外文翻譯---射頻識別(rfid)趨勢的調(diào)查報(bào)告 英文

1、A Survey Paper on Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) TrendsChristoph Jechlitschek, christoph.jechlitschek@gmx.deAbstractThis paper provides a survey on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. Initially RFID

2、tags were developed to eventually replace barcodes in supply chains. Their advantages are that they can be read wirelessly and without line of sight, contain more information than barcodes, and are more robust. The paper

3、 describes the current technology, including the frequency ranges used and standards. With the increasing ubiquity of RFID tags, however, privacy became a concern. The paper outlines possible attacks that can violate one

4、's privacy and it also describes counter measures. The RFID technology did not stop at item-level tagging. The paper also presents current research that focuses on locating and tracking labeled object that move. Sinc

5、e the uses for RFID tags are so widespread, there is a large interest in lowering the costs for producing them. It turns out that printing tags might become a viable alternative to traditional production. The paper revie

6、ws the current progress.Keywords: Radio Frequency IDentification, RFID, RFID tags, Electronic Product Codes, EPC, Supply Chain Management, Security, organic printing, Location and TrackingSee also: Other Reports on Recen

7、t Advances in Networking Back to Raj Jain's Home PageTable of Contents? 1. Introduction? 2. Historic Development of RFID? 3. Current RFID Technology? 3.1 Energy Sources? 3.2 Frequency Bands? 3.3 Standards? 3.4 RFID S

8、ystems? 4. Security? 4.1 Privacy? 4.2 Authentication? 4.3 Attack ranges? 4.4 Attacks against RFID Systems? 5. RFID Location and Tracking? 6. New Production Methods? 7. Social Implications of RFID? 8. Summary? 9. Referenc

9、esPage 1 of 16 Radio Frequency IDentification - RFID5/9/2006 file://X:\www-docs\cse574-06\ftp\rfid\index.html3. Current RFID TechnologyThis section describes out of which parts RFID tags consist of, how they work in prin

10、ciple, and what types of tags do exist. It focuses on how tags are powered and what frequency ranges are used. The section concludes by covering a few important standards.RFID transponders (tags) consist in general of:?

11、Micro chip? Antenna? Case? Battery (for active tags only)The size of the chip depends mostly on the Antenna. Its size and form is dependent on the frequency the tag is using. The size of a tag also depends on its area of

12、 use. It can range from less than a millimeter for implants to the size of a book in container logistic. In addition to the micro chip, some tags also have rewritable memory attached where the tag can store updates betwe

13、en reading cycles or new data like serial numbers.A RFID tag is shown in figure 1. The antenna is clearly visible. As said before the antenna has the largest impact of the size of the tag. The microchip is visible in the

14、 center of the tag, and since this is a passive tag it does not have an internal power source.Figure 1: A passive RFID tag (from [Wiki-RFID], used under the GNU Free Documentation License)In principle an RFID tag works a

15、s follows: the reading unit generates an electro-magnetic field which induces a current into the tag's antenna. The current is used to power the chip. In passive tags the current also charges a condenser which assure

16、s uninterrupted power for the chip. In active tags a battery replaces the condenser. The difference between active and passive tags is explained shortly. Once activated the tag receives commands from the reading unit and

17、 replies by sending its serial number or the requested information. In general the tag does not have enough energy to create its own electro-magnetic field, instead it uses back scattering to modulate (reflect/absorb) th

18、e field sent by the reading unit. Because most fluids absorb electro-magnetic fields and most metal reflect those fields the reading of tags in presence of those materials is complicated.During a reading cycle, the reade

19、r has to continuously power the tag. The created field is called continuous wave, and because the strength of the field decreases with the square of thePage 3 of 16 Radio Frequency IDentification - RFID5/9/2006 file://X: