p>　　

54、PIC系列單片機(jī)的特點(diǎn)</p><p>　　隨著大規(guī)模集成電路（LSI）制造技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，電腦正朝著兩個(gè)明顯的方向（即兩大分支）發(fā)展：一是微型計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)的性能不斷提高，以滿足高速度大容量的“數(shù)據(jù)處理”；二是單片微機(jī)的功能日益完善，以滿足諸多領(lǐng)域各種錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的“現(xiàn)場控制”。　　在1975年德克薩斯儀器公司發(fā)明的世界上第一個(gè)4位單片機(jī)TMS－1000誕生后，一些大型微電子公司競相研制開發(fā)了各種單片機(jī)系列產(chǎn)品。從字

55、長方面劃分，單片機(jī)有4位、8位、16位、32位四大類，其中前三類占據(jù)了單片機(jī)市場的主要份額，在這三類單片機(jī)當(dāng)中，8位機(jī)又一直為主流產(chǎn)品?！　≥^具有代表性的4位單片機(jī)有美國德克薩斯儀器公司的TMS－1000，日本電氣公司（NEC）的μPD75××系列，美國國家半導(dǎo)體公司（NS）的COP400系列，美國洛克威爾公司（ROCKWELL）的PPS/1系列，日本松下公司的MN1400系列，日本富士通公司的MB88系列以及日本

56、夏普公司的SM××系列等等?！　≥^具有代表性的8位單片機(jī)有美國微芯片公司的PIC16C××系列、PIC17C××系列、PIC1400系列，美國英特爾公司的MCS－48和MCS－51系列，美國摩托羅拉公司的M</p><p>　　（6）運(yùn)行速度高。由于采用了哈佛總線結(jié)構(gòu)，又由于指令的讀取和執(zhí)行采用了流水作業(yè)方式，PIC系列單片機(jī)的運(yùn)行速度大大提高。從圖2

57、中可以看出，PIC系列單片機(jī)的運(yùn)行速度遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于其它相同檔次的單片機(jī)。在所有8位機(jī)中，PIC17C×是目前世界上速度最快的品種之一。</p><p>　?。?）功耗低。PIC系列單片機(jī)的功率消耗極低，有些型號(hào)的單片機(jī)在4MHz時(shí)鐘下工作時(shí)耗電不超過2mA，在睡眠模式下低到1μA以下。　?。?）驅(qū)動(dòng)能力強(qiáng)。I/O端口驅(qū)動(dòng)負(fù)載的能力較強(qiáng)，每個(gè)I/O引腳吸入和輸出電流的最大值可分別達(dá)到25mA和20mA，能夠

58、直接驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)光二極管、光電耦合器或者微型繼電器等。　?。?）具備I2C 和SPI串行總線端口：PIC系列單片機(jī)的一些型號(hào)具備I2C 和SPI串行總線端口。I2C和SPI分別是由PHILIPS和MOTOROLA公司發(fā)明的在芯片之間實(shí)現(xiàn)同步串行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)膬煞N串行總線技術(shù)。利用單片機(jī)串行總線端口可以方便靈活地?cái)U(kuò)展一些必要的外圍器件。串行接口和串行總線的設(shè)置，不僅大大地簡化了單片機(jī)應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)，而且還極易形成產(chǎn)品電路的模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)。目前，松下、