[雙語翻譯]水污染外文翻譯--水污染及其對人類健康的影響（英文）

1、JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN ISSN(Print): 2373-8324 ISSN(Online): 2373-8332 DOI: 10.15764/EH.2015.01005 Volume 2, Number 1, January 2015JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HUMANWater Pollution and its Impact on the Human Heal

2、thJoshua Nizel Halder1*, M. Nazrul Islam21Department of Environmental Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, Kangwon-do 220-702, Republic of Korea2Department of Environmental Science, Daffodil International University, D

3、haka 1207, Bangladesh*Corresponding author: nizel.joshua@yahoo.comAbstract:River pollution has been one of the main topics in the environmental issue of urban Dhaka, the capital cityof Bangladesh. This study was conducte

4、d to find out the pollution situation of Turag river and the healthproblem of the surrounding residents. The results clearly determine that the water quality of Turag rivermay not be in a position to sustain the aquatic

5、life and not suitable for using domestic purpose. This isindicated by the very low dissoloved oxygen (DO) levels and other measured parameters in the river. Themaximum recorded values of pH, color, turbidity, biochemical

6、 oxygen demand (BOD5), hardness, totaldissolved solids (TDS), chloride (Cl-), carbon-di-oxide (CO2) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were7.1 mg/L, 625 ptcu, 97.2, 4.65 mg/L, 1816 mg/L, 676mg/L, 5 mg/L, 15.5, and 78 mg/L,

7、 respectively. Themaximum concentration of turbidity, BOD, hardness, TDS, and COD found in the Turag river is much higherthan the standard permissible limit. The study also provides evidence that local communities are su

8、fferingfrom a variety of health problems including skin, diarrhea, dysentery, respiratory illnesses, anemia andcomplications in childbirth. Yellow fever, cholera, dengue, malaria and other epidemic diseases are alsoavail

9、able in this area. Furthermore, the people are suffering by the odor pollution and respiratory problems.Keywords:Turag River;Pollution;Impact;Human Health1. INTRODUCTIONWater is the most vital element among the natural r

10、esources, and is critical for the survival of all living organismsincluding human, food production, and economic development. Today there are many cities worldwide facing anacute shortage of water and nearly 40 percent o

11、f the world’s food supply is grown under irrigation and a wide varietyof industrial processes depends on water. The environment, economic growth, and developments are all highlyinfluenced by water-its regional and season

12、al availability, and the quality of surface and groundwater. The quality ofwater is affected by human activities and is declining due to the rise of urbanization, population growth, industrialproduction, climate change a

13、nd other factors. The resulting water pollution is a serious threat to the well-being ofboth the Earth and its population.Bangladesh is a deltaic land created and flown over by numerous rivers; the land is also consisten

14、tly nourishedby their water flows. Pollution of river bodies has become a major problem that is becoming critical because ofinadequacy or non-existence of surface water quality protection measures and sanitation. Lagoons

15、, rivers and streams36JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN(a) (b)Figure 1. Study Area along the Turag River (a); A Closer View of the Study Area (b)In this study the primary data were the pictures, sampling data, interviews

16、of people, field observation etc. Thefield observation obtain the physical condition of the study. In case of secondary data, map and information has beencollected from Department of Environment (DOE), Bangladesh Water D

17、evelopment Board (BWDB), BangladeshUniversity of Engineering and Technology (BUET) and Institute of Water Modelling (IWM). Also from the annualreport of World Bank annual report of “Water quality and environment of Dhaka

18、 Bangladesh”, special report fromthe Department of Fisheries (DoF), the Management of Aquatic ecosystem through Community Husbandry (MACH),and the Turag project of the Bangladesh Center for Advance Studies.2.3 Data Colle

19、ction MethodsThe steps that have been adopted to attain the objectives of the study were as follows:1. Primary data were obtained from field observation and this was needed to know about the existing physical andenvironm

20、ental condition of the study.2. Secondary data have been collected from DOE, BWDB, BUET and IWM, special report from the DoF, MACH,the Turag project of the Bangladesh Center for Advance Studies.3. Water Samples and photo

21、graphs have been collected from different locations of the Turag river and watersamples tested in the MIST Environmental Engineering laboratory.4. Recent surface water quality data has been collected from DOE and Environ

22、mental laboratory in CivilEngineering department of BUET as test sample.5. Water quality and pollution loads analyzed to find out the present water quality scenario, trend of waterpollution and percent of increase in pol

23、lution loading. Besides, reports, thesis, journals and expert opinionswere collected from different organizations and internet.6. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews with community members to identify

24、their perceivedcurrent and historical health problems. The second involved the gathering of secondary data and the undertakingof interviews with health workers in the area to determine whether the perceived changes to he

25、alth expressed bythe local population matched the health trends observed by local health professionals. To collect this data, ourtool was taking “Interview with the people” of this location. The respondent persons were f