基于照片分析和手繪認(rèn)知地圖的水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)景觀意象研究——以周莊為例

1、上海師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 摘要 I 摘要 摘要 本文從景觀意象角度出發(fā)，嘗試采用照片分析法和手繪認(rèn)知地圖的方法定量研究江南水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)景觀意象，一方面是對(duì)意象理論研究方法的一種探索，同時(shí)更為準(zhǔn)確地得出旅游者對(duì)水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)景觀意向要素的感知情況，為當(dāng)

2、地旅游資源的開(kāi)發(fā)重點(diǎn)指明方向，從而達(dá)到促進(jìn)水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)旅游業(yè)發(fā)展的目的。 在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于景觀意象和古鎮(zhèn)景觀相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理的基礎(chǔ)上，確定了本文的選題——基于照片分析和手繪認(rèn)知地圖的水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)景觀意象研究——以周莊為例。本文采用網(wǎng)絡(luò)游記中的照片作為研究對(duì)象，統(tǒng)計(jì)分析各景觀要素出現(xiàn)的頻次，同時(shí)還采用認(rèn)知地圖法實(shí)地調(diào)，鼓勵(lì)旅游者畫出印象最深的古鎮(zhèn)認(rèn)知地圖，在繪圖之前對(duì)他們進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)說(shuō)明，保證了研究目的的有效性。這些手繪地圖是旅游者在游覽古鎮(zhèn)時(shí)對(duì)古鎮(zhèn)景

3、觀感知的匯總與表達(dá)，是古鎮(zhèn)景觀在旅游者腦中的反饋。采用旅游者繪制認(rèn)知地圖的方式采集數(shù)據(jù)，同時(shí)與照片分析法的分析結(jié)果相比較，最后得到水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)總的景觀意象，結(jié)論如下： （1） 基于照片分析法和手繪認(rèn)知地圖法得到通道類景觀意象要素排名前三的是河道、沿河街道（街市） 、水巷（水弄） 。這說(shuō)明在旅游者心目中，密集的河網(wǎng)是古鎮(zhèn)的主要代表，在旅游者腦海中的印象非常深刻。 （2） 其中對(duì)節(jié)點(diǎn)類景觀意象要素的感知主要集中水陸交叉節(jié)點(diǎn)和陸上節(jié)點(diǎn)，陸上節(jié)點(diǎn)景

4、觀意象要素中旅游者對(duì)民居的感知率最高，在水陸交叉節(jié)點(diǎn)中旅游者對(duì)橋及橋頭空間、水埠的感知率最高，特別是對(duì)雙橋這一代表景觀的印象最深。 （3）標(biāo)志類景觀意象要素中旅游者感知率較高的景觀要素有船（37%，25%） 、特色商店（24%，18%） 、 （名人故居（9%，28%） 、樹(shù)（4%，12%） 。河道上往來(lái)的船只是水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)生活方式的縮影，現(xiàn)已成為水鄉(xiāng)古鎮(zhèn)最具代表性的景觀。旅游者對(duì)特色商店的感知主要集中在“紙箱王” 、 “貓的天空” 、 “萬(wàn)

5、三豬蹄” 、 “三毛茶館”這些商店，同時(shí)旅游者對(duì)張廳、沈廳、沈萬(wàn)三故居感知率較高。 （4） 由照片分析法和手繪認(rèn)知地圖法可知， 旅游者對(duì)古鎮(zhèn)水邊緣的感知在Shanghai Normal University Master of Philosophy Abstract III Abstract Start from the

6、 angle of the landscape image in the paper， try to analysis the Jiangnan water town landscape image with Image analysis and hand-painted cognitive map，on the one hand，is an exploration of the research methods of image th

7、eory，at the same time，can get tourists perception of waterfront town landscape intention elements more accurately，then can give direction to the development of local tourism resources，so as to achieve the aim of promotin

8、g of ancient town tourism development. Based on the related literature about the landscape image and the ancientlandscape，summed up the research status both at home and abroad，then determine the topic of this paper——The

9、research of water town landscape image with image analysis and hand-painted cognitive map，Zhouzhuang as example. Photos in travel blogs are the research object. Statistical analysis of frequency of each landscape element

10、s，at the same time，based on the cognitive map field tuning method，encourage tourists to draw the most impressive town cognitive map. Before drawing，explain to them on the site，ensure the validity of the research purpose.

11、 These hand-drawing maps are town landscape aggregation and expression of tourists， is the feedback of ancient landscape in tourists ' brain. The conclusion is as follows： (1) Based on image analysis and hand-painted

12、 cognitive maps， we knowthat in channel landscape image elements， the top three are river， along the streets， water alley. It shows that dense river is the main representative of theancient town，tourists engrave deeply.

13、(2) The perception of node landscape image elements concentrate on amphibious cross nodes and the nodes of the land，among land nodes，tourists pay more attention to local-style dwelling houses，among amphibious cross nodes

14、，tourists pay more attention to bridge and Water port，especially Shuang Qiao. (3) Among mark landscape image elements，higher rate of tourists perception in landscape elements are ship (37%， 25%)， specialty shops (24%， 18

15、%)，celebrity former residence (9%，9%)，tree (4%，12%). The ships on the riveris a microcosm of the waterfront town lifestyle，and now，has the most representative landscape of water town. Tourist perception of specialty shop