英語四級讀美文【3】

1、Unit3SocialPerspective社會視角社會視角Text1WomenFashionIfwomenaremercilesslyexploitedyearafteryear，theyhaveonlythemselvestoblame.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashiontheyarealwaystakenadva

2、ntageofbythedesignersthebigstes.Clotheswhichhavebeenwnonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofitonlyawomaniscapableofstinginfrontofawardrobe(衣柜)packedfullofclothesannouncingsadlythats

3、hehasnothingtowear.Changingfashionsarenothingmethantheintentionalcreationofwaste.Manywomenspendvastsumsofmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenwn.Womenwhocannotaffdtothrowawayclothinginthiswaywastehoursoftheirti

4、mealteringthedressestheyhave.Skirtsarelengthenedshtened；necklinesareloweredraisedsoon.Noonecanclaimthatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimptanttosociety.Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarm

5、th，comftdurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearancetheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomftaslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn’tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawoman

6、shakinginathindressonawinterday，delicatelypickingherwaythroughdeepsnowinhighheeledshoes.Whencomparingmenwomeninthematteroffashiontheconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen’sclothesonewonders

7、reflectbasicqualitiesofinconstancyinstabilityMenaretooclevertoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.DotheirunchangingstylesofdressreflectbasicqualitiesofstabilityreliabilityThatisfyoutodecide.[A]altering[B]fashion[C]t

8、remble[D]constantly[E]contributes[F]durability[G]delicately[H]appearance[I]intentional[J]lengthened[K]mercilessly[L]reliability女人與時尚如果女人年復(fù)一年被無情地利用，她們也只能埋怨她們自己。因為她們一想到在公共場合被看見穿著過時的衣服就會不寒而栗，所以她們就總是被設(shè)計師和大商場利用。因為時尚的改變，僅穿過幾次的

9、衣服不得不被擱置在一邊。當(dāng)你考慮這個問題的時候，不要忘了只有女人才會站在裝滿衣服的衣柜前傷心地宣布自己沒有什么可穿的。時尚的改變僅僅是浪費的蓄意產(chǎn)物。許多女人每年花費很多錢去替換那些一點也不舊的衣服。那些負擔(dān)不起像這樣扔掉衣服的婦女將大量的時間浪費在去改變她們現(xiàn)有的衣服上。比如裙子被改長或改短，領(lǐng)口被改低或者改高等等。沒有人能夠聲稱時尚工業(yè)為社會做了什么真正重要的貢獻。時裝設(shè)計者很少關(guān)心像保暖、舒適和耐穿等重要的事情。他們只對外表感興趣

10、并且利用了這樣一個事實，即只要看起來好看，女人能夠忍受任何的不適。幾乎所有的男人在他的一生中都有過這樣的時候，在冬季的某一天，他笑看著一個女人穿著單薄的衣服在發(fā)抖，或者是穿著高跟鞋在厚厚的雪地里優(yōu)雅而小心翼翼地行走。當(dāng)在時尚問題上比較男人和女人時，得出的結(jié)論是顯而易見的。你可能想知道，女人時裝式樣經(jīng)常改變是否反映了反復(fù)無常和不穩(wěn)定的基本品質(zhì)男人太聰明，因而不會讓自己上時尚設(shè)計者的當(dāng)。他們不變的服裝風(fēng)格是否反映了穩(wěn)定和可靠的基本品質(zhì)這就要

11、看你怎么想了。難句解析1.Becausetheytrembleatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashiontheyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersthebigstes.【分析】多重復(fù)合句。句首是由Because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句，在該從句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾clothes。2.Whenyoucometothin

12、kofit，onlyawomaniscapableofstinginfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.【分析】多重復(fù)合句。句首為When引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，sting...fullofclothes和announcing...nothingtowear并列，由連接，that引導(dǎo)的從句作announcing的賓語。soften

13、9s((e7))fn@@v.變溫和，使變得較不嚴(yán)厲、不刺耳【引申】〈同根〉softball▲n.壘球；softdrink▲n.軟飲料【完形例句】Mostoftheirremarkswerekindlymade—withtoleranceratherthanbitterness—frequentlyweresoftenedbythefactthatthestudentswerespeakingaboutsomenotallinstruct

14、s.他們基本上說得比較客氣，語氣寬容而不尖刻，并且不時溫和地表示，他們針對的只是部分老師，并非所有老師。[01.1]反義↓harden9hA:dn@@vi.變硬；凝固【詞根】來自hard(硬的)＋en(使)【活用例句】Lifeinthecamphadhardenedhimconsiderably.軍營生活使他變得堅強多了。同綴↓darken9dA:k(5)n@@vt.使變黑；變暗【引申】〈同根〉darka.黑暗的，暗的〈反義〉brigh

15、tenv.(使)變亮；(使)愉快｜lightenv.減輕，(使)輕松；(使)發(fā)亮〈同綴〉共享en→fastenvt.扎牢，扣?。黮oosenv.解開，放松｜hastenv.催促，趕緊，加速｜wsenv.(使)變得更壞，惡化｜threatenvt.恐嚇，威脅【活用例句】Theskydarkenedasthestmapproached.風(fēng)雨欲來天色黑暗。contributek5n9trIbju:t@@vi.捐款，作出貢獻；(to)有助于，促

16、成；投稿vt.捐，捐獻【詞根】con(加強)＋tribute(給予)→捐獻【搭配】contributetotheRedCross向紅十字會捐獻(款)；contributetothepopulationgrowth促進人口增長；contributetoajournal向刊物投稿【活用例句】TheSongDynastycontributedthreegreatinventionstowldcivilization.宋朝的三大發(fā)明為世界文明做

17、出了貢獻。同義↓devotedI9v5Ut@@vt.(to)將…奉獻給，致力于…【聯(lián)想】de＋vote(投票)→投票時可是專人專票喲→把…專用于【搭配】devoteoneselftosth／bedevotedtosth獻身于某事物，致力于某事【引申】〈同根〉devoteda.忠實的｜devotionn.專心，熱愛【活用例句】Iamdeterminedtodevotemywholelifetothecauseofeducation.我決心

18、把自己的一生獻給教育事業(yè)。durabilityn.經(jīng)久，耐久力【引申】〈同根〉durablea.耐用的，持久的｜durationn.持續(xù)(期間)【活用例句】Durabilityisonestardofquality.耐久性是質(zhì)量好壞的一個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。appearance59pI5r5ns@@n.外貌，外表；出現(xiàn)，露面【詞根】來自appear(出現(xiàn))＋ance(名詞后綴)【搭配】putinanappearance露了一下面；judgebyapp

19、earances以貌取人；keepupappearances維持面子，裝門面【活用例句】Oneshouldnotjudgepeoplebytheirappearances.人不可貌相。同綴↓allowance59laU5ns@@n.津貼，補貼，零用錢【聯(lián)想】allow(允許)＋ance(名詞后綴)→允許自由支配的錢→零用錢【短語】makeallowance(s)f原諒，體諒；考慮到，顧及【活用例句】IBMoffersahightrave

20、lingallowancetoitsemployees.美國國際商用機器公司給員工很高的出差津貼。delicately9delIkItlI@@ad.優(yōu)美地；微妙地【引申】〈同根〉delicatea.易碎的；微妙的；精美的：adelicatevase易碎的花瓶〈同義〉elegantlyad.優(yōu)雅地【活用例句】HewaltzedmeroundsodelicatelyIfeltasifIwasfloatingonair.他非常輕快地帶著我跳華