2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、外文原文TheAVRcecombinesarichinstructionsetwith32generalpurposewkingregisters.Allthe32registersaredirectlyconnectedtotheArithmeticLogicUnit(ALU)allowingtwoindependentregisterstobeaccessedinonesingleinstructionexecutedinonecl

2、ockcycle.TheresultingarchitectureismecodeefficientwhileachievingthroughputsuptotentimesfasterthanconventionalCISCmicrocontrollers.TheATmega16providesthefollowingfeatures:16KbytesofInSystemProgrammableFlashProgrammemywith

3、ReadWhileWritecapabilities512bytesEEPROM1KbyteSRAM32generalpurposeIOlines32generalpurposewkingregistersaJTAGinterfacefBoundaryscanOnchipDebuggingsupptprogrammingthreeflexibleTimerCounterswithcomparemodesInternalExternalI

4、nterruptsaserialprogrammableUSARTabyteientedTwowireSerialInterfacean8channel10bitADCwithoptionaldifferentialinputstagewithprogrammablegain(TQFPpackageonly)aprogrammableWatchdogTimerwithInternalOscillatanSPIserialptsixsof

5、twareablepowersavingmodes.TheIdlemodestopstheCPUwhileallowingtheUSARTTwowireinterfaceADConverterSRAMTimerCountersSPIptinterruptsystemtocontinuefunctioning.ThePowerdownmodesavestheregistercontentsbutfreezestheOscillatdisa

6、blingallotherchipfunctionsuntilthenextExternalInterruptHardwareReset.InPowersavemodetheAsynchronousTimercontinuestorunallowingtheusertomaintainatimerbasewhiletherestofthedeviceissleeping.TheADCNoiseReductionmodestopstheC

7、PUallIOmodulesexceptAsynchronousTimerADCtominimizeswitchingnoiseduringADCconversions.InStbymodethecrystalresonatOscillatisrunningwhiletherestofthedeviceissleeping.Thisallowsveryfaststartupcombinedwithlowpowerconsumption.

8、InExtendedStbymodeboththemainOscillattheAsynchronousTimercontinuetorun.WhenconfiguredasaSlavetheSPIinterfacewillremainsleepingwithMISOtristatedaslongastheSSpinisdrivenhigh.InthisstatesoftwaremayupdatethecontentsoftheSPID

9、ataRegisterSPDRbutthedatawillnotbeshiftedoutbyincomingclockpulsesontheSCKpinuntiltheSSpinisdrivenlow.AsonebytehasbeencompletelyshiftedtheendofTransmissionFlagSPIFisset.IftheSPIInterruptEnablebitSPIEintheSPCRRegisterisset

10、aninterruptisrequested.TheSlavemaycontinuetoplacenewdatatobesentintoSPDRbefereadingtheincomingdata.ThelastincomingbytewillbekeptintheBufferRegisterflateruse.VS1003isasinglechipMP3WMAIaudiodecoderADPCMencoder.Itcontainsah

11、ighperfmanceproprietarylowpowerDSPprocessceVSDSP4wkingdatamemy5KiBinstructionRAM0.5KiBdataRAMfuserapplicationsserialcontrolinputdatainterfaces4generalpurposeIOpinsanUARTaswellasahighqualityvariablesampleratemonoADCstereo

12、DACfollowedbyanearphoneamplifieragroundbuffer.VS1003receivesitsinputbitstreamthroughaserialinputbuswhichitlistenstoasasystemslave.Theinputstreamisdecodedpassedthroughadigitalvolumecontroltoan18bitoversamplingmultibitsigm

13、adeltaDAC.Thedecodingiscontrolledviaaserialcontrolbus.InadditiontothebasicdecodingitispossibletoaddapplicationspecificfeatureslikeDSPeffectstotheuserRAMmemy.(1)SPIBusesTheSPIBusthatwasiginallyusedinsomeMotoladeviceshasbe

14、enusedfbothVS1003’sSerialDataInterfaceSDI(Chapters7.48.4)SerialControlInterfaceSCI.(2)DataRequestPinDREQTheDREQpinsignalisusedtosignalifVS1003’sFIFOiscapableofreceivingdata.IfDREQishighVS1003cantakeatleast32bytesofSDIdat

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