study on research co-innovation system and game analysis from ecological perspective

1、<p>　　Study on Research Co-innovation System and Game Analysis from Ecological Perspective</p><p>　　Abstract. The Research co-innovation is the technology innovation activities that multi-agent involved

2、. The main layer includes enterprises, universities, research institutions and users supported by support layer including government, intermediary and financial agencies. They develop intercommunication with environment

3、layer, and form a self-organizing ecosystem. We proved the interaction between various elements in the system can enhance the performance of the body itself and the entire system</p><p>　　Key words: Ecosyste

4、m; Co-Innovation; Game Analysis </p><p>　　1. Introduction </p><p>　　The arrival of the knowledge economy has made innovation become a norm of national economic and social development. It has bec

5、ome the key to success that how to integrate a variety of innovative resources in the process of technological innovation, in order to achieve the coordinated development and build a good ecological environment. In this

6、context, the study of collaborative innovation research in the field of technological innovation has drawn widespread attention of countries around the wo</p><p>　　2. Research collaborative innovation and it

7、s characteristics 　　The cooperative research of “the Collaborative Development Project of Research Collaborative Innovation”, started in 1992, has currently gone through 20 years in China, which greatly promoted the inn

8、ovation activities of enterprises, universities and research institutions and explored a lot of practical research cooperation development models, but also carried out many studies on research cooperation in the process

9、of motivation, in</p><p>　　3. Building the research collaborative innovation ecosystem </p><p>　　3.1 Technical Innovation Ecosystem </p><p>　　The ecosystem is in a certain range of

10、time and space, from the composition of biological communities and their environment as a whole, the whole has a certain size and structure, with each member of the system energy flow, nutrient cycling and information tr

11、ansfer interrelated and influence each other, interdependent, forming a self-organization and regulation functions of complex [4]. By biological ecosystems, organizational theorists established organizational ecosystem t

12、heory; the technical </p><p>　　More research on enterprise-centric technology innovation constructed ecosystems and their characteristics are described, as shown in Figure 1, the theoretical framework of col

13、laborative innovation research for example, the system is composed of companies, universities, research institutions, uses Lord's body layer, governments, financial institutions, intermediaries based support layer, s

14、ocial, cultural, technical, legal and other mainly three main elements of the environment layer composed of </p><p>　　3.2.1 Innovative sources </p><p>　　The enterprise innovation ecosystem is di

15、fferent and innovative research collaborative innovation system source is two major categories, four entities, namely the traditional production, learning and research-driven technology consisting of the source and innov

16、ation driven by the user demand-pull source of innovation, they are in the main body of collaborative innovation ecosystem layer. In the technology-driven innovation sources, leading universities and research institution

17、s basic knowledge a</p><p>　　3.2.2 Resource chain </p><p>　　Innovative sources of innovation activities for the realization of collaborative innovation and research plays a role of subjectivity.

18、 Gakken sectoral knowledge innovation lack of market value and production feasibility of the application, the process of cooperation in the interests of unequal risk, technology transfer enterprises lacks follow-up techn

19、ical support, and so is an important factor restricting research cooperation [11]. Cooperative abroad experience has proved that there are technol</p><p>　　Research collaborative innovation system is a dynam

20、ic open system, which is the internal elements of the play interaction with the outside environment, needs to communicate. Whether the main layers or elements of each main innovation resources to support elements of the

21、support layer are present in the larger social, cultural, technological and legal environment, environmental factors beyond the constraints of any innovative behavior are to be resisted. But the main element layer and th

22、e support</p><p>　　In summary, the research collaborative innovation system is through innovation sources, resource side chain and the role of the interaction, which are among ongoing exchange of information

23、 and energy, giving full play to their respective advantages and coordinated development. </p><p>　　4. The self-organizing features of the three research collaborative innovation ecosystem </p><p&

24、gt;　　Collaborative innovation ecosystem research operation of its internal elements and energy exchange between the external environment in the process, which reflects the obvious self-organizing capabilities, wherein ea

25、ch of the main elements of innovation, the support element and the interaction between each other and organizations in the form of the realization of self-organizing feature, provides the necessary conditions. </p>

26、<p>　　4.1 Far from equilibrium - the starting point of the system formed </p><p>　　Self-organization refers to a system in the "genetic", "variation" and "survival of the fitt

27、est" mechanism under the effect of its organizational structure and operating mode continuous self-improvement, thereby increasing their ability to adapt to the environment in the process [13] . To reduce the risk o

28、f innovation, more and more enterprises begin to adopt cooperative innovative ways, and as a result the demand for collaborative innovation and research. And businesses similar to universities,</p><p>　　4.2

29、Fluctuation - a catalyst system </p><p>　　A system to produce an ordered structure to create a new post to the real needs of self-organization to complete the system, the catalytic function of the middle mus

30、t exist. In the research collaborative innovation system formation process, the support layer in government agencies and financial institutions, and other factors that played a catalytic role is just to improve the speed

31、 and quality of cooperation. 　　4.3 Nonlinear effects - an organization formed to ensure the system </p><p>　　Nonlinear function enables the system is holistic, structured and hierarchical characteristics, t

32、he system development and evolution. From the main layers of companies, universities, research institutions and user's point of view, the formation of such cooperation between R & D, contract research, cooperativ

33、e education, resource sharing technology industry and so form user experience will form a new connection method, even the formation of a virtual organization structure, which is shared betwee</p><p>　　4.4 Op

34、enness - the formation of the fundamental characteristics of the system </p><p>　　System discussed dissipative structure theory that openness is to achieve its self-organizing feature a prerequisite for the

35、evolution from lower to higher system plays a decisive role. From collaborative research across the innovation system formation process, the period between the various levels of internal elements, elements of both levels

36、 and there is a constant level of communication and exchange of resources, but also the interaction between mutual influence. It is because of the system's</p><p>　　5. Game analysis of research collabora

37、tive innovation ecosystem - set the participation of intermediaries </p><p>　　as an example </p><p>　　Research collaborative innovation system is a self-organizing featured eco-system, in which

38、mutual cooperation between the various elements of communication, co-innovation and performance improvement for the system play a role, then what kind of motivation and role of function are between these elements? Here w

39、e will include collaborative innovation intermediaries in the process, for example, the use of operations research in game theory to analyze the problem. </p><p>　　5.1 Assumptions </p><p>　　Sinc

40、e the element of collaborative innovation and research is the state of the whole system exists, it can be assumed between the various elements that have a willingness to cooperate. Meanwhile, various cooperation is built

41、 on the basis of cooperative game. </p><p>　　Assuming universities and research institutions are the technology supply side, and the technology enterprises are the demand side, which cooperate in a technolog

42、y transfer approach. 　　Supposing a research party has an industry research pending the outcome of the value of V1, V1 can be understood as a research party put on in this research, after its industrialization revenue R1

43、 (R1> V1), research party may seek partners to carry out their own technology industry, you can also find a technologi</p><p>　　Supposing a firm which intends to develop a new product, but needs to provid

44、e technical support for scientific research, businesses may also find partners themselves, and their information search cost is Cz2, besidea technological intermediary logical intermediary to help their partner, and the

45、intermediation fee to be paid is Ck2, which also satisfies Cz2 V2 + R1). </p><p>　　Assuming that either the science research side or the business side foresees information search cost, or the cost paid to in

46、termediaries is higher than future profits, which will no longer take the searching behavior. It will not aid agencies, and look forward to finding new opportunities for cooperation. </p><p>　　Assuming techn

47、ology intermediary for the companies in research parties provides the same services and the cost, which is Cb ( Cb< Ck1, < Ck2). </p><p>　　5.2 Game Theory </p><p>　　In the above assumption

48、s, the cost of revenue can be established following table (Table 1) and income statement (Table 2). As can be seen from Table 1: As long as the cost is greater than the income of both parties, cooperation will become a r

49、eality, and because Ck1< Cz1、 Ck2< Cz2, so the premise of cooperation Gakken side or both sides are hoping enterprise technology intermediary to seek partners. Science and technology intermediary for research coope

50、ration in the round side and the business s</p><p>　　From the cooperation of all parties in various states of the income statement (Table 2) can be seen: R2+2（Ck2 - Cb ）-（V1+V2） is greater than-V1 and R2-(V1

51、 + V2+Cz1+Cz2) in. Therefore, from collaborative innovation system as a whole in terms of cooperation and collaboration with intermediaries involved is the best choice, can improve overall system performance. Meanwhile,

52、because of Ck1< Cz1、 Ck2< Cz2、 Cb< Ck1, Cb< Ck2 , so the fourth column in the table is greater, respectively, the second and t</p><p>　　This collaborative research discussed about the innovation

53、system from an ecological perspective. The study found that the innovation source is the element of the main level of the overall system, and the elements of the support layer in the system is providing resources for the

54、 innovation chain sources, both of which are acting on the active face composed of the elements of the environment layer. The system has the function of self-organization, and thus it is able to adapt to the environmenta

55、l</p><p>　　7. Acknowledgement </p><p>　　This article was financially supported by the Fund Program of the projects "Research on Regional Co-innovation Mechanism from the Ecological Perspect

56、ive - Set North Way Economic Zone in Guangxi as an Example" operated by Guangxi Centre of Humanities and Social Sciences in 2012 (Grant NO. KF2012001), and "Survey on the Cooperative Mode of Guangxi Research&qu

57、ot;, a project of Guangxi Education Department (Grant NO. 201202ZD006). </p><p>　　References </p><p>　　[1] Yi Wang, Guisheng Wu. Research on Cooperation in the Sticky Knowledge of the Causes and

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