軟件工程簡答題——答案

1、videoconferenceSecretaryoftheprovincialCommitteeofXiaBaolongstressed:thisyearisthe“fivewatertreatment““357“timetables“fthreeyearstoresolveoutstingissuesobviouslywked“victyoftheyear.TheCountysdepartmentsatalllevelsmustfir

2、mlyestablishthe“guanghuiisgoldsilver“greendevelopmentconceptconvincedthatCastleisnotrelaxedalwaysmaintainingstrategicabilitystrongdeterminationtoimprovetheenvironmentconsistentlyplayingwell“fivewatertreatmentof“winningth

3、ewareverhigherlevelsofcomprehensivewelloffsocietywasbuilt.(A)laythesewageuphillbattle.Thisyearwewill“riverwaterqualityimprovedatthecountyleveluptofive“thisbasicobjectivegraspofpollutioncontrolthatfocuswiththefocusonthree

4、things:agoodjob“clearrivers“reachingtheCountycreated.ganization“l(fā)ookback“specialinspectiontheCountygarbageRiverblackodousRiveris“Drag“investigationtimelyrectificationofproblemsfoundinplacefirmlytopreventriverpollutionreb

5、ound.Inaccdancewiththe“onestopstrategy“improvingtheinferifivewaterqualitymonitingstationswkthisyeartoensuretheEliminationof1provincialcontrolfivewaterqualitysection3municipalitiescontrolleddeteriationensurethecreationthi

6、syearof“clearrivers“stards.Secondpayspecialattentiontopollutioncuttingconstructionofnanotubes.Interceptingnanotubesarethebasisofpollutionofwatersourceengineeringengineeringmatterofsuccessfailureofwatermanagement.Urbansew

7、agetreatmenttoimprove“effluentfromsewagetreatmentraterunningaccuracycompliance“requirementspeedupthetownssupptwkconstructionisfocusingonnanotubeshome“l(fā)astmeters“question.Domesticsewagetreatmentinruralareasthisyearisthefi

8、nalyearofthethreeyearactiondeterminationtofightthemomentumaroundendingthebattleonwhichfullytoensuretherealizationofallCounty648fmedvillagecoverage.Alsobesuretoattachimptancetofocusonruraldomesticwastewatertreatmentfacili

9、tyoperationmanagementensurethatwastewatertreatmentfacilityuprunningroleplayavoidthe“Sun“problem.ThirdpayspecialattentiontotheRiverLakeponddesiltingoperation.Provincesnowhavefocusedonpollutioncontrolofwatergoto“digupmud“a

10、sthedeepeningwaterofthisyears“plays“.Nexttojumpstartaninvestigationlinetoucheswkimplementationplanaccdingtothepriitiestheprogrammeofwkinaccdancewiththe“oneriveronepolicy“requiresdetailedcleaningdredgingplanplanningaheado

11、ftimecleaningoutmud“wayout“accdingtolocalconditionstodosludgepromotescientificresourceutilizationofsiltmud.(B)theheavyregulationofheavilypollutingindustries.Pollutionofwatermustgrabthesourcewastewaterisprimarilythesource

12、ofbackwardproductioncapacityincreasetheintensityoftreatmentofheavilypollutingindustries.Accdingtomunicipalmunicipalgovernmentdeploymentofsevenbigheavypollutionindustryregulation“threeyearsactionplans“requirementstoDecemb

13、er2016endofQianallincludedshutstoppedeliminatedofenterpriseallshutstoppedeliminatedinplaceJune302017Qianallincludedplaceregulationupgradeagglomerationrestructuringofenterprisebyunifiedstardregulationinplacelatenotstardof

14、enterpriseareimplementationdiscontinuedJune302018QianallintendsParkproductionofenterpriserelocationParkinplacelatenotParkofarediscontinued.Intheprocessofrenovationwillfocusonfouraspects:tofirmlyclosethehighenergyconsumpt

15、ionheavypollutionhopelessenterprisegovernanceproductionlineseliminatedanumberofyearlyemissionintensitylowvalueaddedproductsofbackwardproductioncapacity.Secondwemuststrictlyenfcethespacetotalproject“Trinity“environmentacc

16、esssystempromotingindustryaccessenvironmentalconditionsofaccessofenterprisestotheParkindustrialparkinprinciplenolongertheclassonthenewproject.Thirdlypromotingreplacementreconstructionofheavilypollutingindustriesmergersre

17、ganizationsguideenterprisestoenergyconservationrecyclinglowcarboncleanproductionimprovethelevelofgreendevelopment.Fourtoestablishalongtermsupervisionmechanismincreasetheintensityofspecialinspectionsinvestigatepunishthere

18、ctificationisnotinplacenmalbusinessofrunningantipollutioninstallationsdonot.(Iii)linkagetopromotefloodcontrolwaterdrainagewatersupplyimprovingwatersaving.SpeedupcrossYangsupptriverdikereinfcementalongPuseawallexceptinsur

19、ancereinfcementLakeQiansluiceBACaosluicecloudcoverreservoirfocusfloodcontroldrainageengineeringconstructionvigouslyimplementation“stronglibrary““soliddi““spreadrow“engineeringincreasedgeologicaldisasterhiddenpointsgovern

20、anceefftssolidadvancesmallbasintrentdisastergovernanceefftsfromessentiallysolutionbasinsexregionalfloodcontroldrainagecapacityinsufficientofproblem.Vigouslyimplementthepiersalgaeotherwatersourcesprotectionpromotingrurald

21、rinkingwatersafetyprojectssettingupwaterpricingrefmenvironmentalprotectionmechanismguidingwaterdepth.Furthersoilpollutionrepairstrengthenagriculturalnonpointsourcepollutionpreventionmountainwaterfestsfieldslakesvariousel

22、ementsmutuallong.Fourmanagetotightencontroltoplay“threetosplit“battle.XiaBaolongSecretaryofprovincialpartyCommitteestressedthatwhilethe“threetosplit“operationtimeisoverthreeyearsbut“threetosplit“mustcontinuetocatchonreso

23、lveasplitcannotbechanged.Alllocalitiesdepartmentstothevillage“nounauthised“created38就程序設(shè)計(jì)語言的工程特性而言，對程序編碼有哪些要求？就程序設(shè)計(jì)語言的工程特性而言，對程序編碼有如下要求：就程序設(shè)計(jì)語言的工程特性而言，對程序編碼有如下要求：（1）可移植性可移植性（2）開發(fā)工具的可利用性）開發(fā)工具的可利用性（3）軟件的可重用性）軟件的可重用性（4）可維護(hù)性

24、）可維護(hù)性39模塊的內(nèi)聚性包括哪些類型？模塊的內(nèi)聚性包括：模塊的內(nèi)聚性包括：（1）偶然內(nèi)聚（）偶然內(nèi)聚（2）邏輯內(nèi)聚（）邏輯內(nèi)聚（3）時間內(nèi)聚（）時間內(nèi)聚（4）通信內(nèi)聚（）通信內(nèi)聚（5）順序內(nèi)聚（）順序內(nèi)聚（6）功能內(nèi)聚）功能內(nèi)聚36可行性研究報(bào)告的主要內(nèi)容有哪些解：一個可行性研究報(bào)告的主要內(nèi)容如下：解：一個可行性研究報(bào)告的主要內(nèi)容如下：（1）引言：說明編寫本文檔的目的；項(xiàng)目的名稱、背景；本文檔用到的專門術(shù)語和參考資料。（2）可行性研究

25、前提：說明開發(fā)項(xiàng)目的功能、性能和基本要求；達(dá)到的目標(biāo)；各種限制條件；可行性研究方法和決定可行性的主要因素。（3）對現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)的分析：說明現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)的處理流程和數(shù)據(jù)流程；工作負(fù)荷；各項(xiàng)費(fèi)用支出；所需要各類專業(yè)技術(shù)人員的數(shù)量；所需要各種設(shè)備；現(xiàn)有系統(tǒng)存在什么問題。（4）所建議系統(tǒng)的技術(shù)可行性分析：所建議系統(tǒng)的簡要說明；處理流程和數(shù)據(jù)流程；與現(xiàn)有的系統(tǒng)比較的優(yōu)越性；采用所建議系統(tǒng)對用戶的影響；對各種設(shè)備、現(xiàn)有軟件、開發(fā)環(huán)境、運(yùn)行環(huán)境的影響；對經(jīng)費(fèi)

26、支出的影響；對技術(shù)可行性的評價(jià)。（5）所建議系統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)可行性分析：說明所建議系統(tǒng)的各種支出，各種效益；收益投資比；投資回收周期。（6）社會因素可行性分析：說明法律因素，對合同責(zé)任、侵犯專利權(quán)、侵犯版權(quán)等問題的分析；說明用戶使用可行性，是否滿足用戶行政管理、工作制度、人員素質(zhì)的要求。（7）其他可供選擇方案：逐一說明其他可供選擇的方案，并說明未被推薦的理由。（8）結(jié)論意見：說明項(xiàng)目是否能開發(fā)；還需要什么條件才能開發(fā)；對項(xiàng)目目標(biāo)有什么變動等。

27、37系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容是什么？解：解：系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)階段先從高層入手，然后細(xì)化。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)要決定整個結(jié)構(gòu)及風(fēng)格，這種結(jié)構(gòu)為后面設(shè)計(jì)階段的更詳細(xì)策略的設(shè)計(jì)提供了基礎(chǔ)。（1）系統(tǒng)分解。系統(tǒng)中主要的組成部分稱為子系統(tǒng)，子系統(tǒng)既不是一個對象也不是一個功能，而是類、關(guān)聯(lián)、操作、時間和約束的集合。每次分解的各子系統(tǒng)數(shù)目不能太多，最底層子系統(tǒng)稱為模塊。（2）確定并發(fā)性。分析模型、現(xiàn)實(shí)世界及硬件中不少對象均是并發(fā)的。系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的一個重要目標(biāo)就是確定哪些是必須同時動作

28、的對象，哪些不是同時動作的對象。后者可以放在一起，而綜合成單個控制線或任務(wù)。videoconferenceSecretaryoftheprovincialCommitteeofXiaBaolongstressed:thisyearisthe“fivewatertreatment““357“timetables“fthreeyearstoresolveoutstingissuesobviouslywked“victyoftheyear.T

29、heCountysdepartmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlyestablishthe“guanghuiisgoldsilver“greendevelopmentconceptconvincedthatCastleisnotrelaxedalwaysmaintainingstrategicabilitystrongdeterminationtoimprovetheenvironmentconsistentlyplay

30、ingwell“fivewatertreatmentof“winningthewareverhigherlevelsofcomprehensivewelloffsocietywasbuilt.(A)laythesewageuphillbattle.Thisyearwewill“riverwaterqualityimprovedatthecountyleveluptofive“thisbasicobjectivegraspofpollut

31、ioncontrolthatfocuswiththefocusonthreethings:agoodjob“clearrivers“reachingtheCountycreated.ganization“l(fā)ookback“specialinspectiontheCountygarbageRiverblackodousRiveris“Drag“investigationtimelyrectificationofproblemsfoundi

32、nplacefirmlytopreventriverpollutionrebound.Inaccdancewiththe“onestopstrategy“improvingtheinferifivewaterqualitymonitingstationswkthisyeartoensuretheEliminationof1provincialcontrolfivewaterqualitysection3municipalitiescon

33、trolleddeteriationensurethecreationthisyearof“clearrivers“stards.Secondpayspecialattentiontopollutioncuttingconstructionofnanotubes.Interceptingnanotubesarethebasisofpollutionofwatersourceengineeringengineeringmatterofsu

34、ccessfailureofwatermanagement.Urbansewagetreatmenttoimprove“effluentfromsewagetreatmentraterunningaccuracycompliance“requirementspeedupthetownssupptwkconstructionisfocusingonnanotubeshome“l(fā)astmeters“question.Domesticsewa

35、getreatmentinruralareasthisyearisthefinalyearofthethreeyearactiondeterminationtofightthemomentumaroundendingthebattleonwhichfullytoensuretherealizationofallCounty648fmedvillagecoverage.Alsobesuretoattachimptancetofocuson

36、ruraldomesticwastewatertreatmentfacilityoperationmanagementensurethatwastewatertreatmentfacilityuprunningroleplayavoidthe“Sun“problem.ThirdpayspecialattentiontotheRiverLakeponddesiltingoperation.Provincesnowhavefocusedon

37、pollutioncontrolofwatergoto“digupmud“asthedeepeningwaterofthisyears“plays“.Nexttojumpstartaninvestigationlinetoucheswkimplementationplanaccdingtothepriitiestheprogrammeofwkinaccdancewiththe“oneriveronepolicy“requiresdeta

38、iledcleaningdredgingplanplanningaheadoftimecleaningoutmud“wayout“accdingtolocalconditionstodosludgepromotescientificresourceutilizationofsiltmud.(B)theheavyregulationofheavilypollutingindustries.Pollutionofwatermustgrabt

39、hesourcewastewaterisprimarilythesourceofbackwardproductioncapacityincreasetheintensityoftreatmentofheavilypollutingindustries.Accdingtomunicipalmunicipalgovernmentdeploymentofsevenbigheavypollutionindustryregulation“thre

40、eyearsactionplans“requirementstoDecember2016endofQianallincludedshutstoppedeliminatedofenterpriseallshutstoppedeliminatedinplaceJune302017Qianallincludedplaceregulationupgradeagglomerationrestructuringofenterprisebyunifi

41、edstardregulationinplacelatenotstardofenterpriseareimplementationdiscontinuedJune302018QianallintendsParkproductionofenterpriserelocationParkinplacelatenotParkofarediscontinued.Intheprocessofrenovationwillfocusonfouraspe

42、cts:tofirmlyclosethehighenergyconsumptionheavypollutionhopelessenterprisegovernanceproductionlineseliminatedanumberofyearlyemissionintensitylowvalueaddedproductsofbackwardproductioncapacity.Secondwemuststrictlyenfcethesp

43、acetotalproject“Trinity“environmentaccesssystempromotingindustryaccessenvironmentalconditionsofaccessofenterprisestotheParkindustrialparkinprinciplenolongertheclassonthenewproject.Thirdlypromotingreplacementreconstructio

44、nofheavilypollutingindustriesmergersreganizationsguideenterprisestoenergyconservationrecyclinglowcarboncleanproductionimprovethelevelofgreendevelopment.Fourtoestablishalongtermsupervisionmechanismincreasetheintensityofsp

45、ecialinspectionsinvestigatepunishtherectificationisnotinplacenmalbusinessofrunningantipollutioninstallationsdonot.(Iii)linkagetopromotefloodcontrolwaterdrainagewatersupplyimprovingwatersaving.SpeedupcrossYangsupptriverdi

46、kereinfcementalongPuseawallexceptinsurancereinfcementLakeQiansluiceBACaosluicecloudcoverreservoirfocusfloodcontroldrainageengineeringconstructionvigouslyimplementation“stronglibrary““soliddi““spreadrow“engineeringincreas

47、edgeologicaldisasterhiddenpointsgovernanceefftssolidadvancesmallbasintrentdisastergovernanceefftsfromessentiallysolutionbasinsexregionalfloodcontroldrainagecapacityinsufficientofproblem.Vigouslyimplementthepiersalgaeothe

48、rwatersourcesprotectionpromotingruraldrinkingwatersafetyprojectssettingupwaterpricingrefmenvironmentalprotectionmechanismguidingwaterdepth.Furthersoilpollutionrepairstrengthenagriculturalnonpointsourcepollutionprevention

49、mountainwaterfestsfieldslakesvariouselementsmutuallong.Fourmanagetotightencontroltoplay“threetosplit“battle.XiaBaolongSecretaryofprovincialpartyCommitteestressedthatwhilethe“threetosplit“operationtimeisoverthreeyearsbut“

50、threetosplit“mustcontinuetocatchonresolveasplitcannotbechanged.Alllocalitiesdepartmentstothevillage“nounauthised“created39軟件質(zhì)量保證應(yīng)做好哪幾方面的工作？解：軟解：軟件質(zhì)量保證是軟件工程管理的重要內(nèi)容，軟件質(zhì)量保證應(yīng)做好以下幾方面的工作：（1）采用技術(shù)手段和工具。質(zhì)量保證活動要貫徹開發(fā)過程始終，必須采用技術(shù)手段和工

51、具，尤其是使用軟件開發(fā)環(huán)境來進(jìn)行軟件開發(fā)。（2）組織正式技術(shù)評審。在軟件開發(fā)的每一個階段結(jié)束時，都要組織正式的技術(shù)評審。國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求單位必須采用審查、文檔評審、設(shè)計(jì)評審、審計(jì)和測試等具體手段來保證質(zhì)量。（3）加強(qiáng)軟件測試。軟件測試是質(zhì)量保證的重要手段，因?yàn)闇y試可發(fā)現(xiàn)軟件中大多數(shù)潛在錯誤。（4）推行軟件工程規(guī)范（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）。用戶可以自己制定軟件工程規(guī)范（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），但標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一旦確認(rèn)就應(yīng)貫徹執(zhí)行。（5）對軟件的變更進(jìn)行控制。軟件的修改和變更常常會引起

52、潛伏的錯誤，因此必須嚴(yán)格控制軟件的修改和變更。（6）對軟件質(zhì)量進(jìn)行度量。即對軟件質(zhì)量進(jìn)行跟蹤，及時記錄和報(bào)告軟件質(zhì)量情況。[解析]軟件的質(zhì)量保證是向用戶及社會提供滿意的高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品，確保軟件產(chǎn)品從誕生到消亡為止的所有階段的質(zhì)量的活動，是軟件工程管理中的重要內(nèi)容。36.何謂軟件開發(fā)方法請列舉四種主要方法。37.從開發(fā)者角度進(jìn)行程序質(zhì)量的評審時，軟件的結(jié)構(gòu)包括哪些主要內(nèi)容38.說明軟件文檔的作用。39.簡述詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)的基本任務(wù)。簡答題1.什么