美國(guó)文學(xué)賞析之一

1、ThewildhoneysuckleInthispoemthepoetexpressedakeenawarenessofthelovelinesstransienceofnature.1.Henotonlymeditatedonmtalitybutalsocelebratednature.Itimpliesthatlifedeathareinevitablelawofnature“thewildhoneysuckle”isPhilipF

2、reneau’smostwidelyreadnatureallyricwiththethemeoftransience.2.Thepoemexpressthepoet’sviewaboutthewritingmaterialofAmericanwrits.Intheauth’sopiniontheiginlinAmericawasfiiledwithbeautymythwhichcouldcompetewiththerilicsofEu

3、rop.ItrevealedonthebasisofAmericanbeautytheAmericanwritcanproducegoodwks.Thecentralimageisanativewildflowerwhichmakesadrasticdifferencefromeliteflowerimagestypicaloftraditionenglishpoems.Thepoemshowedstrongfeelingsfthena

4、turalbeautywhichwastheacteristicofromanticpoets.Thepoemwaswritteninregular6linetetrameterstanzasrhyming:ababcc.Thestructureofthepoemisregularsoithastheneoclassicqualityofproptionbalance.Alliterationassonancemulinerhymeus

5、edinthepoemalsoproducemusicalmelodiousharmoniouswhichmatchesthebeautyoftheflowerthebeautyofpoemispartlyambodiedintheeffectscreatedthroughchangesintherhythm.Thepoemcontainsiambicstrochaicsspondee.Thearrangementofstressedu

6、nstressedsyllablessuggeststhetransienceofthelifeoftheflowerthepoet’semotionalchange.thepoemisfullofsensuousimagessuchasfairflowervisualimagecomelygrowkinastheticimagehoneyedblossomsolfactyimage.Alltheimagesmakeusfeelpity

7、fthebeautifulflowerwhichhasonlyashtlife.Theline”thesapaceisbutanhour”containsahyperbolestressingtransienceoflife.Thetoneofthepoemisbothsentimentaloptimistic.Thisisalyricpoemwritteniniambictetrameter.It’srhymeschemeisabab

8、cccontainsfoursextette.Thetoneinthispoemissentimentalemotional.Thearrangementofstressedunstressedsyllablessuggeststhetransienceofthelifeoftheflowerthepoet’semotionalchange.Honeysuckle:Thenamehoneysucklecomesfromthesweetn

9、ectarthattheflowerproducestointroxicatethegreedybee.Itspowerfulfragranceseducesthehumansensesasitpervadestheair.Theperfumeofthispassionateplantmayturnamainden’sheadhencewildhoneysuckleisasymbolofinconstancyinlove.Content

10、:Inthispoemthepoetexpressedakeenawarenessofthelovelinesstransienceofnature.Henotonlymeditatedonmtalitybutalsocelebratednature.Itimpliesthatlifedeathareinevitablelawofnature.Throughoutthewholepoemyoumayhaveastrongfeelingo

11、fpathos.Becausethepoetuselotsofwdstendingtobuildupsomethingseculsionsuchas:“hid”“silent”“dull”“retreat”“untouched”“unseen”……Besidesthepoemisfullofsensuousimagessuchasfairflowerimagecomelygrowkinastheticimagehoneyedblosso

12、msolfactyimage.Allthevividimagesmakeusfeelpityfthebeautifulflowerwhichhasonlyashtlife.Attheendthepoettrytotellsussomethingaboutphilosophythatis:thematerialthingsaremtalbutspirituallifeiseternal.Thisalsoimplieshisoptimist

13、icattitutetowardslife.Everythingmakesitsstartfrom“mningsunseveningdews”theycomefromnothinglosenothingwhentheydie.Everyoneisthesameasothersweareequaltoeachother.Thoughlifeistransiencewehavetocherishit.TheravenPoe’spoetict

14、heiesareremarkableintheirclarity（（詩(shī)歌理論簡(jiǎn)潔明朗）abouteveniftheylackwhatJosephWoodKrutchterms“intellectualdetachment”“catholicityoftaste.”（盡管缺乏Krutch所說(shuō)的“知識(shí)分子的超脫”和“大眾品味）Thesearebestelucidated（最好的證明）inhis“thePhilosophyofComposit

15、ion”（創(chuàng)作原理）“ThePoeticPrinciple.”（詩(shī)歌longfellow朗費(fèi)羅－－－年青人的心對(duì)歌者說(shuō)的話(huà)==Compositionpublicationhisty==LongfellowwrotethepoemshtlyaftercompletinglecturesonGermanwriter[[JohannWolfgangvonGoethe]]washeavilyinspiredbyhim.Hewasalsoinsp

16、iredtowriteitbyaheartfeltconversationhehadwithfriendfellowprofessat[[HarvardUniversity]][[CneliusConwayFelton]]thetwohadspentanevening“talkingofmatterswhichlienearonessoul:–howtobearonesselfdoughtilyinLifesbattle:makethe

17、bestofthings“.ThompsonLawrance.YoungLongfellow(1807–1843).NewYk:TheMacmillanCompany1938:267.Thenextdayhewrote“APsalmofLife“.ThemesDeathApoemagainstdeathwouldbeuselessbutnotapoemagainstthosewhomightbecalledthe“l(fā)ivingdead”

18、peoplewhoarealivebutseemdeadontheirfeetbecausetheyhavegivenupanybutthemostnecessarystrugglechallengeinsteadseekcomftastheirparamountgoal.WhoarethesepeopleProbablythosehittoohardtoomanytimesbycircumstancesevents.Longfello

19、wwasthirtyonewhenhewrote“APsalmofLife”likelywritingittofightbacktheinertiaofdepressionovertakinghimafterthedeathofhiswifefromthecomplicationsofamiscarriageinthelatterpartof1835.Herdeathhefearedwouldleadtohisown“death”whi

20、chmeansatleasthisabilitytoliveasawriter.Longfellowwrote“APsalmofLife”therefepartiallytogainbackhiswilltobeapublicwriter.ThepsalmistcouldeitherbeLongfellow’sdowncastselfsomeoneelse—someonemakingapracticeofwritingmbidverse

21、perhapsadepressedpersonincapableofgettingpastsufferingpaindeath.Theyoungmanferventlyattemptstoconvincethepsalmist—whoisprobablyolderthanhim—thatonemustgetpastsrowyetbesoberaboutwhatthefuturemaymaynotbringexistinthepresen

22、tsinceintermsoftimethepastisdeadthefuturenotyetalive.Ifoneactsinthepresenttheonlytimethatisfullyaliveonegainsthebestchanceofbeingpresenttoothersenliveningthem.CourageCowardice“APsalmofLife”isapoeminwhichayoungmanentreats

23、apsalmist(readers)nottobeoptimisticbuttomustercourageinadversity.Thecrucialelementnecessarytogaincourageistheconfidencethatonecannotonlydofoneselfbutcanalsobeanexampletoothers.Peoplearenotgreatsimplybecausetheydogreatthi

24、ngsbutbecausetheymaintainedenoughcourageconfidencetoact.Inthiswayonenotonlyactsfoneselfbutfothers.Couragetoactdespitemisgivingsisinthispoemconsideredanegoisticgesturethroughwhichcommunityisimprovedsinceifonecannotmusterc

25、ouragetodofoneselfitishardtodofothers.Theseothersare“shipwrecked”ontheoceanoflife—aclichbecausethemetaphwkssowellwiththeoceanbuoyingoneupbutalsolettingonesink.Ifittakescouragetosetsailontheseaoflifeitmightbesaidthatthebo

26、atstsfthecouragetokeeponeselfafloat.whenthatboatofcouragebreaksupinstmyseasonewilllikelydrowninaseaofsrowunderconfidence.Longfellow’syoungmantriestomusterenoughcouragesothatsomedayheisabletothrowapreservertothestredaccdi

27、ngtothepoemallowtheshipwreckedtoseethatothershavebeenstredbefehavesurvivedtoleavetheirfootprintsinthes.OnpoemIheardaflybuzzwhenIdiedByLynnThethemeofthepoemIheardaflybuzzwhenIdiedwrittenbyEmilyDickensonistheexplationofdea