[雙語翻譯]--環(huán)境與藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯--景觀生態(tài)公園中的設(shè)計(jì)模式（原文）

1、225 Recebido: dia/mês/ano Aceito: dia/mês/ano Ciência eNatura, Santa Maria, v. 37 Part 1 2014, p. 225?236 ISSN impressa: 0100-8307 ISSN on-line: 2179-460X A Pattern for Eco-park design in Beshghardash l

2、andscape Mojgan Ghorbanzadeh1, Seyed Hasan Taghvaei 2 1 Instructor, Department of Architecture, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran 2 Associate Professor, Department of landscape Architecture, Shahid Beheshti University

3、,Tehran, Iran Abstract Nowadays, attention to strengthen environmental problems, effected from increasing population and process of development in countries, one of the major concern of designers is recognition of the su

4、itable conditions of natural environment, and promotion of the environmental quality. This case with focus to present capabilities and uses of biodiversity and domestic is applied. Eco-park is one of the capabilities whi

5、ch have been designed to the following objectives: Protection of environment and environmental technology progress, Promenade and demonstrate, Learning information for public and Displaying unification between nature and

6、 human and their mutual relationship for promotion the comprehension of environment. This paper is about investigation and recognition of capabilities, for creating the suitable situation to change as regional Eco-park.

7、The Case study is named “Beshghardash“ that is located in 5th Kilometers Bodjnourd ( center of northern Khorasan province ). This region has approximately 380 hectares area and located in cold and dry climate , which is

8、 one of the attractive tourism centers in this region . This study is based on four principles as the following: Protection principle, Development principle, Principle of responsibility to public welfare in present and f

9、uture, Adapting with situations principle. Finally pattern of designing the Beshghardash Eco-park following the objectives which are in sustainable environment and can say that Beshghardash Eco-park is a natural environm

10、ent , which moreover to verify to environmental values can answer the sustainable development , like improving the humans life quality. Keywords: Eco-park, Beshghardash, sustainability, semi arid landscape. . 227 Receb

11、ido: dia/mês/ano Aceito: dia/mês/ano center of province of Northern Khorasan) in north-east of Iran (see Figure 1). The word “Beshqardash“ in local language means five brothers. According a historical truth, t

12、hese brothers had taken refuge in this area from tyranny of Mongol governors and had fought against them. Such natural and historical area includes a running spring, very old trees (more than100 years old), many brooks a

13、nd streams, and old tomb with a beautiful blue color dome which has view among the old trees branches. This place is surrounded by rock mountains and hills, including a 30m high hill on the east with five spring emerging

14、 on its foot. The medical experts believe that the water from the spring is beneficial for some medical and healing properties. It unbelievably benefits from a permanent spring per 10 Kilometers and in fact, no oth

15、er place has known with such a unique situation in terms of widespread springs in mountain environment. Therefore, the city comprehensive design insisted on Beshghardash project because of its natural potentials: abundan

16、t drinking water, suitable morphology, natural and artificial coverage, its availability and near access to Bojnord city either on foot or by car. 3 Environmental Approaches and “Ecologist Landscape Design” During the en

17、vironmental challenges on the beginning of 20th century, there are major approaches to nature and environmental value that emerged from returning to understanding of vernacular tacit knowledge, and ecological approaches

18、of academies around the world. These issues had wide range effect on design theories, planning and practice in the middle of last century. In addition, the relevant literature spans an immense range from ancient religio

19、us, spiritual and even mythical references to modern technical and scientific studies. In 1986, Tylor as biology-based scientists has been propounded environmental ethics who has a deep respect for nature. In Tylor’s opi

20、nion, natural behaviors are suitable pattern for assigning human-nature relation. It is the Structure and operation of earth ecosystem, which clarifies the true relation between human and world's nature. Ecological b

21、alance between organisms as well as them and their environment in a healthy ecosystem should be our guidance in formation of a human culture coordinated with nature's system? 6? . As a basic environmental-ecol

22、ogical theory and ecocentric thought, Ian McHarg’s presentation of an “ecological method” for regional planning and design expresses something of aesthetic motivation underlying the method during forty years. The

23、 book of Design with Nature (1996) by McHarg, had intensive effect on planning and design theories and methods. “While McHarg advocated his theory and, fortunately John T. Lyle’s long term researches on environmental an

24、d sustainable design and in particular, his idea Regenerative Design sets powerful expression of a more adaptive ecological approach.” ?7? Lyle believes that “If we accept that the current level of ecological conscio

25、usness is part of the beginning of a long-lasting, fundamental change in attitudes and environmental values, then landscape architecture must bear a large measure of responsibility for making aesthetic sense out of this

26、attitudinal metamorphosis”. ? 8? As a landscape architect and specialist designer of desert climate, John C. Krieg? 9? regarding ecology-oriented landscaping and considering ecological characteristics, some of impo

27、rtant factors of his idea about desert design techniques are: Speak the local vernacular, Theme Gardens Evoke Emotions, Apply the unusual, Maximize views, Introduce water, and Invite wildlife. Figur1 1: An overview