簡(jiǎn)析中西方新聞報(bào)道的不同角度畢業(yè)論文

1、<p><b>　　畢業(yè)論文</b></p><p>　　簡(jiǎn)析中西方新聞報(bào)道的不同角度</p><p>　　2013年6月10日</p><p>　院 別語(yǔ)言學(xué)院</p><p>　專業(yè)名稱英 語(yǔ)</p><p>　班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)6090212</p><p>

2、;　學(xué)生姓名劉曉素</p><p>　指導(dǎo)教師劉 蘭</p><p>　　畢業(yè)論文題目：簡(jiǎn)析中西方新聞報(bào)道的不同角度</p><p>　　畢業(yè)論文內(nèi)容：本文對(duì)比了中西方新聞角度在立意角度、選材角度和表現(xiàn)角度方面的差異，并簡(jiǎn)要分析了存在差異的原因。</p><p>　　畢業(yè)論文起止時(shí)間：2012年7月16日—2013年6月10日</p&

3、gt;<p>　　指導(dǎo)教師：劉蘭 職稱：副教授</p><p>　　評(píng)閱人：張陽(yáng) 職稱：講 師</p><p>　　簡(jiǎn)析中西方新聞報(bào)道的不同角度</p><p><b>　　摘 要</b></p><p>　　新聞角

4、度在新聞寫作、報(bào)道中具有重要作用。中西方新聞報(bào)道之所以存在著千差萬(wàn)別，最直接的原因就是新聞角度選擇和運(yùn)用的不同。</p><p>　　本文對(duì)具體實(shí)踐中中西方媒體的新聞角度進(jìn)行比較，并對(duì)中西方新聞角度存在差異的原因進(jìn)行深入剖析，在此基礎(chǔ)上，有選擇地、理性地對(duì)西方新聞角度的優(yōu)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行借鑒。本文具體從立意角度、選材角度和表現(xiàn)角度方面的差異進(jìn)行了比較，從中西方文化背景、媒體性質(zhì)定位、新聞價(jià)值觀和思維方式四個(gè)方面闡述了中西方

5、新聞角度存在差異的原因。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞: 新聞角度；新聞報(bào)道；媒體；比較新聞學(xué)</p><p>　　On the Comparison of the Differences between Chinese and Western News Angle</p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p>&l

6、t;p>　　The angle of news exerts significant functions in news writing and news reporting. There exists great differences between the Chinese and Western news reporting，and the direct reason for which is the difference

7、in the selection and practice of the angles of news.</p><p>　　The article compares the difference of the angle of Chinese and western news, and makes deep anatomy in reasons why the differences exist. On thi

8、s basis, the article takes, selectively and rationally, the virtue of the western news perspective for reference.</p><p>　　The article makes expatiations of the reasons for the difference between the angle o

9、f Chinese and western news from the respect of the cultural background, the orientation of the media’s characters，news value perspective and the way of thought.</p><p>　　The article makes comparison of the d

10、ifference in the perspective of the conception, the material selection and the presentation.</p><p>　　Key Words: The angle of news; news report ;Media ; Comparative journalism</p><p><b>　　

11、CONTENTS</b></p><p>　?、馡ntroduction1</p><p>　?、騎he Different Chinese and Western News Angles4</p><p>　　2.1 The Perspective of Conception4</p><p>　　2.1.1 The Pe

12、rspective of Chinese News4</p><p>　　2.1.2 The Perspective of Western News5</p><p>　　2.2 The Material Selection5</p><p>　　2.3 The Difference of Presentation Methods7</p>&

13、lt;p>　　2.3.1 Narration vs Description7</p><p>　　2.3.2 Chinese News have Many Discussions, while Western News Talk Less1</p><p>　?、?Causes of Differences of Chinese and Western News Angle7&

14、lt;/p><p>　　3.1 The Respect of Cultural Background9</p><p>　　3.1.1 Ethical Culture and Individual Freedom9</p><p>　　3.1.2 "Coexistence of Human and Nature" and "Separa

15、tion of Human and Nature "10</p><p>　　3.2 The Different News Value Respective10</p><p>　　3.2.1 The Interest12</p><p>　　3.2.2 The Significance13</p><p>　　3.3 Th

16、e Different Ways of Thought14</p><p>　　3.4 The Different Ideology15</p><p>　　3.4.1 Chinese Media's Ideological Characteristics16</p><p>　　3.4.2 Western News media's Ideol

17、ogical Attribute16</p><p>　?、鬋onclusion18</p><p>　　Acknowledgements20</p><p>　　Bibliography21</p><p>　?、馡ntroduction </p><p>　　Today, the approach is v

18、ery convenient, and media is highly prosperous and the modern information industry is advancing rapidly. In such a time, every day we can contact to a large number of information initiatively or passively from different

19、channels. Obviously, the news report is undoubtedly one of the most main sources of information. However, in fact, we seemed to lack the essential understand about the news reports we read, cause usually we just noticed

20、what happened, barely care about the</p><p>　　Take the news about the London Olympic Games for instance. When our country's excellent young athlete Ye Shiwen prevailed against great odds, the internal me

21、dia spoke highly of her and gave her good affirmation for the wonderful performance, conversely, Ye was questioned about the stimulant in most western news reports. There is no doubt that the wester media and people have

22、 deep discrimination about Chinese athletes. We can not help asking, what caused the difference? </p><p>　　Indeed, both the Chinese and the western journalism propose to speak with facts, but the news repor

23、t is not absolutely objective. That is, reporters should faithfully report the facts, but through the proper selection and expression they ably expresse their position and viewpoints. That is why we can find the differen

24、t points of view in many news reports about the same news event. However, there is an important the premise, to choose fact, one must decide the angle of news. </p><p>　　A foreign philosopher told such a sto

25、ry: there were two people in the same forest cabin looked out from the widow. One saw the brilliant stars, while the other saw the muddy road. Why? That's because they looked at the same thing in different angles.<

26、;/p><p>　　Angle is the starting point of the observation of things. The same thing is sectioned from different angles, often has different situations, induction has a polarization of strength and depth. If repo

27、rter wants to accurately and deeply reflect the theme of the news and make reports can close to reader's heart, they must work hard to choose good angle of news.</p><p>　　The angle of news is the key poi

28、nt for the reporters to explore, dig out and narrate the news facts. "The mountain shows its different features in different levels near and far." So the different angles decide the difference in observation an

29、d recognition. In fact, what can be seen and what can not be seen are also decided by the angle the broadcaster chooses. Therefore, Todorov Tzvetan, the French philosopher, thinks that angle has the meaning of the first.

30、 The news media competition is not ent</p><p>　　A dictionary of modern journalism explains the News Angle "the key point and emphasis that reporter find in the interview and news writing to know and sho

31、w the news facts." All factors and various profiles constituting the things can be chosen as the angle of news. To select an angle, firstly, the reporter should be objective, and fully and truly grasp the facts from

32、 the entire and in essence; and then one should catch the characteristic, that is the most outstanding and typical aspects of a thi</p><p>　　Study on the comparison of Chinese journalism is start stumbling o

33、nly after the reform and opening up, and really develop also was in the 1990 of the 20th century. Comparative journalism studies in China can be roughly divided into three stages: first stage late in the late 1970 of the

34、 20th century, is its germination period; second phase in the 1990 of the 20th century, its growth and initial maturity; third phase for the new century, its period of prosperity and deepening. But from an overall </p

35、><p>　　Comparative journalism is beginning in the early 20th century in a new discipline in the West. First of all, the establishment of the subject should be attributed to three United States newspapers resear

36、chers: Weibo Shilamu, Foleide Saibote and Xiaoduo Pitesen. Its logo is the results of their cooperation—1956 newspaper, published by four kinds of theories. Proceeding from the observation of social ownership of the book

37、, will ever news system is divided into four forms of human society: totalita</p><p>　　Despite the comparative journalism started early in the 20th century, Western countries have become spectacular, however

38、, it was still in Middle-earth floor flower. it is growing in the 1990 of the 20th century after reform and opening up in China. From the first piece of paper a true comparative journalism means that comparison of the la

39、w on Sino-US News education 1989 published, the first monograph of the comparative journalism studies published in 1994, so far, more news of academic research,</p><p>　　The article makes comparison of the d

40、ifference in the perspective of the conception, the material selection and the presentation. The article makes expatiations of the reasons for the difference between the angle of Chinese and western news from the respect

41、 of the cultural background, the orientation of the media's characteristics，news’ value perspective and the way of thought. </p><p>　　This article is primarily aimed at make us recognize the essence of n

42、ews report, and learn to be more comprehensive, objective at Chinese and western news reports. At the same time, in the comparison getting more real and effective information, catching the news truth of the matter, and a

43、voiding the news being distorted and the influence of the false reports. Moreover, the final purpose of comparison is to learn from each other and to find a reasonable development space as far as possible for Ch</p>

44、;<p>　?、騎he Different Chinese and Western News Angles</p><p>　　News report angle is a kind of special cognitive style for the objective things, and its particularity displays in that: news Angle is af

45、fected by many kinds of factors to pursue news value for the purpose, and it is the unity of the observation content, observation place and observation methods. In the writing that "Facts speak louder than words&quo

46、t;, angle is the moral trend and the technique of expression. Only to choose the most appropriate angle, the value of news can be displayed adequately. O</p><p>　　2.1 The Perspective of Conception</p>

47、<p>　　The difference of perspective affects the news writing, so the reporters should not only by choosing the news facts to reflect all kinds of social life dynamic and rich content, but also through the facts to

48、express their own ideas and opinions. In the other word, the main idea and meaning hiding in a piece of news, or an issue that a piece of news coverage try to explain is the theme of news. Therefore, the process of refin

49、ing theme is the perspective of news conception. Chinese and western new</p><p>　　2.1.1 The Perspective of Chinese News </p><p>　　The journalism of China belongs to a socialist news system, main

50、taining the interests of the party, the state and the people. Chinese media always put "country" the first place, "The nation is prosperous and the people are strong and powerful" "national econo

51、my and the people's livelihood" are our key report points. Chinese journalists are used to focus on the "positive reports", and consider that whether the report is helpful to "unity and stability&

52、quot; as the criterion to measure the purposive an</p><p>　　2.1.2 The Perspective of Western News </p><p>　　Western news media is the tool to maintain the capitalist system life style and values

53、. In the traditional humanistic spirit, they consider individuals as the point of view, focusing on individual's survival state and shout the slogan of "safeguarding human rights". The development of social

54、 material production has brought westerners material comforts, but also given them the sense of threat about survival and security and grave crisis. Under the surface of developed western material society, pe</p>

55、<p>　　2.2 The Material Selection </p><p>　　Press materials are the information which the journalists get through interviews. They involve many points and various forms of the related information. The m

56、aterial selection refers to choose those kinds of news facts and materials. The core of the material selection is about how the reporter judge an issue has the news value or not, of course on condition that the thing is

57、within the scope of their knowledgement. Thus the reporters are able to tell which facts are common things and which are s</p><p>　　The western media often focus on the negative, pessimistic, bloody and wild

58、 material. Take the American media for example, their tradition shows they would pay more attention to the individuals than the social valves and significance. Thus they usually work hard on press agentry in the selectio

59、n of communication angle and the performance of characters personality. Fierce competition like "fighting courageously at bayonet-point range" caused media dilute the seriousness and constantly pursue to r</

60、p><p>　　Socialist journalism is given priority to carry out the principle of positive publicity. Socialist media agencies and the vast majority of journalists, in news propaganda, will mainly focus on reporting

61、 the mainstream of the society, eulogizing that the mass under the leadership of the party have created great performance. To reflect progress of thought, new concepts and new life representing the correct development di

62、rection of the community has become the main content of news broadcast.</p><p>　　However, the Chinese journalism does no deny reporting the difficulties and problems occurred in the Socialist construction, a

63、nd not reject to criticize the faults and errors of the government and the party. On the contrary, the mainly positive publicity and the certain exposure and criticism, can comprehensively reflect the panorama of sociali

64、st construction, and better carry out to work in the service of socialism, the basic principle of serving the people. Negative information in China includ</p><p>　　Reporting the negative facts does not equal

65、 to negative report. Negative report refers to all the reports involve the facts that all the news media breaking the law or ethical morality, being against human social progressive trend, and damaging the interests of t

66、he human. Negative report is one of the major difference between Chinese and western news report. For example, in 2003, among the 14 news stories about winning the 87th annual Pulitzer Prize, 13 pieces of them were the n

67、egative reports. </p><p>　　2.3 The Difference of Presentation Methods</p><p>　　2.3.1 Narration vs Description</p><p>　　Chinese news report pays more attention on narration than desc

68、ription, reversely western news report emphasize the description not narration. </p><p>　　In the usage of language, Chinese and western news media have formed their own characteristics, and have different wr

69、iting styles. China's news writing is good at narrating, through using more static techniques to narrate the process of an event, or by listing figures to illustrate some problems, especially some economic reports. H

70、owever, some western news reports can through choosing the angle highlight the interesting factors of the serious news event, in order to arouse people's interest, mak</p><p>　　2.3.2 Chinese News have Ma

71、ny Discussions, while Western News Talk Less</p><p>　　As news producer or reporter, owing to the different historical and cultural background, or having different education experience, may choose different w

72、riting methods. This is also in line with the above two points. Chinese people, including Chinese journalists, always like talking things case by case, and get used to judges, which reflect in the news is usually to eval

73、uate the facts. Although in recent years, with Chinese and western cultural accommodation, the situation has improved, a settle</p><p>　　探訪中國(guó)最后穴居部落</p><p>　　貴州省安順市紫云縣水塘鎮(zhèn)塔井村，叢山之間，海拔約 1800多米、接近山頂?shù)?/p>

74、洞穴里，住著20戶苗族人家，他們的棲身之地叫“中洞”。上世紀(jì)50年代，他們和祖葷從居住了百年的“下洞”往上遷伏，搬至中洞，這一住就是60年.為了讓他們從洞穴中遷出，當(dāng)?shù)卣肓撕芏喾ㄗ?，甚至在不遠(yuǎn)的山下修建了新房，但是只有幾戶人家愿意走出洞穴.山下不遠(yuǎn)處，當(dāng)?shù)卣藿ǖ拇u房大部分被閑置，問及原因，得到的最多回答是:貴州多雨、山下路滑，洞內(nèi)不漏雨、洞外潮濕，不易儲(chǔ)存柴火，洞內(nèi)群居安全，云云.這些理由，聽起來(lái)多少有些不符合邏輯，又或者，是這

75、個(gè)習(xí)慣群居的洞穴部落不想給自己試著搬到山下的理由和機(jī)會(huì)。</p><p>　　在城市人看來(lái)，中洞里的人家似乎過著世外桃源般的隱居生活，然而，事實(shí)上，他們付出了比山下人更多的輾轉(zhuǎn)辛勞，日子也相對(duì)清苦.但是，洞里的大多數(shù)人寧愿維持現(xiàn)狀，很多人還希望自己的孩子也沿襲這種生活方式.如果遷拔至山下，對(duì)他們來(lái)說將是一次巨大的變化，所以，山下，也許對(duì)他們有誘惑，但始終敵不過這個(gè)洞穴之家。</p><p>

76、;　　The Chinese news report firstly described the scene, position, scenery, local conditions and customs as well as the latest changes of the China's last cave tribe. But in the end, the author's point of view sho

77、wed up: "the people in Zhoudong are seems living a seclusive life like Arcadia", "the life is relative plain", "the outside world has many temptations, but it will never match the cave home"

78、</p><p>　　In American English news reports, this kind of speech is very few, look at the following example:</p><p>　　New article has Photo of dogs，naked Iraqi Prisoner</p><p>　　WASH

79、INGTON Journalist Seymour Hersh wrote a new article in The New Yorker magazine this week that includes a photograph that shows American guards apparently setting dogs on a naked prisoner at Baghdad's Abu Ghraib Priso

80、n.</p><p>　　It is the second consecutive week that Hersh has written in the magazine about abuses by U.S.soldiers at the Prison in Iraq.</p><p>　　In his latest article，Hersh writes that Abu Ghra

81、ib's problems stemmed from a Defense Department thick with Patterns of secrecy,distain for the Geneva Conventions and indifference to the possibility that plans could be wrong.</p><p>　　The American medi

82、a are good at using the line-drawing to describe scenes. This report is about "torturing the prisoner" which makes people angry because it is extremely inhumane. But the author just used the line-drawing and lo

83、ng and short shots, adding the introduction of the relevant facts, to tell the reader what it is. He did not comment and criticize, just described the true scene and let the readers think by themselves. Sometimes, it wor

84、ks better, and worth for Chinese media to learn.</p><p>　　Ⅲ Causes of Differences of Chinese and Western News Angle </p><p>　　3.1 The Respect of Cultural Background</p><p>　　The rep

85、ort subjects which live in a certain cultural value system are always affected by the cultural value consciously and unconsciously. Press and cultural subject pay a special attention to or pursuit a certain value, so tha

86、t its news stories present various manners of cultural characteristics. For example, Chinese culture attaches importance to human relations, while western culture attaches importance to the individual freedom; Chinese cu

87、lture emphasize the uniform and the Clan system, whil</p><p>　　3.1.1 Ethical Culture and Individual Freedom</p><p>　　Chinese traditional culture is mainly dominated by the value of the Confucian

88、 principles, whose core idea is "benevolence". The intention of benevolence express as the group, which is a kind of "Altruistic" social values. The Benevolence stresses the group consciousness and th

89、e social consciousness, and believes that the personal interests should be subject to the interests of the whole society. Moreover, it praises highly a noble selfless dedication value. Mencius had said that, "Founda

90、tion of </p><p>　　The west had cultivated the western personal standard culture. During the Renaissance, the western request for the personal value and dignity was released from the shadow of magisterium. An

91、d then, Humanism ideology has become the chief thought trend. From this specific sense, the western culture is the individualism culture. The individualism acts on western news media, which has the obvious practical sign

92、ificance. On one hand, the report’s content and thought mainly about the individual’s activ</p><p>　　3.1.2 "Coexistence of Human and Nature" and "Separation of Human and Nature "</p>

93、;<p>　　Ancient Chinese philosophy advocated the concept of "coexistence of human and nature", that means human and nature、human society are harmonious and united, and the human's ultimate state for h

94、appiness and joy is to live in harmony with surroundings. This thought not only reflects the optimism in traditional Chinese culture, but also embody the whole nation's value orientation of grand unification in the s

95、pirit level.</p><p>　　The traditional culture have far-reaching influenced on China's foreign report concept. Specific performance is that: in our country, the press circle still emphasizes and adheres t

96、o that foreign report is the important part of the Party's news propaganda work so that it is highly disciplined and structured. China's media in foreign reports practice consciously has set up the Ideas of Overa

97、ll Situation, and everything is with national interests as the fundamental starting point. The process of f</p><p>　　Western cultural tradition embodies the thought of "Separation of human and nature&qu

98、ot;, which means human beings should be brave in accepting all kinds of suffering challenges from the nature and social life, and fight with all kinds of difficulties in the adverse situation so that they can temper and

99、perfect their own and realize their personal valves. Investigating its cultural roots, we can see that, in the western culture, there is the division of the kingdom of heaven and earth, this shore and</p><p>

100、;　　On the other hand, Advocating "Dionysian spirit" is a main characteristic in the western culture. Its core performance is to intoxicate and indulgent in the individual life, which shows that a view of sharp

101、opposition between human and nature". It emphasizes to conquer and overcome nature. Moreover, the opposition between human and nature is also the "self" and "nonself". Especially when human's