外文翻譯--破碎軟巖巷道圍巖的變形特征

1、2797 漢字， 漢字，2045 單詞， 單詞，10400 英文字符 英文字符出處： 出處：Wang J X, Lin M Y, Tian D X, et al. Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of broken and soft rock roadway[J]. Mining Science and Technology (China), 2009, 19(2): 20

2、5-209.Deformation characteristics of surrounding rock ofbroken and soft rock roadwayJX Wang, MY Lin, DX Tian, CL ZhaoAbstract: A similar material model and a numerical simulation were constructed and are described herein

3、. The deformation and failure of surrounding rock of broken and soft roadway are studied by using these models. The deformation of the roof and floor, the relative deformation of the two sides and the deformation of the

4、deep surrounding rock are predicted using the model. Measurements in a working mine are compared to the results of the models. The results show that the surrounding rock shows clear rheological features under high stress

5、 conditions. Deformation is unequally distributed across the whole section. The surrounding rock exhibited three deformation stages: displacement caused by stress concentration, rheological displacement after the digging

6、 effects had stabilized and displacement caused by supporting pressure of the roadway. Floor heave was serious, accounting for 65% of the total deformation of the roof and floor. Floor heave is the main reason for failur

7、e of the surrounding rock. The reasons for deformation of the surrounding rock are discussed based on the similar material and numerical simulations.Keywords: soft rock roadway; broken surrounding rock; similarity simula

8、tion; numerical simulation; deformation characteristics.1 IntroductionAs the depth of underground mining and railway tunnel construction increases failure problems in the soft rock get increasing attention from departme

9、nts of scientific research and construction. In the 1970’s, Salamon M D et al. proposed the energy supportingtheory. They thought that the supporting structure and surrounding rock of a roadway interact with each other a

10、nd deformed together. The supporting structure absorbs part of the energy that the surrounding rock releases in the the total depth of the roadway is 760 m. The roof of the roadway is 26 m below Coal 2 and the floor of t

11、he roadway is 14 m above Coal 3. The surrounding rocks of the roadway are mostly grey and black sandy mudstone. The mine-field structure is complex. The ground stress is high: the maximum principal stress is 25–30 MPa at

12、 cleavage fractures are an azimuth of 270o–275o. The well developed in the surrounding rock and there is serious broken deformation. Normal work was affected by large rapid deformations in many of the roadways. The effec

13、t is particularly obvious when the roadway is being dug and coal is being mined. Shrinkage of the roadway cross section is generally 30% and can sometimes reach 60%, which seriously affects safety during production. A ge

14、ologic histogram of the roadway is shown in Fig. 1. The section of the original design is a straight wall with an arch at the top. The original cross section as designed was 4.5×3.85 m 2. A combined support of U36 s

15、teel together with bolting and shotcrete with wire meshwas applied. The row distance of the steel was 600 mm; the length of the bolts was 2.0 m; the diameter of the bolts was 20 mm. A bolt was anchored with two resin car

16、tridges. The row distance of the bolts was also 600 mm. The thickness of the shotcrete with C20 was 150 mm. The original cross-sectional area of the roadway was 15.1 m 2.. Fig. 1 Geologic histogram of the roadway2.2 O