機(jī)械外文翻譯--近凈成形技術(shù)

1、<p>　　The closely clean forming technique</p><p>　　The closely clean forming technique is after the part take shape, the worker only needing a few processes or not in addition, and the mechanical formin

2、g technique constructing the part of available works. Having transformed Mao Pi's forming technique of tradition on it is to build at the new material and the new sources of energy and the mechanical and electrical i

3、ntegration and precise many branches of learning high and new technology achievements foundation such as mould technology , computer </p><p>　　Since following the 70's , a large number of funds and manpo

4、wer has been dive into with the closely clean forming technique of industry bound pair in each industry advanced country government , and making this technology get very fast the development , because the protruding con

5、tribution to the competition ability in market of this technology , the quilt is American and Japan government and enterprise list the key technology that the 90's influenced the competition ability , his output valu

6、e in</p><p>　　Constantly developing closely cleanly to take shape the new technology industry advanced country devotes self to continuously to develop closely clean to take shape the new technology, and all

7、there is a very big progress in the various domain in that this special subject involves, thus the closely clean formation specific gravity that the shape occupies and shaping precision as well as the complicated level o

8、f shaping part all has raising very greatly. Such as automobile jar aspect cast has b</p><p>　　The forming technique that optimizes the clean shaping technology parameter tradition is the technology built

9、on experience and experimental data foundation to application technology simulation technique , and lays down the new part technology taking shape often still carrying on the large numbers modifications debugging when pr

10、oduction . The especially computational techniques development of nonlinearity problem makes simulation analysis and the optimization of shaping course become possibility</p><p>　　Developing and use closely

11、clean one-tenth opens that the automatic production line and flexible production line builds thread and control technique , and constantly raises the near clean shaping majority that large quantities of capacity of prod

12、uction efficiency abroad were produced having used the transfer machine to produce , and studying and build in this kind of production line in the industry advanced country has tens calendar history to the merits such as

13、 stabilizes thus possessing produ</p><p>　　Attaching importance to the quality control of closely clean shaping production process , and raise the abroad enterprise of quality compatibility , and doing quite

14、 producing full the quality control of course for on the one hand the guaranty product quality is strengthened the management , on the other hand by way of the automation in the production process with the intelligence

15、control in order to pledge that the closely clean shaping production quality is stable , and various online checkout</p><p>　　Developing the development invented manufacturing of recent years and network man

16、ufacturing that invented manufacturing and the network of closely clean forming technique was made along with computer and the network technology begins getting in the abroad attaching importance to and developing, and t

17、he universal scope of closely clean shaping enterprise of our country is smaller, and the technical force is inadequate, and the information is not capable to work. Because the rapid development of r</p><p>

18、　　By way of the science and technology storming a strategic pass and the industrialization , and makes the closely clean forming technique can catch up with or be close to the international advanced standard at the aspec

19、t that major , and the innovation is had in the part of technology; Since by way of storms a strategic pass technology , industrialization , complete set foliation and can provide advanced complete set of technology to t

20、he enterprise , can provide the needs with the satisfied ent</p><p>　　The major research content </p><p>　　( 1 ) new technology and his industrialization of closely clean formation shape : Th

21、e technology such as Han's " closely clean shaping casting " , " accurately plasticity is shaping " , " high quality high efficiency accurately connection " , " accurately heat trea

22、tment is modified " , " high quality high efficiency superficial modified reaches and coats " , " complicated high precision mould " etc and his synthetically application , be dead against in th

23、e mentioned above direction enterprise u</p><p>　　2) Closely clean shaping technology simulation analysis and optimization: Study to solve takes shape the key technology of technology imitation, and makes th

24、ree to tie up simulation software perfectization, ageingizations and the Commoditization, for the closely clean shaping technology parameter that provides optimization.</p><p>　　( 3 ) the closely clean shapi

25、ng production line is with manipulator and robot : Study closely clean shaping model's that the production line needs ( forging and pressing , press , die-casting and welding etc ) manipulator and robot , and makes i

26、t achieve seriating , ageingization and satisfy the production line construction needs .</p><p>　　( 4 ) the thread technology is built in closely clean shaping production transfer machine and flexible produc

27、tion line : The thread technology is built in closely clean the formations shape automatic production line of the control takes the technology as nucleus research , lays special emphasis on postgraduate product thread co

28、ntrol and online checkout technology , and accomplishes the production line of different mechanize and automation level of fund construction can with probably provide acco</p><p>　　( 5 ) the quality control

29、technology of production process : And the research application of statistics course control technique by way of online intelligence control technology , cannot harm checkout technology achieves the full course quality c

30、ontrol to closely clean formation , thus is pledging the end product quality. </p><p>　　( 6 ) the invented manufacturing and the network manufacture technique of closely clean forming technique : It is many

31、 be dead against the middle and small enterprise of profession industry , the low characteristic of internal enterprise technology standard , and association , association and productive forces promotes the center closel

32、y to combine , establishment invented manufacturing and the network manufacturing system.</p><p><b>　　近凈成形技術(shù)</b></p><p>　　近凈成形技術(shù)是指零件成形后，僅需少量加工或不再加工，就可用作機(jī)械構(gòu)件的成形技術(shù)。它是建立在新材料、新能源、機(jī)電一體化、精

33、密模具技術(shù)、計算機(jī)技術(shù)、自動化技術(shù)、數(shù)值分析和模擬技術(shù)等多學(xué)科高新技術(shù)成果基礎(chǔ)上，改造了傳統(tǒng)的毛坯成形技術(shù)，使之由粗糙成形變?yōu)閮?yōu)質(zhì)、高效、高精度、輕量化、低成本的成形技術(shù)。它使得成形的機(jī)械構(gòu)件具有精確的外形、高的尺寸精度、形位精度和好的表面粗糙度。該項技術(shù)包括近凈形鑄造成形、精確塑性成形、精確連接、精密熱處理改性、表面改性、高精度模具等專業(yè)領(lǐng)域，并且是新工藝、新裝備、新材料以及各項新技術(shù)成果的綜合集成技術(shù)。</p><

34、;p>　　從七十年代以來，各工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家政府與工業(yè)界對近凈成形技術(shù)投入了大量資金和人力，使這項技術(shù)得到很快發(fā)展，由于這項技術(shù)對市場競爭能力的突出貢獻(xiàn)，被美國、日本政府和企業(yè)列為九十年代影響競爭能力的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，其產(chǎn)值增長幅度也遠(yuǎn)高于制造業(yè)產(chǎn)值增長幅度。主要發(fā)展趨勢有：    不斷開發(fā)近凈成形新技術(shù)工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家一直致力于開發(fā)近凈成形新技術(shù)，在本專題所涉及的各件領(lǐng)域都有很大進(jìn)展，因而近凈形成形所占比重和成

35、形件精度以及成形零件的復(fù)雜程度都有很大提高。例如汽車缸體鑄件已經(jīng)做到壁厚在3～4mm，轎車齒輪已有很多可以采用冷擠壓生產(chǎn)，齒形不再加工。轎車等速萬向節(jié)零件是很復(fù)雜的零件，已經(jīng)可以采用精確的塑性成形技術(shù)來生產(chǎn)。轎車連桿不僅尺寸精度高，重量偏差也小，轎車連桿重量精度已經(jīng)可以控制在3～4%以下，這些技術(shù)都推動了轎車自重降低和性能提高，隨著成形精度提高已經(jīng)開發(fā)了一大批近凈成形工藝技術(shù)。新材料的發(fā)展推動了新的成形技術(shù)研究開發(fā)，高密度能源（激光、等

36、離子束、電子束等）的發(fā)展和用于近凈成形，也推出了一批新的近凈成形工藝。所有這些都使這項技術(shù)形成了五彩紛呈、競相發(fā)展的局面。在我國近凈成形技術(shù)在整個成形制造生產(chǎn)中所占比</p><p>　　通過科技攻關(guān)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化，使近凈成形技術(shù)在主要方面能趕上或接近國際先進(jìn)水平，并在部分技術(shù)上有創(chuàng)新；通過攻關(guān)技術(shù)的成熟化、產(chǎn)業(yè)化、成套化、既可向企業(yè)提供先進(jìn)成套技術(shù)，也可提供單項技術(shù)以滿足企業(yè)的需要，爭取做到國內(nèi)技術(shù)可滿足企業(yè)需求的8

37、5～90%，在大部分方向上可基本檔住成套技術(shù)裝備進(jìn)口。   主要研究內(nèi)容</p><p>　?。?）近凈形成形新技術(shù)及其產(chǎn)業(yè)化：含“近凈成形鑄造”、“精確塑性成形”、“優(yōu)質(zhì)高效精確連接”、“精確熱處理改性”、“優(yōu)質(zhì)高效表面改性及涂層”、“復(fù)雜高精度模具”等技術(shù)及其綜合應(yīng)用，針對上述方向中企業(yè)急需且復(fù)蓋面廣的新技術(shù)和共性技術(shù)開展研究，提供新工藝、新方法、新裝備，積累完善的技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)，并達(dá)到實用

38、化。</p><p>　?。?）近凈成形工藝模擬分析和優(yōu)化：研究解決成形工藝模擬的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，使三維模擬軟件完善化、成熟化、商品化，為近凈成形提供優(yōu)化的工藝參數(shù)。</p><p>　?。?）近凈成形生產(chǎn)線用機(jī)械手和機(jī)器人：研究近凈成形生產(chǎn)線所需典型（鍛壓、沖壓、壓鑄、焊接等）機(jī)械手和機(jī)器人，使之達(dá)到系列化、成熟化、滿足生產(chǎn)線建設(shè)需要。 </p><p>　?。?）近凈

39、成形生產(chǎn)自動線和柔性生產(chǎn)線建線技術(shù)：以工藝技術(shù)為核心研究掌握近凈形成形自動生產(chǎn)線建線技術(shù)，側(cè)重研究生產(chǎn)線控制和在線檢測技術(shù)，做到能根據(jù)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng)和可能提供的資金建設(shè)不同機(jī)械化、自動化程度的生產(chǎn)線，也要根據(jù)發(fā)展需要，建設(shè)部分柔性生產(chǎn)線。</p><p>　　（5）生產(chǎn)過程的質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)：通過在線智能控制技術(shù)、無損檢測技術(shù)和統(tǒng)計過程控制技術(shù)的研究應(yīng)用，達(dá)到對近凈形成的全過程質(zhì)量控制，從而是保證最終產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。