外文翻譯--擺臂式垃圾車二次改裝防污染

1、<p><b>　　附 錄</b></p><p>　　(英文文獻及中英文對照)</p><p>　　Swinging arm type truck second modification pollution prevention </p><p><b>　　Abstract</b></p>

2、<p>　　City life rubbish in transit, whether cause secondary pollution, necessary and shipment of rubbish are directly related to vehicle design structure. Such as loaded compressed type after the truck and other se

3、aling structure can prevent rubbish endlessly picturequre scene in transit; And currently in use of swing arm garbage trucks, easy cause secondary pollution, therefore we according to the structure of swing arm modify th

4、e truck. </p><p>　　Vehicle modified design </p><p>　　The original car design for completely open wide type, hoisting rubbish bucket without any block structure, cabin garbage in transit endlessl

5、y picturequre scene easily. Modification scheme in the car compartment front-end department and left-right side each additional fixed windshield wallboard, adding activity type in top guide enclosures wind. The top area

6、of about 2/3 the size of the guide enclosures wind, left-right side each small oil cylinders, open or closed guide enclosures wind. Front w</p><p>　　Guide enclosures wind and truck of swing arm mechanical mo

7、tion relationship </p><p>　　Swinging arm type truck is to rely on the swing arm before and after exercise to ascend garbage box and realize the since installed or dump. So modified design new portfolio of to

8、p mobile guide enclosures wind, fluctuation open or closed with the swing arm swinging must be between corresponding coordination, namely the mechanical motion is according to operation requirements through hydraulic sys

9、tem for sequence control. </p><p>　　Vehicle load transport conditions </p><p>　　Hydraulic system three spool reversing valve valve core is the central position, swinging arm, inlet cover working

10、 condition at rest. </p><p>　　Vehicle dump garbage conditions </p><p>　　Directional control valves, pulled to the right in that right valve spool central position. In hydraulic system under the

11、effect of sequence control oil, first through </p><p>　　Guide enclosures wind small oil cylinder full open the inlet cover, then make main cylinder push to swing arm swinging, ascending car after dumping gar

12、bage dou compartments discharge box. Or fight .</p><p>　　Vehicle outfit garbage conditions </p><p>　　The working conditions of the directional control valve valve core right is pushed into a cen

13、tral location, through hydraulic system sequence control oil make swinging arm and conducting enclosures wind mechanical motion and the aforementioned dump contrary, namely first working back swinging arm, outfit garbage

14、 dou compartments, then close ventilation hood. So far, the garbage dump vehicle from the pack complete homework. </p><p>　　Modification of vehicle performance after the influence of modified vehicle, its st

15、ructure, weight after would affect the performance of vehicles? It needs from the following two major aspects of verification. </p><p>　　Vehicles a force sex and economy </p><p>　　The budget of

16、the windshield, adapted before adding area approximately 3 m2, the panels that vehicle air resistance FX increases, the formula </p><p>　　Knowable vehicle resistance increased by 1 7.6 ~ 2 840 N, namely 180

17、~ 2.9 kg. In addition in the original car windshield wallboard and add by adding </p><p>　　Weighing about 370 kg. Two total 550 ~ 660 kg, namely for increased vehicle maximum additional load. But this loose

18、living garbage for maximum load with vehicles 3.5 ~ 4.0 t terms still not overload (rated load 5 t), its engine power, economy still in normal use range. </p><p>　　Vehicle safety and handling </p><

19、;p>　　Because modified vehicle integral structure still is symmetric, former rear-axle lotus distribution within the normal range. Therefore adapted for vehicles to, not the security of the system and manipulation of b

20、rake performance produce any adverse effects. </p><p>　　擺臂式垃圾車二次改裝防污染</p><p><b>　　摘要： </b></p><p>　　城市生活垃圾在運輸途中,是否造成二次污染,必然與裝運垃圾的車輛設(shè)計結(jié)構(gòu)有直接關(guān)系。比如后裝壓縮式等密封結(jié)構(gòu)的垃圾車就能防止垃圾在運輸途中的

21、撒落;而目前正在使用的擺臂式垃圾車,易造成二次污染,為此我們針對擺臂式垃圾車的結(jié)構(gòu)進行改裝。</p><p>　　1.車輛的改裝設(shè)計 </p><p>　　原車設(shè)計構(gòu)造為完全敞開式,吊裝的垃圾斗廂無任何遮擋結(jié)構(gòu),垃圾在運輸途中易撒落。改裝方案在車廂的前端部和左右側(cè)各增設(shè)固定的擋風墻板,在頂部增設(shè)活動式導(dǎo)風罩。占頂部面積約2/3大小的導(dǎo)風罩,左右側(cè)各一小油缸,開啟或關(guān)閉導(dǎo)風罩。擋風墻板能阻擋

22、正前方和右側(cè)方向的水平風力,呈流線型的導(dǎo)風罩則能將頂部的垂直風力引導(dǎo)拋開,有效地解決了原車的撒落垃圾的問題。</p><p>　　導(dǎo)風罩與垃圾車擺臂的機械運動關(guān)系</p><p>　　擺臂式垃圾車是靠擺臂的前后運動來提升垃圾廂而實現(xiàn)自裝或自卸的。因此改裝設(shè)計新增設(shè)的頂部活動式導(dǎo)風罩,上下開啟或關(guān)閉必須與擺臂的擺動對應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào),即兩者之間的機械運動是按作業(yè)要求通過液壓系統(tǒng)進行順序控制。</

23、p><p><b>　　車輛裝載運輸工況</b></p><p>　　液壓系統(tǒng)的三位四通換向控制閥閥芯處于中央位置,擺臂、導(dǎo)風罩等工作狀態(tài)處于靜止。</p><p>　　2.車輛傾卸垃圾工況</p><p>　　向右拉動換向控制閥,使右閥芯處于中央位置。在液壓系統(tǒng)順序控制油路的作用下,首選通過導(dǎo)風罩小油缸把導(dǎo)風罩全程打開,再

24、使主油缸推動擺臂向車后擺動,提升垃圾斗廂傾倒垃圾或卸去斗廂。</p><p>　　3.車輛裝收垃圾工況</p><p>　　此工況下?lián)Q向控制閥的右閥芯被推入中央位置,通過液壓系統(tǒng)順序控制油路使擺臂和導(dǎo)風罩的機械運動與前述的傾卸工況恰好相反,即首先收回擺臂,裝收垃圾斗廂,然后再關(guān)閉導(dǎo)風罩。至此,車輛的垃圾自裝自卸作業(yè)全部完成。</p><p>　　改裝后對車輛性能的影

25、響車輛經(jīng)改裝后,其結(jié)構(gòu)、重量是否會對車輛的性能產(chǎn)生影響?這需要從以下兩個主要方面進行驗證。</p><p>　　4.的支力性和經(jīng)濟性</p><p>　　經(jīng)概算,改裝增設(shè)的前擋風墻板面積約3㎡,使車輛行駛的空氣阻力FX有所增加,</p><p>　　可知車輛行駛阻力增加了1 760-2 840 N,即180-290 kg。另外在原車上因增設(shè)擋風墻板而加重約370 k

26、g。兩項共計550-660 kg,即為增加的車輛最大附加載荷。但這對于滿載松散型生活垃圾最大載荷3.5-4.0 t的車型來講仍未超載(額定載荷5 t),其發(fā)動機動力性、經(jīng)濟性還在正常使用范圍內(nèi)。</p><p>　　5.車輛的安全性和操縱性</p><p>　　因改裝后的車輛整體結(jié)構(gòu)仍是左右對稱的,前后軸荷分配在正常范圍內(nèi)。因此改裝未對車輛的轉(zhuǎn)向、制動系統(tǒng)的安全性和操縱性能產(chǎn)生任何不良影響