新人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總

1、12017 2017 年人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總 年人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總Unit 1 What’s the matter?一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)1. What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】matter/ ' mæt?(r)) /n.問題；事情What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What

2、’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？【注】： matter 和 trouble 為名詞，其前可加 the 或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí)，與介詞 with 連用。即：What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = Wh

3、at happens to sb.?— What’s the matter with you ?— I have a bad cold.2. I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a heada

4、che 頭疼3. 身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛4. much too+ 形容詞，意為太...... ，too much+名詞，意為很多，大量。5. enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough 放在名前后，形副后。

5、good enough 足夠好，enough money=much money6. lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺著，過去式 lay；lie 說謊，過去式 lied7. maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be 的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It so

6、unds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，The music sounds nice.9. need 需要，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 need+名詞，需要某物；need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：You need to listen carefully duri

7、ng class.need doing sth.主語通常是物，表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10. get off (the bus) 下（公交車） get on 上車11. agree 同意，贊同；agree with sth. 同意某事如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb. 同意某人的意見如：I agree to LiLei.12. troub

8、le 問題，麻煩；be in trouble 遇到麻煩，make trouble 制造麻煩，have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做......有麻煩。13. right away=right now=at once，意為馬上。14. advice [不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見， give sb. advice on sth.就某事給某

9、人建議； advise [動(dòng)詞] advise sb. to do sth. 建議某人做某事advise sb. doing sth.【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise 練習(xí)、鍛煉當(dāng) exercise 意為“練習(xí)”時(shí)，為可數(shù)名詞即可加 s當(dāng) exercise 意為“鍛煉”時(shí)，為不可數(shù)名詞即不加 s16. hurt 及物動(dòng)詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物動(dòng)詞，……（部位）疼。

10、 His leg hurt badly.clean 【動(dòng)詞】打掃，clean the classroom 打掃教室， 【形容詞】干凈的，cleaner 意為清潔工。18. hit （用手或器具）打；擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打較硬的部位；hit sb. in the face/ ey

11、e/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打較軟的部位。be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了……、做某事，強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “變得習(xí)慣，逐漸適應(yīng)……

12、”強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作：第 3 頁共 52 頁2. cheer (sb.) up（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來 The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3. give out 分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當(dāng)于 hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth. out to sb. 意為把某物分發(fā)給某人。4.

13、volunteer 【名詞】志愿者【動(dòng)詞】義務(wù)做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事，The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5. used to do sth.過去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事，表示過去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。There used to be a cinema here. 這里曾有一個(gè)照

14、相機(jī)。They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過去的故事。6. alone 【形容詞】獨(dú)自一人的，無感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely （感到）孤獨(dú)寂寞的，帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。The lonely boy i

15、s not lonely now.7. care for sb./sth.照顧；照料……care 【名詞】小心，關(guān)心 take care of=look after →【動(dòng)詞】care about sb./sth.關(guān)心，在意某人/事→【形容詞】careful 仔細(xì)的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細(xì)地8. such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞such+ a/ a

16、n+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么精彩的比賽such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物如果名詞前被 many, much, few, little 修飾時(shí)，只能用 so，而不用 such：so many si

17、ck children/ so little time9. try out for…參加…選拔，爭(zhēng)取成為…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out 試用，試驗(yàn)10. journey 【名詞】 （尤指長(zhǎng)途）旅行，行程；trip【名詞】多指短途旅行；travel【名詞、動(dòng)詞】travel around the world →【名詞】tr

18、aveler 旅行者11.【復(fù)習(xí)】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情12.【復(fù)習(xí)】try doing sth. 試著去做某事 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 盡某人最大的努力去做某事13.【復(fù)習(xí)】be worried about sb./ sth. = wo

19、rry about sb./ sth. 擔(dān)心某人、某事14. raise money 集資，籌錢；raise money for…為……籌錢raise【動(dòng)詞】舉起；提高；募集15. keep【動(dòng)詞】keep+名詞，保留（某物） ；keep+形容詞，保持16.【形容詞】broken 破損的，出毛病的；blind 瞎的，失明的；deaf 聾的；disabled 有殘疾的，喪失能力的；在句中做定語和表語。make it possible

20、(for sb.) to do sth.使（某人）做某事成為可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容詞(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成為…； think/find it +形容詞 to do sth. 18. make a difference to…對(duì)……有影響；對(duì)……有作用，difference 前可以用 no,

21、 any, some, much 等修飾，如The rain made no difference to the game. Hard-working makes much difference to study.19. difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時(shí)為不可數(shù)；表示具體的“難題、難事”時(shí)為可數(shù)；have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have troub

22、le (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難20. train【動(dòng)詞】訓(xùn)練，trained 為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓(xùn)練的”a trained dog21. be excited about sth. 對(duì)某事感到興奮，Everyone is excited about the good news.【復(fù)習(xí)】excited 意為興奮的，修飾人；exciting 意為令人興奮/激動(dòng)的，修飾物。22. order【名詞】命令

23、，指示；順序，次序【動(dòng)詞】訂購；點(diǎn)（菜）follow the order。23. change【動(dòng)詞】變化，改變 It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名詞】變化；零錢change A for B 用 A 換成 B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.repair 【動(dòng)詞】修理，修補(bǔ)