北方農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)帶退耕還林（草）工程綜合效益分析——以烏蘭察布市察哈爾右翼后旗為例.pdf

1、分類號(hào)S812學(xué)校代碼10129UDC502學(xué)號(hào)08204013北方農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)帶退耕還林（草）工程綜合效益分析————以烏蘭察布市察哈爾右翼后旗為例ComprehensiveAssessmentonConversionofCroplintoFestGrasslintheCroppingPastalInterlacingAreainNthChinaTakeChaharRightWingRearBannerofWulanchabu申請(qǐng)人：吳海

2、燕學(xué)科門(mén)類：理學(xué)學(xué)科專業(yè)：生態(tài)學(xué)研究方向：草地生態(tài)學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：李青豐教授論文提交日期：二〇一一年五月ComprehensiveAssessmentonConversionofCroplintoFestGrasslintheCroppingPastalInterlacingAreainNthChinaTakeChaharRightWingRearBannerofWulanchabuCityasanExampleAbstractConver

3、tingcultivatedcroppinglintofestGrasslisameasureaimingtoimprovethedeteriatedecosysteminthecroppingpastalinterlacingareasinnthernChina.Howeverimplementationofthemeasuremayaffectthelivelihoodofthelocalresidentsbyreducingthe

4、incomefromcroppingactivities.ChaharRightWingRearBannerofWulanchabuCitylocatedinafragileecologicalzoneofheavysoilerosionduetolossofnativevegetationcoverageisthepoestBannerispracticingthelconversionmeasures.Thispapermakesa

5、comprehensiveassessmentontheeffectsofthelconversionmeasureonthelocalecologicalconditionsthelocalsocialeconomicaldevelopment.Throughtheinvestigationofchangesonlusepatternnaturalvegetationconditionsecologicaleffectivenesso

6、fthelconversionmeasurewasassessed.Meanwhilesocialeconomicalchangesintermsofincomegenerationwayslivelihoodupgradingwerealsoassessedbyaruralsocialeconomicalbaselinesurvey.Themainresultsofthestudyareasfollows:（1）Throughthei

7、mplementationofthemeasurementthepatternoflusingchanged.Thefestcoveragerateincreasedfrom7.8%intheyear2000to17%intheyear2008.Thefullimplementationoffencinghadmadethedegradedgrasslwithinthefencerecovered.Thegrasslvegetation

8、coveragebiomasswithinthefencewerehigherthanthatoutsidethefence.Thecompositionofvegetationwithinthefencewasobviouslydifferentfromthatoutsidethefence.Highpalatablegrasseslegumesincreasedwhilesomepoisonousharmfulplantsreduc

9、edwithinthefencedpastures.（2）Withtheimplementationofthemeasurementsthestructureoflusingchangedthecultivatedfoodcroppinglareareducedthepeasantstraditionalfarmingmodechangedaswell.Throughthestructureadjustmentofagricultura

10、lindustrializationthestrengtheningofinfrastructureinthecroppingproductionsectfoodcropyieldproductionincreasesconsequentlyfamilyincomeincreased.Withthefurtherimplementationofthemeasurestheeconomicalbenefitbecamememeobviou