chapter 3 subject- verb agreement

1、Chapter3SubjectVerbAgreement1.Subject&VerbMustBothExistIfasentenceismissingthesubjecttheverbthesentenceisafragment.①Thesentencedoesnotcontainawkingverb②ThesentencestartswithaConnectingWdcontainsnoMainClause2.Subject&Verb

2、MustMakeSenseTogether3.Subject&VerbMustAgreeInNumberThekeyistofindthesubjectthatgoeswithaparticularverb.Tofindthesubjectyoumustigneallthewdsthatarenotthesubject.TheGMAThidesthesubjectinafewways.Themostcommonwayistowdsbet

3、weenthesubjecttheverb.Youmustlearntoeliminatethesedlemenwdstorevealthesubject.FurthermetheGMAToftenputsasignificantnumberofwdsinfrontofthesubjectyouwant.Youhaveto“skiptheWarmup”thatcomesbefethesubjectyouarelookingf.4.VS.

4、AdditivePhrasesThewds“”canunitetwomesingularsubjectsfmingacompoundpluralsubject.AdditivePhrases(Suchas:alongwithinadditiontoaswellasaccompaniedbytogetherwithincluding)donotfmcompoundsubjects.Ratheradditivephrasesfunction

5、asmodifierstherefecannotchangethenumberofsubject.5.Either……Neither…n…Findthenounnearesttotheverbmakesurethattheverbagreesinnumberwiththenoun.Note:Whenthewds“either”“neither”areinasentencealonetheyareconsideredsingulartak

6、eonlysingularverb.6.CollectiveNouns:AlmostAlwaysSingularPeople:agencyarmyaudienceclasscommitteecrowdchestrateamItems:baggagecitrusequipmentfleetfruitfurniture單數(shù)名詞指代一個群體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。7.IndefinitePronouns:UsuallySingularTherear

7、eafewcommontypesofdlemen&Warmups:①PrepositionalPhrases②SubdinateClauses③OtherModifiers(PresentPrinciples&PastPrinciples)AnindefinitePronounisnotspecificaboutthethingtowhichitrefers.Thefollowingindefinitepronounsareconsid

8、eredsingularrequiresingularverb:Therearehowever5indefinitepronounsthatcanbeeithersingularpluraldependingonthecontextofthesentence.SANAM=SomeAnyNoneAllMostManyGenerallyofprepositionalphrasesshouldbeigned.TheSANAMpronounsa

9、reexceptionstothisrule.Youshouldlookatthenounobjectoftheofphrasetodeterminethenumberofthesubject.Note:1.“Noone”isalwayssingularwhile“none”cantechnicallybeeithersingularplural.2.EachEvery:Eachofmyfriendsisclever.Myfriends

10、eachareclever.8.QuantityWdsPhrasesInmanyidiomaticexpressionsthatdesignatequantitiespartssuchas“anumberof”thesubjectofthesentenceisinanofprepositionalphrase.Theseexpressionsprovidetheexceptiontotherulethatthesubjectcannot

11、beinaprepositionalphrase.WehaveseentheSANAMpronounsasexamplesofthisphenomenon.Otherexamplesincludefractionspercents.Thewd“majityminityplurality”areeithersingularpluraldependingontheircontext.Ifyouwanttoindicatethemanyind

12、ividualpartsofthetotalityuseapluralverb.Ifyouwanttoindicatethetotalityitselfthenuseasingularverbfm.9.SubjectPhraseClauses:AlwaysSingularSometimesthesubjectofasentenceisan–ingphraseevenawholeclause.Thisstofsubjectisalways

13、singularrequiresasingularverbfm.10.Flipit!TheGMAToccasionallyattemptstoconfuseyoubyinvertingthederplacingthesubjectaftertheverb.Sopayattentiontoit!E.g.1:Nearthebuildingssitsalonelyhouseinhabitedbysquatters.E.g.2:Thereare

14、amanawomanatthebusstop.E.g.3:Pongisaclassicgamefromwhichhavedescendedmaycurrentcomputerpastimes.anyoneanybodyanythingnoonenobodynothingeacheverysomeonesomebodysomethingeveryoneeverybodyeverythingwhateverwhoevereitherneit