great scientists課件1

1、Unit 1 Great Scientists,Do you know?,Who discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps them float?,Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?,Archime

2、des,Charles Darwin,Who invented the first steam engine?,Thomas Newcomen,Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed form parents to their children?,,,Gregor Mendel,Who discovered radium?,Who invented th

3、e way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?,Who was the painter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people?,Maries Curie,Thomas Edison,Leonardo da Vinci,Who invented a lamp to keep miner saf

4、e underground?,Who invented the earliest instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?,Who put forward a theory about black holes?,Sir Humphrey Davy,Zhang Heng,Stephen Hawking,,,Do you know?,發(fā)明蒸汽機(jī)的并不是瓦特，他是改進(jìn)紐可門的蒸

5、氣機(jī)并發(fā)明出雙動作，使世界進(jìn)入“蒸氣時(shí)代”的，使他成為第一次工業(yè)革命中的名氣最大的發(fā)明家。,,1865年，修士孟德爾在一個(gè)會議上報(bào)告了他通過長達(dá)八年的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究和他所統(tǒng)計(jì)的多達(dá)兩萬一千多件樣本的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，利用豌豆實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)了植物的遺傳規(guī)律，但是孟道爾的理論超出了當(dāng)時(shí)人們能夠接受的水平。35年后，三國科學(xué)家?guī)缀跏峭瑫r(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了植物遺傳的規(guī)律。而當(dāng)他們準(zhǔn)備發(fā)表論文，去查閱文獻(xiàn)時(shí)，又不約而同地發(fā)現(xiàn)，早在35年前孟德爾就發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的規(guī)律了。他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人在發(fā)

6、表論文時(shí)，都提到了孟德爾的文章，稱自己的工作是證實(shí)了孟德爾的定律。這就是生物學(xué)史上的有名的“孟德爾定律的再發(fā)現(xiàn)”。,,英國化學(xué)家、詩人漢弗萊·戴維。1778年出生。他小時(shí)聰明、淘氣，不喜歡讀書，喜歡玩樂。他不到20歲時(shí)，父親去世。為了養(yǎng)家糊口，他到當(dāng)?shù)匾晃会t(yī)生那當(dāng)學(xué)徒，從此接觸并喜歡上化學(xué)，因?yàn)橛X得自己知識淺薄，他就自訂計(jì)劃發(fā)奮用功，憑著他的天資和勤奮，很快掌握了七種語言和不少科學(xué)知識，并最終成為了英國皇家學(xué)會的主席。1798

7、年戴維的名聲隨著他對笑氣的發(fā)現(xiàn)而傳遍了整個(gè)英國。他還帶病專門研究火焰，發(fā)明了礦用安全燈（1816），這種燈一直到今天仍叫戴維燈，曾挽救了成千上萬名礦工的生命。,,Do you know John Snow?,Do you know what kind of disease is cholera?,John Snow is a well-known doctor in the 19th century in London and he d

8、efeated “King Cholera”.,It is a kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.,Let’s get to know how Dr. John Snow defeated “Ki

9、ng Cholera” in 1854 in London in this reading passage:,John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”,Do you know what did this map was used for in 1854?,Finding out the cause of Cholera.,Who defeats “King Cholera“?What happened in 1

10、854?How many people died in 10 days?Why is there no death at No. 20 and 21 Broad Street as well as at No. 8 and 9 Cambridge Street?,John Snow,Cholera outbreak hit London.,500,These families had not drunk the water fro

11、m the Broad Street pump.,Task 1:Skim and Scan,Task 2: Read and answer,1 Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by __

12、______. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge Street C. Separating those who suffered cholera from those who didn’t D. Both A and B

13、4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?,1 Why couldn’t the cholera be under control at first?2 Which theory did John Snow believe in?,Neither its cause, not its cure was understood.,People

14、 absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.,3 John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by ________. A. gathering information with the help of a map B. looking into the source of the water for Broad S

15、treet and Cambridge Street C. separating those who suffered cholera from those who didn’t D. both A and B,,4 To prevent the cholera from spreading again, what did John Snow do?,Suggested that the source of all water

16、 supplies be examine. Suggested that new methods of dealing with polluted water be found. Instructed the water companies not to expose people to the polluted water anymore.,Mind Map of the text,John Snow Defeats “King

17、Cholera”,Paragraph 1: Introduction of John Snow and Cholera,Paragraph 2: Two theory,Find a Problem: What cause the cholera?,Make a question: Which is right?,,Paragraph 3-5: Study of the breakout in 1854,,,Paragraph 3: St

18、udy of the breakout in 1854,Think of a method: Test two theoryCollect the result: Mark the deathAnalyse the result: Reason for death and no death,Paragraph 4: Study of the breakout in 1854,,Paragraph 5: Study of the b

19、reakout in 1854,Analyse the result: Find the resource of the water,Repeat if necessary: Find more evidence.Draw a conclusion: Cholera was spread by germ Polluted water carried cholera,,,,

20、Paragraph 6: Prevention of Cholera John Snow defeat King Cholera,,The passage is written as a report of an experiment and there are 7 steps:,1.Find a problem:(發(fā)現(xiàn)問題)2.Make up a question:(形成研究主題)3.T

21、hink of a method:(找出研究方法)4.Collect results:(收集材料)5.Analyse results:(分析材料)6.Repeat if necessary:(必要時(shí)重新分析)7.Draw a conclusion:(得出結(jié)論),Read the passage again and finish Ex. 1(Page 3).,Scientific Report by John Snow,N

22、obody knew the cause of the serious disease of cholera,a strange cloud of gas found its victims,people absorbed the disease with meals,Collect information from the cholera outbreak to prove which theory was correct,He fo

23、und the cause of cholera was the polluted water,Idea 2. Because the information showed that the dirty water carried cholera,He defeated cholera by examining the water supply and dealing with the polluted water,Read the p

24、assage again and fill in the blanks:John Snow was a well-known ______ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ______ out, he began to gather in

25、formation. He ______ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that

26、 the _____ of all water supply be _______ and new methods of ________ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.,doctor,19th,cause,defeat,broke,marked,pump,source,examined,dealing,Retell the pass

27、age according to below:John Snow was a well-known ____ in London in the ___ century. He wanted to find the ______ of cholera in order to ______ it. In 1854 when a cholera ____ out, he began to gather information. He ___

28、__ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the ______ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the _____ of all