《夏徛榮考研英語認知詞匯一本通》高頻詞根

1、 高頻詞根小結(jié) 【特別提示】在英語語言歷史演變的過程中，單詞的詞形和詞義都會發(fā)生或多或少的變化，但是“萬變不離其中” 。這個“中”就是某一單詞的“核心含義” 。詞根、詞綴是構(gòu)成英語單詞的元素，了解、牢記和把握這些元素，不僅可以牢固地掌握單詞的意義，達到事半功倍的學(xué)習(xí)效果。對于應(yīng)試的讀者，詞根在篇章中所起到的一致性和連貫性的作用更是非同小可的。本詞根表中，出現(xiàn)的詞匯僅僅為考試大綱詞匯表要求的詞匯，但是如果掌握好這些詞根，也同樣為將來的學(xué)習(xí)

2、打下了堅實的基礎(chǔ)。 【符號說明】最前面部分為詞根，詞根有兩種：自由詞根（例如“act”，可以單獨構(gòu)成詞匯）和附著詞根（例如“-ag-”，不可單獨用作詞匯） 。單詞后帶“*”為超綱詞匯。 “-acer- / -egr-”: sour; sharp （酸； 鋒利） → acid; acute; acrimony; eager; vinegar; “-act - / -ag-”: do; perform; drive （做； 行為； 沖）

3、 → act; action; actor; activate; activity; agency; agent; agenda; agitate; essay; exact; interact; react; transaction; activist*; agile*; “-aer / -air-”: air; mist （空氣）→ aerial; aeroplane; airplane; aerobics; air; aircr

4、aft; airline; airport; “-aesm / -aesti-”: estimate; value（估計） → aim; estimate; esteem; “-agri- / -ager-”: field; land（田野；地） → agriculture; agrarian; pilgrim; “-add- / -dere- / -agger-”: heap; put （堆積； 放置）→ add; additiona

5、l; addition; exaggerate; “-agon-”: struggle; anguish（痛苦） → agony; “-aisl / -isle-”: wing（翼） → aisle; “-ali- / - alt - / -el-”: foreign; other; (change) （外；其他；變化） → alien; alter; alternate; altruism; else; elsewhere; unal

6、ienable*; adulterate*; “-alti- / -alto-”: high; top（高；提高）→ altitude; alto; enhance; old; “-am- / -ama- / -ami-”: love（愛） → amateur; amiable; enemy; “-ambi-”: going around （走動）→ ambassador; ambiguous; ambition; ambulance

7、; amble; “-amplus-”: spacious （大；寬敞）→ ample; amplify; amplifier; “-anima-” : life; breath; mind（生命） → animal; animate; unanimous; animate*; “-ann-”: years（年） → anniversary; annual; “-ante- / -ant- / -anti-”: before（前；之前

8、） → anticipate; “-apt- / -ept- ”: fit; fitted; suitable; fasten（適當(dāng)；緊） → apt; adapt; adaptation; inept; “-arc-”: bow（弓） → arch; “-archi-”: chief（主要） → architect; architecture; “-arm-”: weapon （武器）→ arm; alarm; “-art- /

9、-arti- / -ert-”: craftsmanship （藝術(shù)；技藝）→ art; artist; artificial; inertia; “-aster- / -astr-”: stars（星星） → astronaut; disaster; disastrous; “-atmo-”: vapor（氣）→ atmosphere; “-auc- / -aug- / -auth-”: increase; growth （增加）

10、 → auction; augment; author; authority; auxiliary; “-aud- / -aur- / -edi-”: hear; hearing; ear（聽） → audience; audit; aural; obedience; obedient; obey; ; “-auto- / -auth-”: self; genuine （自己； 真正的）→ authentic; automate;

11、 automobile; automatic; automation; “-avan- / -aban- / -ante-”: set out before （前）→ advance; advanced; advantage; disadvantage; vantage; “-avia-”: bird（鳥） → aviation; “-balk- / -balc”: beam; ridge（橫梁；阻礙） → balcony; “-ba

12、ll- / -bull- / -bu- / -bow- / -pill-”: dance; globe （球； 圓） → ball; ballet; balloon; bowl; bowling; bubble; bulb; bull; bullet; bulletin; bully; pill; bud （等） ；// pillow; “-band- / -bend- / -bond- / -bind- / -bunc-”: jo

13、in; combine (limit) （結(jié)合；限制）→ abandon; ban; band; bandage; bend; bind; bond; binding; bound; boundary; bunch*; bondage*; “-bank- / -bench- / -banqu-”: bench （長凳“過去為金融交易的地方” ）→ bank; bankrupt; bench; banquet; bench; “-ba

14、r-”: stick; rod （長木條）→ bar; barrel; embarrassment; “-bas- / -bass-”: of low height; pedestal （基礎(chǔ)） → base; baseball; basic; basis; database; “-bat- / -bar- / -bell-”: club; hit （木棍；打擊）→ bar; barrel; barrier; bat; batter

15、y; battle; combat; debate; batter*; belligerent*; abate*; baton*; billiard*; rebuke*; “-bene- /-bon-”: good （好；善）→ benefit; beneficial; bonus; “-bi- / -bin- / -bo-”: two; twice （二；兩；雙）→ combine; binary; balance; bicycle

16、; billion; biscuit; both; combination; combine; “-biblio-”: books（書） → Bible; bibliography; “-bill- / -bull-”: seal; document; boss （玉璽； 印章） → bill; bulletin; bull; bully; “-bio- / -bi-”: life（生命） → biography; aerobics

17、; “-blam- / -blasm-”: blaspheme（褻瀆） → blame; blaspheme*; “-brac-”: arms（雙臂） → brace; bracket; brake; embrace; “-bread- / -breed- / -brib-”: crumb; morsel （面包）→ bread; breed; bribe; bribery; “-break- / -breach- / -brick-

18、”: break （打破） → break; breach; brick; brisk; “-brev- / -brief-”: short （短；簡）→ brief; brevity; “-bri- / -brill-”: shine （閃耀）→ bright; brighten; brilliant; occur; occurrence; recur; recourse*; “-covr- / -cover-”: cover ov

19、er （覆蓋）→ cover; discover; uncover; “-creat”: make; produce（產(chǎn)生；創(chuàng)造） → create; creation; creativity; creature; creationism; recreate; “-cred”: credit; faith（相信） → credential; credit; discredit; credible; credulous; grant; i

20、ncredible; creed*; “-cres / -creas- / -cruit-”: grow（增加，增長） → concrete; crew; decrease; increase; increasingly; recruit; crescent*; create(類別) “-crim-”: verdict; accusation; → crime; criminal; criminologist*; “-crimin-

21、 / -cris- / -crit- // -cros- / -crux-”: ①cross; ②divide; decide; able to discern （十字形；分開，區(qū)分）→ cross; crucial; cruise; // crisis; criteria; discriminate; discrimination; crusade*; “-crop-”: sprout; craw （萌芽；芽） → crop; cr

22、uise; “-crud- / -crud- / -crue-”: press; hurry （血腥， 粗糙； 敦促； 急迫）→ crude; cruel; cruelty; crowd; “-cuit- / -cuis-”: cook（烹飪） → biscuit; “-cum(u)- / -cil-”: heap up （堆積）→ accumulate; council; coil; cull*; “-cur- / -car- /

23、 -cher-”: care; dear （關(guān)心；珍愛） → accurate; accuracy; care; careful; caress; charity; cherish; cure; curious; secure; security; charity*; precarious*; “-cus- / -curs-”: curse（詛咒） → accuse; curse; excuse; “-damn- / -demn- /

24、 -temn-”: damn（譴責(zé)） → condemn; contempt; damage; damn; danger; “-day- / -dai-”: day （日；天）→ dial; daily; day; diary; “-dec- / -deci-”: ten（十） → dean; decade; December; decimal; “-dece- / -deco-”: ornament（教堂裝飾） → decent; d

25、ecorate; “-demo-”: people; folk （民； 民眾）→ democracy; democratic; epidemic; demography*; “-dense-”: thick（厚；濃） → condense; dense; density; “-deterior-”: worse（更糟糕） → deteriorate; “-di- / -du- / -doub- / -dub-”: two（二，兩，雙

26、；懷疑，可疑） → dilemma; double; dubious; duplicate; dual*; doubt; doubtful; undoubtedly; “-dic-”: fix （固定；決定） → addict; “-dic / -diti- / -dex- / -doc- / -dox-”: ①speak; ②teach; show; belief（ 說 ； 教 ， 信 仰 ） → condition; contra

27、dict; contradiction; contradictory; dedicate; dictate; dictation; discipline; index; indicate; indication; predict; verdict; // doctor; doctrine; document; orthodox; paradox; indict*; jurisdiction*; docile*; dogma*; “-d

28、igni- / -divi- / -divu- / -dei-”: god; worth; merit （神； 價值， 優(yōu)點）→ divine; dignity; indignity*; disdain*; “-domai- / -domi-”: lord（貴族；封地） → domain; dome; domestic; dominant; dominate; domineering*; dauntless*; “-dorm / -

29、diz- / -doz- / -daz-”: sleep; quiet; lull; weak（睡眠；眩目；安靜） → dazzle; dizzy; doze; dormant; dormitory; daze*; “-dot / -dote- / -don- / -dat- / -dos- / -dit-”: give; grant（給予；授予） → anecdote; donate; dote; data; date; dose;

30、 dosage; edit; editor; edition; editorial; endow; pardon; render; tradition; treason; update; up-to-date; “-drain- / -dry- / -drou-”: dry （干燥）→ drain; draught; dry; drought; drug; draw; dredge*; “-dram- / -dras-”: do;

31、perform（做；履行） → drama; dramatically; drastic; “-dress-”: direct; straight; arrange（直接；安排） → address; dress; “-drift- / -drive-”: float（漂移） → drift; “-duc- / -duct- / -doc-”: lead （領(lǐng)， 導(dǎo)）→ conduce; conduct; deduce; doc

32、k; educate; education; induce; introduce; introduction; produce; product; production; productivity; reduce; reduction; reproduce; seduce*; “-due- / -dev- / -deb-”: owe （欠）→ debt; due; duty; endeavor; undue; unduly*; due

33、s*; “-dur- / -duur-”: last; harden （延續(xù)； 艱辛）→ door; durable; duration; during; endurance; endure; indulge; “-dare- / -durr- / -turr-”: venture; dare（冒險） → dare; “-ease- / -aise-” : comfort; to relieve（安逸；減輕） → disease;

34、ease; easy; uneasy; “-eco-”: life; environment; money（生命；環(huán)境；金錢） → ecology; economic; economical; economics; economy; “-equa-”: to equal; level（平等；等同） → adequate; equal; equality; equation; equivalent; “-ern-”: energetic

35、; activity（能量；活動） → earnest; energy; “-err-”: wanderer; to err（偏移；過錯） → erroneous; error; “-esse- / -ens- / -esse- / -est-”: to exist; to be（存在） → absent; absence; entity; essence; interest; presence; present; presently;

36、 represent; representative; “-eston- / -stun-”: strike with thunder（打擊；驚異） → astonish; pierce; “-et- / -eat- / -ed-”: eat（吃） → eat; eatable; edible; “-ethn- / -ethno-”: nation; race（民族；種族） → ethnic; “-exam- / -exem-”: w

37、eigh; take out（掂量；取樣） → exam; examination; example; sample; “-exo- / -ext-”: outside（在外） → exotic; exterior; external; extra; extreme; “-fabr- / -forg-”: workshop; craftsman （制作；工藝）→ fabric; fabricate; forge; “-face- / -

38、fac- / -fect- / -fic- / -fy / -feas- / -fair- / -feat-”: to do; to make; // easy; facile （做， 作， 制； 容易）→ affair; affect; benefit; beneficial; to certificate; defeat; defect; deficient; effect; effective; efficiency; effi

39、cient; exemplify; face; fact; factor; factory; fashion; fashionable; feasible; feat; feature; fiction; infect; infection; office; officer; official; perfect; perfection; proficiency; profit; profitable; suffice; sufficie

40、nt; superficial; surface; faction*; // difficult; difficulty; facilitate; facility; faculty; facet*; prefecture*; profiteering*; // fatigue; “-fail- / -fal- / -faut-”: to disappoint; deceitful （失誤， 失望； 欺騙）→ fail; f