2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題（含答案詳解+作文范文）_第1頁
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1、西電科大經(jīng)管院畢業(yè)論文ThewldofXMLisvastgrowingwithahugevarietyofstardstechnologiesthatinteractincomplexways.ItcanbedifficultfbeginnerstonavigatethemostimptantaspectsofXMLfuserstokeeptrackofnewentrieschangesinthespace.ExtensibleMark

2、upLanguageXMLprovidesawaytomarkupcontentthataddsinfmationaboutitspurpose.WiththeinfmationstedusingXMLanapplicationknownasaparsercanreliablyextracttherelevantinfmationprocessitaccdinglyfmultiplesituations.XMLcanbeusedinaw

3、idevarietyofapplicationsbutthebottomlineisthis:Itsawaytorepresentdata.Insomecasesthatdataisintendedfadatabaseinothersitsmeanttobereadbyaperson.TechnologiesrelatedtobothoftheseusessuchasdatavalidationXSLTransfmationshaveb

4、eenevolvingalongwithXMLitself.XMLincludestheabilitytovalidateconfirmthestructure(tosomeextent)contentofadocument.Validatingadocumenthelpstopreventproblemswhenthedatainteractswithanapplicationthatexpectsaparticularstructu

5、rewhichisparticularlyusefulwhenXMLmustinteractwithnonXMLlegacysystems.TheinitialXML1.0RecommendationincludessupptfDocumentTypeDefinitions(DTDs)whichprovidesomevalidationcapabilities.W3CXMLSchemasextendthosecapabilitiespr

6、ovideameXMLlikesyntax.DataencapsulatedinXMLcanbeusedinanumberofways.OnecommonmeansofmanipulatingitisthroughtheuseofExtensibleStylesheetLanguageTransfmations(XSLT)whichenabledeveloperstodefineoperationsthatmustbeperfmedon

7、anXMLdocumenttoproduceaspecificresult.Thisabilitytotransfminfmationontheflymakesitpossibletouseasinglesourcefmultipleoutputswhetherthoseoutputsleadtodifferentdatabasestodifferentbrowsers.XSLFmattingObjects(XSLFO)isapower

8、fulflexibleXMLvocabularyffmattingdataoftenusedwithXSLTtoconvertXMLHTMLdocumentstoPDF(ptabledocumentfmat).ManydevelopersexpectthatXMLschemaswillsoonsupplantDTDsfspecifyingXMLdocumenttypes.DavidMertzisskepticalthatschemasw

9、illreplaceDTDsthoughhebelievesthatXMLschemasareaninvaluabletoolinadevelopersarsenal.ThisinstallmentoftheXMLMatterscolumnstepsuptothechallengeofcomparingschemasDTDsclarifyingjustwhatisgoingonintheXMLschemawld.Whiletherear

10、eanumberofinstanceswhereW3CXMLSchemasexcelthereremainnohelessanumberofareaswhereDTDsarebetter.Developersarecontinuallyleftwithtoughchoices(whichisnotunusualintheXMLwld).Letsbeginthejourneyofstingthroughsomeofthosechoices

11、.MuchofthepointofusingXMLasadatarepresentationfmatisthepossibilityofspecifyingstructuralrequirementsfdocuments:rulesfexactlywhattypesofcontentsubelementsmayoccurwithinelements(inwhatdercardinalityetc.).IntraditionalSGMLc

12、irclestherepresentationofdocumentruleshasbeenasDTDsindeedthefmalspecificationoftheW3CXML1.0RecommendationexplicitlyprovidesfDTDs.HowevertherearesomethingsthatDTDscannotaccomplishthatarefairlycommonconstraintsthemainlimit

13、ationofDTDsisthe西電科大經(jīng)管院畢業(yè)論文factSAXwascreatednotbyanofficialbodybutbythemembersoftheXMLDEVmailinglist.AnotherAPIthisoneobjectbasedcreatedbyalooselyfmedganizationisJDOM.JDOMissimilartoDOMbutismecloselytiedtotheJavalanguage

14、.DOMinessenceisacollectionofnodes.Withdifferenttypesofinfmationpotentiallycontainedinadocumentseveraldifferenttypesofnodesaredefined.IncreatingahierarchyfanXMLfileitisnaturaltoproducesomethingconceptuallylikethestructure

15、below.WhileitisanaccuratedepictionoftheincludeddataitisnotanaccuratedeionofthedataasrepresentedbytheDOM.Thisisbecauseitrepresentstheelementsbutnotthenodes.Infactelementsareonlyonetypeofnodetheydontevenrepresentwhatthepre

16、viousdiagramseemstoindicate.Anelementnodeisacontainerfinfmation.Thatinfmationmaybeotherelementnodestextnodesattributenodesothertypesofinfmation.ThemostcommontypesofnodesinXMLare:?Elements:Elementsarethebasicbuildingblock

17、sofXML.Typicallyelementshavechildrenthatareotherelementstextnodesacombinationofboth.Elementnodesarealsotheonlytypeofnodethatcanhaveattributes.?Attributes:Attributenodescontaininfmationaboutanelementnodebutarenotactuallyc

18、onsideredtobechildrenoftheelementasin:?12341?Text:Atextnodeisexactlythattext.Itcanconsistofmeinfmationjustwhitespace.?Document:Thedocumentnodeistheoverallparentfalloftheothernodesinthedocument.PartofXMLsstrengthisitsabil

19、itytobeunderstoodinmultiplecontexts.VariousXMLvocabularieshavesprunguptoenablepeopletoinstantlyundersteachother.ThreeofthemostcommonareExtensibleHyperTextMarkupLanguage(XHTML)ResourceDefinitionFramewk(RDF)ScalableVectGra

20、phics(SVG).XMLstartedstronghasgrownquiterapidly.Ithasprovenitselfaveryvaluabletechnologybutitcanbeanintiatingonewhenoneconsidersallthemovingpartsthatfallundertheterm“XML“.InthisseriesofarticlesIprovideasummaryofwhatIseea

21、sthemostimptantXMLtechnologiesdiscusshowtheyeachfitintothegreaterscopeofthingsintheXMLwld.AllthetechnologiesIpresentherearestardsAvarietyofstardsexistintheXMLuniverse.InadditiontothebaseXMLstardotherstardsdefineschemasst

22、ylesheetslinksWebservicessecurityotherimptantitems，althoughthatwdisitselfabitslippery.Stardscomeinallfmsmultiplestardsoftencompeteinthesamespace.Ifollowthepracticalapproachofdefiningastardasanyspecificationthatissignific

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