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1、Carbonfootprints碳足跡碳足跡Followingthefootprints追尋碳足跡追尋碳足跡Environment:Carbonfootprintlabelswhichindicateaproduct’senvironmentalimpactarequietlyspreading.Consumersmaynothavenoticedthemyetbutthereisalotgoingonbehindthescenes環(huán)境
2、:用以表明一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境影響的碳足跡標(biāo)簽,正悄悄流行起來。也許仍未引起消費(fèi)環(huán)境:用以表明一個(gè)產(chǎn)品的環(huán)境影響的碳足跡標(biāo)簽,正悄悄流行起來。也許仍未引起消費(fèi)者的注意,但已有諸多事情發(fā)生在在公眾視線之外者的注意,但已有諸多事情發(fā)生在在公眾視線之外Jun2nd2011|fromtheprinteditionDOYOUlookfcarbonfootprintlabelsongoodswhenshoppingIfyoudoyouareinasmal
3、lminity.Thepracticeofaddinglabelstofoodsotherproductsshowingthequantity(ingrams)ofcarbondioxideemissionsassociatedwithmakingtransptingthembeganin2007whenthewld’sfirstsuchlabelswereappliedtoahfulofproductssoldinBritain.Th
4、eideawasthatcarbonlabelswouldletshoppersidentifyproductswiththesmallestcarbonfootprintsjustasotherlabelsalreadyindicatedolphinfriendlytunaganicmilkFairtradecoffee.Producerswouldcompetetoreducethecarbonfootprintsoftheirpr
5、oductsconsumerswouldbeabletotellwhetherfexamplelocallymadegoodsreallyweregreenerthanimptedones.了碳標(biāo)簽,包括意大利面、牛奶、橙汁和衛(wèi)生紙。(Tesco在2007年稱將會(huì)對(duì)其在售的7萬種產(chǎn)品一一加上碳標(biāo)簽;目前它已成功在500種產(chǎn)品上加了碳標(biāo)簽。)“Inthelast12monthscarbonfootprintinghasbecomecomm
6、oncurrency”saysHarryMrisonoftheCarbonTrustaconsultancyfundedbytheBritishgovernmentwhichhasfootprintedmethan5000productswldwidefrombuildingmaterialstopharmaceuticals.Similarcarbonlabellinginitiativeshavebeenlaunchedinmany
7、countriesmeasurementtechniquesaregraduallybeingfmalisedaglobalstardisinthewks.Althoughconsumershaveyettoembracetheideathequietspreadofcarbonlabelsisbeingdrivenbycompanieswhichhavecometoseethevalueofdeterminingthecarbonfo
8、otprintsoftheirproducts.“在過去的12個(gè)月里,碳足跡已普遍可見,”受英國政府資助的一家咨詢機(jī)構(gòu)theCarbonTrust的HarryMrison如是說。這家機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)對(duì)全球5000多種產(chǎn)品加上碳足跡,涉及建筑材料到藥物。許多國家也發(fā)起了類似的碳標(biāo)簽倡議,量定碳排放的技術(shù)逐漸正式化,全球標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也在制定當(dāng)中。盡管消費(fèi)者仍未信奉這個(gè)做法,但企業(yè)正推進(jìn)碳標(biāo)簽的平穩(wěn)應(yīng)用,企業(yè)已經(jīng)開始看到確定其產(chǎn)品碳足跡的重要性。Footpr
9、inting’sfirststeps碳足跡的起步Theearliestcarbonfootprintlabelswhichappearedin2007indicatedthepromiseoftheideabutalsohighlightedthecomplexityofmakingitwk.Amongthefirstproductstohavecarbonlabelsappliedwerethecheeseonionpotatocri
10、spsmadebyWalkersabrownedbyPepsiCowhichwerefoundbytheCarbonTrusttohaveafootprintof75gramsperpacket.ThisfigureprintedonthepacketwiththeCarbonTrust’s“blackfootprint”logoincludedtheemissionsassociatedwithgrowingthepotatoestu
11、rningthemintocrispspackagingthemdeliveringthemtoshopsdisposingofthepackagingafteruse.Nationalaverageswereusedtocalculatethetransptdisposalemissions.最早的碳足跡標(biāo)簽,出現(xiàn)于2007年,展現(xiàn)了這個(gè)想法的前景,但也強(qiáng)調(diào)了其推廣的復(fù)雜性。應(yīng)用碳標(biāo)簽的最早產(chǎn)品是百事可樂公司下屬品牌沃克斯的起司蔥香炸
12、薯片,由CarbonTrust發(fā)起,每袋含有75克的碳足跡。這個(gè)碳足跡標(biāo)簽,印在袋子上和CarbonTrust的“黑足跡”標(biāo)志一起,包括種植土豆、土豆轉(zhuǎn)化為炸薯片、包裝、交付給商店以及食后包裝袋處理的這么些過程所排放的總碳量。運(yùn)輸和處理過程的碳排放量一般是用國家平均值來計(jì)算。Itisnotsomuchthelabelitselfthatmattersbuttheprocessthatmustbegonethroughtocreateit
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