簡介：對外經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文我國農(nóng)林牧漁業(yè)上市公司經(jīng)營績效評價(jià)研究姓名楊旭申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師蔣屏20100501ABSTRACTTHEBIRTHANDDEVELOPMENTOFTHELISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIESISQUITEIMPORTANTTOTHEAGRICULTURALRESTRUCTURING，UPGRADINGINTERNATIONALCOMPETITIVENESSOFAGRICULTUREANDQUICKENINGTHEAGRICULTURALMODERNIZATIONINCHINATHEREFORE，ANOBJECTIVEEVALUATIONOFTHEOPERATIONPERFORMANCEOFTHELISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIESANDTHEDEEPANALYSISOFTHEDETERMINANTSOFTHEIROPERATIONPERFORMANCEINTHEBACKGROUNDOFTRANSITIONALECONOMYINCHINAARETHEORETICALLYANDPRACTICALLYVITALTOUNDERSTANDTHEDEVELOPMENTTRENDOFTHELISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIESANDIMPROVINGTHEIROPERATIONPERFORMANCETHEEVALUATIONSYSTEMSVARYACCORDHAGTODIFFERENTEVALUATORTAKETHEENTERPRISEVALUEMAXIMIZATIONASTHEPREMISEANDSHAREHOLDER嬲THEEVALUATOROFOPERATIONPERFORMANCEANDTHEBENEFITOFOTHERSTAKEHOLDERS，THEPAPERTRIESTOMAKEACOMPREHENSIVEANDCLEARLYCLASSIFIEDPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONSYSTEMWHICHINVOLVEDFINANCIALINDEXANDNONFINANCIALINDEXADOPTINGPRINCIPALCOMPONENTSANALYSISINSPSSSTATISTICALANALYSISSOFTWARETHEPAPEREVALUATESTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHECOMPANIESTHROUGHFOURCAPABILITIESABILITIESOFDEBTPAYINGOPERATINGEARNINGANDDEVELOPINGWHICHCONTAINS36FINANCIALANDNONFINANCIALINDEXESTHEPRINCIPALCOMPONENTPRODUCES9PRINCIPALTHATCANBEREGARDEDASTHECOREABILITIESINEVALUATIONOFLISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIES111EPAPERMAKESINDUSTRYSEGMENTATIONANDFINDSTHATINDUSTRYSEGMENTATIONDOESNOTAFFECTTHEOPERATIONPERFORMANCEOFTHEAGRICULTURALCOMPANIESITALSOFINDSTHATANIMALHUSBANDRYSTOCKSHAVEGOODOPERATIONPERFORMANCEANDFORESTRYSTOCKSHAVEBADOPERATIONPERFORMANCEFISHERYSTOCKSHIGHAVERAGEOPERATIONPERFORMANCEANDAGRICULTURALSERVICESTOCKS10WOPERATIONPERFORMANCEHAVEENORMOUSPERFORMANCEVARIETYTRADITIONALAGRICULTURALSTOCKSHADSIMILAROPERATIONPERFORMANCEANDSTANDONMIDDLELEVELOFTHEWHOLEINDUSTRIESTHEPAPERMAKESRELEVANCEANALYSISOFOPERATIONPERFORMANCEANDFISCALTAXATIONPOLICYASFISCALTAXATIONPOLICYHASANEFFECTONTHEEARNINGOFAGRICULTURALCOMPANIES，THEPAPERSETTWOFISCALTAXATIONINDEXTOTALSUBSIDYTSANDTOTALSUBSIDYCONTROLLINGPROFIT1EVELTSCPLTHERESULTSSHOWSTHATTSANDOPERATIONPERFORMANCEHAVEAPOSITIVERELEVANCE，BUTTSCPLANDOPERATIONPERFORMANCEDONOTHAVEANYRELEVANCEATA11SOITCONCLUDESTHATFISCALTAXATIONPOLICYCANONLYAFFECTSHORTTERMOPERATIONPERFORMANCEOFLISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIES，BUTCANNOTAFFECTTHEREALPERFORMANCEELIIILINATINGTHEFACTOROFFISCALTAXATIONPOLICY’SEFFECTONEARNINGSATLASTTHISARTICLEPROPOSEDTHREEIMPROVEDSUGGESTIONEMPHASIZETHEIMPORTANCEOFPERFORMANCEEVALUATIONOFAGRICULTURALLISTEDCOMPANIESANDIMPROVETHEOPERATIONPERFORMANCEOFTHEM；PROMOTINGSUPERIORINDUSTRYANDLEADINGCOMPANIESTOMAKETHEWHOLEINDUSTRYIMPROVE；ADJUSTFISCALANDTAXATIONPOLICYSUBSIDYKEYWORDLISTEDAGRICULTURALCOMPANIES，OPERATIONPERFORMANCE，PERFORMANCEEVALUATION，PRINCIPALCOMPONENTANALYSISII

簡介：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文我國農(nóng)林牧漁行業(yè)上市公司市盈率影響因素的實(shí)證研究姓名黃燦林申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師廖宜靜201106IIABSTRACTTHEINDUSTRYOFAGRICULTUREFRESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYISONEWITHTHESPECIALPOSITIONINTHENATIONALECONOMYWHICHISCRICIALTOTHENATIONALINTERESTPEOPLE’SLIFEHOODTHELISTEDCOMPANIESSUCHASAGRICULTUREFRESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYEQUALLYHAVEAUNIQUEPOSITIONINTHESTOCKMARKETSOPROPERASSESSMENTOFTHEPERATIOOFAGRICULTUREFRESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYCOMPANIESISVERYIMPTANTTOTHEIRDEVELOPMENTTHISPAPEREMPIRICALLYRESEARCHEDTHEINFLUENCINGFACTSOFAGRCULTUREFRESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYLISTEDCOMPANIESFIRSTOFALLITDEDUCEDTHEPARTIALINFLUENCINGFACTSOFPERATIOFROMPRICINGMODELSOFSTOCKTHENSTEDTHEINFLUENTIALFACTSONPERATIOINACCDENCEWITHDOMESTICINTERNATIONALDOCUMENTSTHEIESEVENTUALLYREACHEDTHEMACROSCOPICMICROSMICINDICATSRELYINGONTHEPROCURABILITYRALATIVITYOFDATASTHEPAPERADOPTED20002010VERTICALTIMESEQUENCEDATASRESPECTIVELYEDTHEMACCROSCOPICINDECATSLIKEGDPINTERESTRATESEXCHANGERATESINFLATIONRATEEXPENDITURESOFHUINONGFROMLOCALSTATEGOVERNMENTFINANCEASARGUMENTINDUSTRYPERATIOASDEPENDENTACCDINGTOTHERESPONDINGHYPOTHESISTHEPAPERMADEANEMPIRICALANALYSISOFTHEFACTSAFFECTINGINDUSTRYPERATIODISCUSSEDTHEMBESIDESITUSEDTHEBROADWISESETIONFINANTIALDATASFROM44LISTEDCOMPANIESOFAGRICULTUREFRESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYIN20062010ANNUALEDEPSPROFITASSETTSOFEACHSHAREFLOWRATESASSETTRATEOFRETURNPAYMENTRATESASANARGUMENTCOMPANYPERATIOASAVARIABLEINTHESAMEWAYTHEPAPERMADEEMPIRICALSTUDYOFTHEEFFECTONCOMPANYPERATIOCONEDTHEINFLUENCINGFACTSOFINDUSTRYPERATIOTHUSCOMPREHENSIVELYDRAWINGASERIESOFEMPIRICALCONCLUSIONSKEYWDSAGRICULTUREFESTRYANIMALHUSBRYFISHERYPERATIOINFLUENCINGFACTSLISTEDCOMPANIES

簡介：安塞黃土丘陵區(qū)農(nóng)林牧業(yè)與生態(tài)環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展途徑的探討摘要利用水保所特別是安塞站的研究成果及有關(guān)資料，在對黃土高原及安塞黃土丘陵區(qū)自然資源特征，農(nóng)林果牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)的有利、不利條件、存在問題等進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合國家對水土保持、生態(tài)環(huán)境整治及社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的新要求、新途徑、新目標(biāo)，對安塞黃土丘陵區(qū)在國家實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)戰(zhàn)略、大抓生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)及退耕還林還草措施的新形勢下，現(xiàn)代化農(nóng)林果牧業(yè)與生態(tài)環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展途徑進(jìn)行了探討。取得的主要研究結(jié)果如下1歷史景觀研究表明，六千年前的黃土高原絕大部分地區(qū)曾有著廣袤的森林和草原，保持著良好的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，森林覆蓋率高達(dá)6996。隨著人口增加及毀林開荒的傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)作模式延續(xù)，黃土高原的生態(tài)環(huán)境逐漸惡化。自秦漢以后，經(jīng)歷了幾次大的植被破壞，森林面積顯著減少，到1949年時(shí)僅為61％，現(xiàn)代土壤侵蝕加劇。因此，不合理的土地利用方式是黃土丘陵溝壑區(qū)水土流失嚴(yán)重的主要原因。水土流失成為黃河流域頭號(hào)生態(tài)環(huán)境問題。2分析了安塞黃土丘陵區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)資源優(yōu)勢、主要限制因素和存在問題。認(rèn)為該地區(qū)土地類型復(fù)雜多樣，適宜農(nóng)林果牧綜合發(fā)展。但水土流失嚴(yán)重，地形破碎，土地脊薄，改造任務(wù)艱巨；氣候干旱，自然災(zāi)害比較頻繁；文化教育、交通、通訊及商品生產(chǎn)相對滯后，影響了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。特別是過去傳統(tǒng)的以糧為主，廣種薄收的自給性小農(nóng)經(jīng)濟(jì)和濫牧、過牧的落后生產(chǎn)方式嚴(yán)重破壞了生態(tài)環(huán)境和農(nóng)牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件，必須徹底改變。水保所在安塞紙坊溝和寶塔區(qū)燕溝開展的水土保持型生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)研究及創(chuàng)建的實(shí)體模型證明，只要實(shí)施科學(xué)治理和生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)，黃土丘陵區(qū)就可實(shí)現(xiàn)生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和良性循環(huán)。3初步提出了安塞縣農(nóng)林牧業(yè)與生態(tài)環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展途徑1經(jīng)濟(jì)一生態(tài)型土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)。即農(nóng)田和果園、經(jīng)濟(jì)林約占20％～30％，實(shí)行集約經(jīng)營，實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)、高效，取得必要的糧食和經(jīng)濟(jì)效益；剩余約60％～70％的土地退耕還林還草，以生態(tài)效益為主，兼發(fā)展林、牧等相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)，亦可取得一定經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。2農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方向及途徑加強(qiáng)基本農(nóng)田建設(shè)包括水利設(shè)施，從根本上改變落后的廣種薄收的生產(chǎn)方式。全縣盡快實(shí)現(xiàn)人均2～3畝基本農(nóng)田；調(diào)整種植業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)；健全農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣組織體系，綜合推廣優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)栽培技術(shù)，提高單位面積作物質(zhì)量與產(chǎn)量，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食自給，保證糧食安全。3根據(jù)植被地帶性特征和安塞氣候、植被分區(qū)，合理配置安塞生態(tài)林草和經(jīng)濟(jì)林果。重視經(jīng)濟(jì)林果的集約化、優(yōu)質(zhì)豐產(chǎn)栽培管理技術(shù)。認(rèn)真實(shí)施退耕還林C00RDRNAREDDEVELOPⅣ匝NTM匣11HODSBETⅥ慢ENAGRICULTURE。FORESTRYANDHUSBANDRYANDECOENVIRONM匝NTINANSAILOESSH【LLYREGIONABSTRACTACCORDINGTOTHEPASTRESEARCHRESULTSANDRELEVANTINFORMATIONFROMINSTITUTEOFSOILANDWATERCONSERVATIONESPECIALLYFROMANSALSTATIONTHENATURALRESOURCECHARACTERISTICSOFTHELOESSPLATEAUESPECIALLYTHELOESSHILLANDGULLYREGIONANDTHEFAVORABLEANDUNFAVORABLEEONDITIOILSANDPROBLEMSIN也EAGRICULTUREFORESTRYFRUITANDHUSBANDRYPRODUCTIONTHENEWREQUIREMENTS，METHODSANDTARGETSOFSOILANDWATERCONSERVATIONENVIRONMENTIMPROVEMENTANDSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTOFSOCIALECONOMYMADEBYTHESTATEANDTHENEWSITUATIONOFIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEWESTEMDEVELOPMENTSTRATEGY，REHABILITATIONOFTHEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTANDCONVERSIONOFGRAINFORGREENWEDISCUSSEDTHEMODERNIZINGCOORDINATEDDEVELOPINGPATTERNSBETWEENAGRICULTURE，F(xiàn)ORESTRY，F(xiàn)RUIT，HUSBANDRYPRODUCTIONANDECOLOGICALENVIRONMENT1THEHI【STORICALLANDSCAPESTUDIESSHOWEDTHATMANYREGIONSOFTHELOESSPLATEAUWERECOVEREDWITHFLOURISHINGFORESTSANDGRASS，ITOFWHICHFORESTCOVERAGERATEWASASHIGHAS69％HADAGOODENVIRONMENTALECOSYSTEMBUTASTHEPOPULATIONGROWSANDTHEDEFORESTATIONFORTRADITIONALFANNINGCONTINUES，THEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTOFT11ELOESSPLATEAUBECOMESWOLSEANDWORSESINCETHEQINANDHANDYNASTIES。THEFORESTCOVERAGERATEWHICHWAS61％IN1949HASSIGNIFICANTLYDECREASEDBECAUSEOFSEVERALSERIOUSDAMAGESTOVEGETATIONNOWITISSTRONGEROFTHESOILEROSIONSOUNREASONABLELANDUSEISTHEMAINREASONFORSERIOUSSOILANDWATERLOSSINTHEHILLAND911LLYREGIONOFTHELOESSPLATEAUNOWSOILANDWATERLOSSISTHETOPECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTPROBLEMINTHEBASINOFTHEYELLOWRIVER2WEHAVEANALYZEDTHEADVANTAGES，MAINCONSTRAINTSANDPROBLEMSOFAGRICULTUREDEVELOPMENTINANSALCOUNTYTHECOMPLEXANDVARIEDLANDTYPESWERESUITABLEFORTHECOMPREHENSIVEDEVELOPMENTOFAGRICULTURE，F(xiàn)ORESTRY，F(xiàn)RUITANDHUSBANDRYHOWEVERITISHARDTOCON【ROLSOILANDWATERLOSSIMPROVETHEBROKENTERRAINANDINCREASETHESOILFBNILITYITISARIDCLIMATEANDHASFREQUENTNATURALDISASTERS；THEEDUCATION，TRANSPORTATIONCOMMUNICATIONANDCOMMODITYPRODUCTIONHASLAGGEDBEHIND，WHICHAFFECTTHEREGIONALECONOMICDEVELOPMENTESPECIALLYINTHEPAST，THETRADITIONALGRAINBASEDANDEXTENSIVECULTIVATIONWITHLOWYIELDWHICHISCALLEDSELFSUFFICIENCYPEANUTECONOMYANDOVERGRAZINGHAVESEVERELYDAMAGEDTHEECOLOGICALENVIRONMENTANDPRODUCTIONCONDITIONS。ITMUSTBETHOROUGHLYCHANGEDNLERESEARCHABOUTEC0AGRICULTURECONSERVINGSOILANDWATERANDTHEENTITYMODELIN

簡介：新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文察布查爾縣種羊場井灌區(qū)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)模式研究以伊犁華迪農(nóng)林牧有限公司為例姓名王顯瑞申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)草業(yè)科學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師安沙舟20090601THESTUDYONECOLOGICALAGRICULTURALMODELINZHONGYANGCHANGJINGGUANQUOFCHABUCHAERCOUNTYTHEYILIHUADINONGLINMULIMITEDCOMPANYASANEXAMPLEABSTRACTYILIVALLEYLANDDEVELOPMENTWASINCLUDEDIN“THENATIONALPLANNINGOFLANDDEVELOPMENTANDCONSOLIDATION”ANDTHEPLANNINGISSTARTINGHOWTORATIONALLYARRANGETHES缸UCTMEOFAGRICULTURALPRODUCTION，ANDHOWTHEPATHOFSUSTAINABLEBEDEVELOPED，THEREISNOREADYMADEAGRICULTURALMODELYILICHABUCHAERJINGGUANQUASTHESTUDYOBJECT，TLLEMETHODSOFFIELDSURVEYS，DATAACCESS，COMBINEDWITHLABORATORYANALYSISWASUSED，THEAREA’SCURRENTAGRICULTURALMODELWASSTUDIED，THEPRINCIPLESOFTHEECOSYSTEMANDECOLOGICALECONOMICSWASAPPLIED，THELINEARPROGRAMMINGWASUSEDTODESIGNAREASONABLEMODELOFECOLOGICALA鰣CULTURE，THEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHECATTLEBEBREDWASPRACTICED‘THEMAINRESULTSAREASFOLLOWS，1THEREAREMAINLYTHREEMODELSINCHABUCHAERJINGGUANQU，T11EYARESINGLEMODELOF也EMAINCROP，MULTICROPCULTIVATIONANDCULTIVATIONANDLIVESTOCKWEREBREEDINGANDTHESINGLECASHCROPCULTIVATIONBASEDCOTTONWASTHEMAINLYMODEL，COTTONPLANTINGAREAACCOUNTSFOR5889％，AFTERTHEPLASTICSHEETINGCOTTONTHEREARE2272％TO6878％OFTHEPLASTICRESIDUEINTHESOIL，LANDUSEFIGHTSLEADTOTHEREAREMULTIPLEAGRICULTUREMODELSANDTHEAGRICULTUREMODELSARENONFIXED2INTHEDESIGNOFSIXA鰣CULTLLLA1MODEL，THEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEPIGBEBREDTHEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHECATTLEBEBRED，THEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHESHEEPBEBREEDHAVEHIGHEREFFICIENCYUNDERNOWADAYSPRODUCTIVITYCONDITION，PRODUCTIN1HECTARE，THECULTIVATECROPANDLIVESTOCKPROPORTIONOFTHETHREEMODELASFOLLOW1THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGPIGBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAARE11010，THENUMBEROFPIGSIS4487，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS23449802MAN2THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGCATTLEBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAAREO61061061O039，THENUMBEROFCATTLEIS1751，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS15574822MAN3THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGSHEEPBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAAREO60O60060004，THENUMBEROFSHEEPIS17167，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS1905415YUANWHENTHESOILISRIPENING，THEPRODUCTOFALLCROPSHAVEHIGHLEVEL，PRODUCTIN1HECTARE，THECULTIVATECROPANDLIVESTOCKPROPORTIONOFTHETHREEMODELASFOLLOW1THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGPIGBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAAREL1010，THENUMBEROFPIGSIS8547，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS4843644YUAN2THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGCATTLEBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAAREO85085082O03015，THENUMBEROFCATTLEIS2464，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS3339637YUAN3THREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGSHEEPBEBREDMODEL，THERATIOOFCORNWHEATSILAGECORNSUNFLOWERALFALFAAREO530530530047，THENUMBEROFSHEEPIS24568，THEINCOMEOFTWOYEARSIS3122029YUAN3NEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGCATTLEBEBREDBEAPPLIEDINAFARMNAMEDYILIHUADINONGLINMULIMITEDCOMPANYTHEYEAROFTHE2NDAND3RDWHENTHEMODELBEAPPLIEDTHERE，THEORGANICMATTERCONTENTANDSOILUNITWEIGHTINPLOUGHLAYER020CMWERETESTED，THEORGANICMATTERCONTENTOF2008ISHIGHER09％THAN2007SOILUNITWEIGHTOF2008ISLOWER7739／LOOCM5THAN20074INTHEMODELOFTHREEHARVESTINTWOYEARSANDTHEFATTENINGCATTLEBEBREDANDTHEMODELOFTHREEIV

簡介：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文樺川縣農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能量流動(dòng)研究姓名趙裕亮申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)；農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師尹海東20120620東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)理學(xué)碩學(xué)位論文農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品輸出到系統(tǒng)外，但是由于生產(chǎn)關(guān)系水平低，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的有效能量產(chǎn)出不足以維持系統(tǒng)的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，平均每年需從外界引進(jìn)27121912X1010J的煤、農(nóng)藥、燃?xì)狻⒒?、、地膜、農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械等等相當(dāng)于系統(tǒng)總產(chǎn)出能的296％，才可以促進(jìn)該農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的良性運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性指數(shù)為051。關(guān)鍵詞樺川縣；農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)能量流動(dòng)主成分分析評價(jià)指標(biāo)

簡介：本研究得到國家重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃973計(jì)劃課題“荒漠草原農(nóng)牧系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性與維持機(jī)理研究“批準(zhǔn)號(hào)2012CB723206國家“十二五“科技支撐計(jì)劃課題“荒漠草原區(qū)農(nóng)牧結(jié)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)構(gòu)建與可持續(xù)利用技術(shù)集成與試驗(yàn)示范“批準(zhǔn)號(hào)2011BAC07803資助FUNDEDBYTHENATIONALBASICRESEARCHPROGRAMOFCHINA973PROGRAMNO2012CB723206＆THENATIONALSCIENCETECHNOLOGYPILLARPROGRAMDURINGTHE12THFIVEYEARSPLANPERIODNO2011BAC07803摘要荒漠草原區(qū)位于我國北部生態(tài)屏障的最前沿，擔(dān)負(fù)著極為重要的生態(tài)服務(wù)功能；承擔(dān)一部分貧困入口的生計(jì)。該區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展長期處于旱、薄、粗、單、低、窮的惡性循環(huán)之中。最直接的表現(xiàn)是荒漠化和自然災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重，草地牧草產(chǎn)量低，草畜矛盾突出，這不僅限制了當(dāng)?shù)匦竽翗I(yè)發(fā)展，同時(shí)也加劇了區(qū)域貧困和生態(tài)惡化。在該區(qū)域如果不能建立起特色支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)使經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展，僅靠少量的糧食和經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)償并不能從根本上解決農(nóng)民的脫貧致富問題，毀林毀草開荒耕翻種植還會(huì)反復(fù)。為了使農(nóng)業(yè)資源的開發(fā)利用達(dá)到最佳運(yùn)行狀態(tài)，促進(jìn)研究區(qū)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中各子系統(tǒng)之間的耦合生產(chǎn)，形成復(fù)合經(jīng)營系統(tǒng)內(nèi)物質(zhì)的多級循環(huán)和能量的擴(kuò)大流動(dòng)，增強(qiáng)各子系統(tǒng)之間的時(shí)序性、空間格局和生態(tài)過程。本文選擇我國典型荒漠草原區(qū)寧夏鹽池縣為研究區(qū)域，皖記溝行政村農(nóng)戶為研究對象，將參與式農(nóng)村評估法取得的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)和長期監(jiān)測數(shù)據(jù)、實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)相結(jié)合，首先，利用問卷數(shù)據(jù)分析現(xiàn)有農(nóng)戶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)流特征接著，采用能流分析方法研究系統(tǒng)能量的生產(chǎn)、分配和轉(zhuǎn)化效率；然后，利用實(shí)驗(yàn)實(shí)測數(shù)據(jù)分析農(nóng)戶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)分循環(huán)、轉(zhuǎn)化與利用，并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立農(nóng)戶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)物質(zhì)流動(dòng)分室模型；最后，綜合以上結(jié)果找出目前農(nóng)戶復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行中存在的問題，進(jìn)而提出適宜研究區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)資源復(fù)合經(jīng)營發(fā)展優(yōu)化模式，為大幅度提高整個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)的生產(chǎn)水平，取得良好的生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益提供參考。本文取得的主要研究結(jié)果如下1研究區(qū)現(xiàn)有農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)和演化主要受到氣候、資源特征和外部干預(yù)的影響，其中外部干預(yù)中最主要的就是退耕還林還草和禁牧政策的實(shí)施。在灌溉條件下，農(nóng)戶農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)相對穩(wěn)定，且完全服務(wù)于畜牧業(yè)，但羊只數(shù)量的增加加大了生態(tài)與生計(jì)的矛盾。2通過對農(nóng)戶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)流分析得出，目前系統(tǒng)處于盈利狀態(tài)，農(nóng)戶的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益主要來源于畜產(chǎn)品，自產(chǎn)作物籽粒和秸稈不能滿足畜牧業(yè)的飼草料要求，農(nóng)戶仍需購買大量的玉米。假設(shè)將羊只數(shù)量Y作為自變量，引入自產(chǎn)玉米量X1、自產(chǎn)秸稈量X2、天然草地生物量X3、購買玉米量X4、檸條林地可食生物量X5五個(gè)因素為因變量，建立多元線性回歸方程，采用逐步線性回歸分析法得出結(jié)論天然林草地生物量和檸條林地可食生物量是影響農(nóng)戶羊只養(yǎng)殖數(shù)量的主要因素，天然林草地生產(chǎn)力隨季節(jié)變化明顯，利用率較低。3農(nóng)戶農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是以畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)為主，種植業(yè)為輔的綜合經(jīng)營性農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)的初級生產(chǎn)以有機(jī)肥還田為主，機(jī)械能和化石能投入低，初級生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的能量轉(zhuǎn)化效率不高，部分生物能流失和浪費(fèi)。畜牧業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定主要依靠外部能量的輸入。受干旱氣候影響，農(nóng)作物和林草地的水肥轉(zhuǎn)化效率低，影響了次級生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的能量轉(zhuǎn)化，從而影響整個(gè)典型農(nóng)戶生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的能量轉(zhuǎn)化率和產(chǎn)出率。4農(nóng)戶農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)除碳元素外，氮、磷元素的輸入輸出不平衡，但目前這種氮、磷元素的投入狀況不會(huì)破壞農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)分平衡。玉米是畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)氮、磷元素的主要輸入源，營養(yǎng)輸出形式為羊肉、羊毛、羊糞，畜牧業(yè)生產(chǎn)系統(tǒng)的物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化效率高于農(nóng)田生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；天然林草地的物質(zhì)輸入以牲畜自由放牧?xí)r產(chǎn)生的糞便和植物枯落物為主；總的來說，人工草地的物

簡介：分類號(hào)S152JTJDC630密級笪鹽學(xué)校代碼10712研究生學(xué)號(hào)20151150869西北農(nóng)林講提大學(xué)2017屆專業(yè)學(xué)位碩士研究生學(xué)位論文毛烏素沙地可持續(xù)農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)配置模式探索類型鹽些亟領(lǐng)域、方向盔拄經(jīng)堡研究生掛江洼指導(dǎo)教師割出蜇副熬援完成時(shí)間2Q12生旦中國陜西楊凌研究生學(xué)位論文的獨(dú)創(chuàng)性聲明本人聲明所呈交的專業(yè)學(xué)位碩士論文是我個(gè)人在導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立進(jìn)行的研究工作及取得的研究結(jié)果；論文中的研究數(shù)據(jù)及結(jié)果的獲得完全符合學(xué)校關(guān)于規(guī)范西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)研究生學(xué)術(shù)道德的暫行規(guī)定，如果違反此規(guī)定，一切后果與法律責(zé)任均由本人承擔(dān)。盡我所知，除了文中特別加以標(biāo)注和致謝的地方外，論文中不包含其他人已經(jīng)發(fā)表或撰寫過的研究結(jié)果，也不包含其他人和自己本人已獲得西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)或其它教育機(jī)構(gòu)的學(xué)位或證書而使用過的材料。與我一同工作的同事對本研究所做的任何貢獻(xiàn)均已在論文的致謝中作了明確的說明并表示了謝意。研究生簽名時(shí)間7年R月刁日導(dǎo)師指導(dǎo)研究生學(xué)位論文的承諾本人承諾我的專業(yè)學(xué)位碩士研究生杜江濤所呈交的碩士學(xué)位論文是在我指導(dǎo)下獨(dú)立開展研究工作及取得的研究結(jié)果，屬于我現(xiàn)崗職務(wù)工作的結(jié)果，并嚴(yán)格按照學(xué)校關(guān)于規(guī)范西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)研究生學(xué)術(shù)道德的暫行規(guī)定而獲得的研究結(jié)果。如果違反學(xué)校關(guān)于規(guī)范西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)研究生學(xué)術(shù)道德的暫行規(guī)定，我愿接受按學(xué)校有關(guān)規(guī)定的處罰處理并承擔(dān)相應(yīng)導(dǎo)師連帶責(zé)任。抑齜卻詫時(shí)叭如，7年R月刁日

簡介：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文嫩江流域農(nóng)林牧交錯(cuò)帶草地資源定量評價(jià)研究姓名劉坤申請學(xué)位級別碩士專業(yè)水土保持與荒漠化防治指導(dǎo)教師馬玉明20070501QUANTATIVEEVALUATIONRANGELANDRESOURCESINTHEFAMING一PASTORALECOTONEINNENJINGVALLEYABSTRACTNENJINGVALLEYISANECOLOGICALECONOMYCOMPOUNDSYSTEMWHETHERRELYINGMAINLYONFARMINGANDANIMALHUSBANDRYTHISESSAYUSESTHREEMETHOD，QUANTITATIVECALCULSTION，QUALITATIVEDESCRIPTIONANDINTEGRATIONFORTHE咖DYONSYSTEMOFECOLOGICALECONOMYOFNENJINGVALLEYANDECOLOGICALBENEFITS，ECONOMICBENEFITSANDSOCIALBENEFITSABOUTITUSINGADMINISTRATIVELEVELSANALYTICHIERARCHYPROCESSTOCHOOSE32FAVORS，PUMONGFORWARDEVALUATINGTARGETSYSTERMFORECOLOGICALECONOMYCOMPOUNDSYSTEMOFNENJINGVALLEY，CALCULATINGTHEPERSISTENTUSESSTATUSOFGRASSLANDRESOURCEBYFUZZYASARESUH，THEFANILINGPASTORALECOTONEINNENJINGVALLEYISPERSISTENTUSINGSTATUS，EIGHTTYPESECTIONTOOKOUTPROMINENTEFFECT，ELUNCUNBANNERANDKEYOUQIANBANNERAREPROMINENTPERSISTENTUSINGSTATUSANOTHER6BANNERARECURRENTLYPERSISTENTUSINGSTATUS，ANDSTRIDINGFORWARDPROMINENTPERSISTENTUSINGSTATUS；ZOOLOGY，ECONOMYANDSOCIETYIMEGRSTIONINDEXAREALLRISE，EIUNCHUNBANNERRISE1905PERCENTMOLIDAWABANNERRISE4L28PERCENT，ARONGBANNERRISE1924PERCENTZHALANTUNRISE3037PERCENT，WULANHAOTERISE1994PERCENT，KEYOUQIANBANNERRISE1916PERCENT，ZHALAITEBANNERRISE2108PERCENT，TUQUANBANNERRISE2108PERCENTTHERESULTISCONSISTENTWITHTHEDEVELOPMENTACTILALI饑FROMTHISMAKEUSKNOWNITISFEASIBLEFOREVALUATINGTARGETSYSTERMANDEVALUATINGOUTCOMEISTRUEINTHETEXTANALYSISTHEZOOLOGYBENEFIT，ECONOMYBENEFITANDSOCIETYBENEFITOFGRASSLANDRESOURCEFORTYPEBANNERASTHERESUK，DEVELOPINGGRASSLANDZOOLOGYECONOMYCANBANGPROMINENCEINTEGRATIONBENEFITKEYWORDSTHE№MI鴨一PASTORALECOTONE；PROCESS；FUZZYMATHEMATICSDIRETTEDBYPROFMAYUMINGAPPIICANTFORMASLERDEGREELIUKUNSOILAND、M燈CA蟹DW咖M，DDB霸咖丘C吐IMCA血DCOLLEGEOFECOLOGYANDENVIRONMENTINNERMONGOHAAGRICULTURALUMVERSITYHTTHHOT010018，CHINA

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簡介：學(xué)校代碼10225學(xué)號(hào)S16008學(xué)位論文農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性與可持續(xù)性指導(dǎo)教師姓名申請學(xué)位級別論文提交日期授予學(xué)位單位于嬌以黑龍江省集賢縣為例顧鳳岐教授東北林業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)科專業(yè)應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)201604論文答辯日期20160608東北林業(yè)大學(xué)授予學(xué)位日期201606答辯委員會(huì)主席論文評閱人素J厶櫛素大學(xué)摘要摘要農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)由生物系統(tǒng)和環(huán)境系統(tǒng)共同組成的可人為調(diào)控系統(tǒng)，該生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是一個(gè)多物種多因素組成的復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。本文以生態(tài)學(xué)的理論知識(shí)為前提和系統(tǒng)分析的方法為基礎(chǔ)，采用一定的數(shù)學(xué)思維研究系統(tǒng)各組分之間的能量流動(dòng)情況，基于李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性理論、信息理論以及能值理論，對整個(gè)農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性和可持續(xù)性進(jìn)行分析，以此來提高生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的總體功效。本文通過對物質(zhì)流動(dòng)的研究，建立起整個(gè)農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)框圖，即物質(zhì)能流模型，把整個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)分為九個(gè)分室，根據(jù)組分間能量流動(dòng)與否作出系統(tǒng)的鄰接矩陣，通過布爾代數(shù)方法考慮系統(tǒng)的可達(dá)性，進(jìn)而對系統(tǒng)參數(shù)進(jìn)行研究并建立起線性微分方程模型，運(yùn)用李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性理論判斷系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性，并在大系統(tǒng)理論范疇內(nèi)考慮系統(tǒng)的關(guān)聯(lián)穩(wěn)定性，利用信息理論中的聚合度和冗余度理論，考察聚合度和冗余度對參數(shù)的靈敏度，以此來判斷系統(tǒng)的功能穩(wěn)定性；選取系統(tǒng)中部分分室建立環(huán)模型，利用環(huán)分析理論判斷系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定性。利用能值理論對農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的能量投入和產(chǎn)出情況進(jìn)行分析，建立能值評價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，作出圖表觀測整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的能流循環(huán)指數(shù)以及可持續(xù)發(fā)展指數(shù)，對集賢縣該地區(qū)的農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)性進(jìn)行評價(jià)。分析發(fā)現(xiàn)集賢縣高科技物資投入量比較少，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對環(huán)境資源的依賴程度較高，但對環(huán)境造成的承載壓力較小，環(huán)境資源未得到最有效的利用。農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平不高，需提高整個(gè)農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率，加大該地區(qū)對外開放的程度，加速農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)發(fā)展，進(jìn)而促進(jìn)整個(gè)復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。關(guān)鍵詞農(nóng)林牧復(fù)合生態(tài)系統(tǒng)；能流模型；穩(wěn)定性分析；可持續(xù)性評價(jià)