外文翻譯---現(xiàn)代機房管理系統(tǒng)發(fā)展分析

1、<p>　　The modern computer room management system development analysis </p><p>　　現(xiàn)代機房管理系統(tǒng)發(fā)展分析</p><p>　　教 學(xué) 部 經(jīng) 管 部 </p><p>　　專 業(yè) 信息管理與信息系統(tǒng) </p>&

2、lt;p>　　班 級 </p><p>　　學(xué) 號 </p><p>　　姓 名 </p><p>　　指導(dǎo)教師 </p><p>　　沈陽航空航天大學(xué)北方科技學(xué)院</p>

3、<p><b>　　2011年6月</b></p><p>　　The Modern Computer Room Management System Development Analysis</p><p>　　Along with the national education system reform, college enrollment expa

4、nsion and computer technology, computer is widely used students more than doubled, public computer room size is more and more big. In order to adapt to the needs of students on mode diversification, computer room allocat

5、ion and management system in the stable operation, efficient, reliable, safe, can be expanded and at the same time with the development of computer technology constantly updated. At present, appear all sorts </p>

6、<p>　　（1）Students, such as computer mode diversification schedule to attend class, internship, computer, computer skills practice, at one's own expenses at DuoZhong surfing the Internet, and grade examination, t

7、raining, etc. </p><p>　?。?）A computer room dozens of computer already can't satisfy the need of the actual situation, arise hundreds of Taiwan, hundreds of computer room, computer room of the new trend l

8、arge scale. </p><p>　?。?） Service targets are junior college students, the undergraduate and graduate student, continue to education and various types such as training, service object diversification. </p

9、><p>　?。?） Computer room function increase form a network experiment room, multimedia computer room, etc, can use D0S, Windows 9 x, WindowsNT o2000oXP, Linux and Unix operating system software and hardware, suc

10、h as room of the configuration of diversification.</p><p>　　According to the actual situation of domestic, the design applies to domestic colleges and universities computer room management system is necessar

11、y. A forget computer room management status, Foreign computer room management way and the domestic many differences. In abroad, especially in developed countries, because the computer technology application popularity is

12、 higher, common computer room management system and didn't get a wide range of applications, computer resources is quite abundant, co</p><p>　?。?）Network infrastructure improvement, the cost of Internet

13、service, common computer room can only be cheaper to assist in the role. </p><p>　?。?）Room open degree high, basically all provide free by machine, 24 hours free and open computer class, students does not re

14、quire the attendance, so the entrance guard system, educational administration management (curriculum arrangement, attendance, etc) system, the financial system are not integrated into the system. </p><p>　　

15、（3） The general scale is not large, equipped with computer room the diversity of all kinds of equipment, not only have the PC, and the apple Macintosh), various (workstation, printers, scanners, experimental conditions d

16、iversification. </p><p>　　（4） Equipment renewal cycle 1.5 ~ 3 years, update quickly and caused many kinds of safety management system is difficult. </p><p>　?。?） Does not exist a rapid expansion

17、 in the number of students, computer room size, there was little change management personnel, so in computer room management enough in the reform of domestic so urgent, no development is relatively stable. </p>&l

18、t;p>　?。?）Computer generally high quality personnel, computer room make strict experimental regulation, rely mainly on everyone's consciously abide by. </p><p>　　Second, the domestic computer room mana

19、gement situation </p><p>　　Higher education in China because of the rapid development of the computer room doesn't satisfy the scale of development of the students' growth, most college computer room

20、 facing lack of qualified teachers, management personnel serious shortcomings, and in the recruitment of students scale growing circumstances, it is to meet student learning and the rapidly growing demand, and to ensure

21、the computer teaching work smoothly. So, each university in computer room management reform and innovation. </p><p>　?。?）Artificial management .In some small, computer equipment, older computer task little r

22、oom, investment and technology to achieve a computer room, often safety management system is not worth the candle. So still USES the traditional artificial management means, also have some room the size </p><p

23、>　　Small, but limited to conditions, and also still stay in insufficient artificial management mode. </p><p>　?。?）Computer aided artificial management reform of some room just starting out, or lack of fun

24、ds and technology, still can't suddenly realize standardized management of computer room, part of the use of computer aided management. If a student in and out of the room when take student or card to the officer on

25、duty place brush card, use billing system for timing, and for students of each computer order, on content </p><p>　　And so on all or rely on artificial management. </p><p>　?。?）Computer room ful

26、l automation management use computer room management system and standardized management of computer room, the student except </p><p>　　The computer as planned, other time outside the open round-the-clock, an

27、d students can independent computer experiment, with machine, computer room much freedom realized in the unattended, safe and convenient, improve application up the quality of management. At present domestic has been som

28、e schools the computer automation management, there are more schools still stay in artificial management mode, part of the school computer room has in some </p><p>　　The degree of the computer aided artifici

29、al management mode. Management means and methods is uneven, in order to more effectively, the standard, highly effective implementation of the management, it is necessary to improve the management mode and management met

30、hods are discussed. </p><p>　　Three, computer room management system design through the system analysis, the general structure of the system is divided into the server (database service Device and control se

31、rver), the client of financial management and machine. The database server for all users of person information, accounting information, computer record and prepaid phone CARDS and other information. Control the server an

32、d the client through information interaction room management function to realize, financial management </p><p>　?。?）The customer terminal system: operation in every client to verify user identity, and their

33、own balance inquires deposits, and realize the switch machine, the client and the server communication. It than the amount of code the server are much smaller, but it many need to function of the realization of the it is

34、 any senior language does not have, like a lock keyboard, traverse process, system shutdown and so on. In order to realize the function of the call to the client API, these API system to</p><p>　?。?）Control

35、server running on control subsystem: the server, and achieve all the </p><p>　　Monitoring and management functions, divided into DuoGe function module, the data stored in the database services </p>&l

36、t;p>　　Implement. The server is according to the manager and the client all kinds of requests from to complete .The database, and various operations to administrator provide a human, beautiful, easy Use interface. Due

37、to the introduction of the ADO, the server database of all aikido Make all is to use the SQL language to finish, plus all the client database request </p><p>　　Also is the server to a proxy to complete, the

38、server is driven by ADO unified in the background .Scheduling these database request, make the whole system can be efficient operation. </p><p>　　（3）Financial management subsystem: run in separate computer,

39、realize the user filling .</p><p>　　Value and financial surveillance management function, divided into DuoGe function module. In fact the computer maintenance and occurrence breakdown problem is far more tha

40、n these, formed the good habit and master a set of maintenance computer fault method, out for personal and business unit has a very important significance. </p><p>　　現(xiàn)代機房管理系統(tǒng)發(fā)展分析</p><p>　　隨著國家教育

41、體制改革的不斷深入, 高校招生規(guī)模的急劇擴大和計算機技術(shù)的普遍應(yīng)用, 學(xué)生上機量成倍增長, 公用計算機機房規(guī)模越來越大。為適應(yīng)學(xué)生上機方式多樣化的需求, 計算機機房配置和管理系統(tǒng)在運行穩(wěn)定、高效、可靠、安全、可擴展的同時隨著計算機技術(shù)的發(fā)展不斷更新。目前, 出現(xiàn)各種類型公用計算機機房, 如各種網(wǎng)吧、圖書館電子閱覽室、單位電子閱覽室、各種各樣的培訓(xùn)機構(gòu)、大中專院校機房等。在公用機房中, 以大中專院校機房的管理最具有代表性和通用性。學(xué)校公用

42、計算機開放實驗室有以下的特點。</p><p>　?。?）學(xué)生上機方式多樣化, 如課表上課、上機實習(xí)、自費上機技能練習(xí)、自費上網(wǎng)以及多種的等級考試、培訓(xùn)等。</p><p>　?。?）一個機房幾十臺計算機已經(jīng)滿足不了實際情況的需要,相繼出現(xiàn)上百臺、數(shù)百臺計算機的新型機房, 機房規(guī)模趨向大型化。</p><p>　?。?）服務(wù)對象有?？粕⒈究粕?、研究生、繼續(xù)教育及各

43、類型培訓(xùn)班等, 服務(wù)對象多樣化。</p><p>　?。?） 機房功能增加形成網(wǎng)絡(luò)實驗機房、多媒體機房等, 可使用D0S,Windows 9x、WindowsNT ö2000öXP ,Linux 及Unix 等操作系統(tǒng), 機房軟硬件配置多樣化。</p><p>　　根據(jù)國內(nèi)的實際情況, 研究設(shè)計適用于國內(nèi)大中專院校計算機機房管理系統(tǒng)是必要的。</p>&l

44、t;p>　　一、國外計算機機房管理現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　國外計算機機房管理方式與國內(nèi)有很多不同之處。在國外特別是發(fā)達(dá)國家, 由于計算機技術(shù)應(yīng)用普及程度較高, 公用機房管理系統(tǒng)并沒有得到廣泛的應(yīng)用, 計算機資源較為充裕, 所以機房規(guī)模不大, 發(fā)展較為穩(wěn)定。</p><p>　?。?）網(wǎng)絡(luò)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施完善, 上網(wǎng)費用便宜, 公用機房只能夠以輔助的角色出現(xiàn)。</p><

45、p>　?。?）機房開放程度高, 基本上都提供免費用機,24 小時免費開放的, 學(xué)生上機課不要求考勤, 因此門禁系統(tǒng)、教務(wù)管理(排課、考勤等) 系統(tǒng)、財務(wù)系統(tǒng)等都沒有整合到系統(tǒng)中。</p><p>　?。?）機房一般規(guī)模不大, 配備多樣化的各種設(shè)備, 不僅有PC機, 還有蘋果機(Macintosh )、各種工作站、打印機、掃描儀等, 實驗條件多樣化。</p><p>　　（4）設(shè)備更新

46、周期1.5～ 3 年, 更新速度快而且種類多造成系統(tǒng)安全管理難度大。</p><p>　　（5）不存在學(xué)生人數(shù)急劇擴大的情況, 機房規(guī)模變化不大, 管理人員充足, 因此在機房管理的改革方面沒有國內(nèi)那么迫切, 發(fā)展相對穩(wěn)定。</p><p>　?。?）上機人員素質(zhì)普遍較高, 機房制定了嚴(yán)格的實驗規(guī)范, 主要依靠每個人的自覺遵守。</p><p>　　二、國內(nèi)計算機機房

47、管理現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　在國內(nèi)由于高等教育的迅猛發(fā)展, 計算機機房的發(fā)展規(guī)模滿足不了學(xué)生的增長, 大多數(shù)高校計算機機房面臨著師資缺乏、管理人員嚴(yán)重不足, 并且在招生規(guī)模不斷增長的情況下, 既要滿足學(xué)生急劇增長的學(xué)習(xí)和上機需求, 又要保證教學(xué)工作的順利進行。于是, 各高校對計算機機房進行了管理方式的改革和創(chuàng)新。目前國內(nèi)高校計算機機房管理大致可分為人工管理、計算機輔助人工管理、全自動化管理三種模式。</p

48、><p><b>　?。?）人工管理</b></p><p>　　在一些規(guī)模不大、計算機設(shè)備較陳舊、上機任務(wù)不多的機房, 投入資金和技術(shù)去實現(xiàn)一套機房安全管理系統(tǒng), 往往得不償失。因此仍然采用傳統(tǒng)的人工管理手段, 也有一些機房規(guī)模不小, 但是限于條件不足, 也還是停留在人工管理模式。</p><p>　?。?）計算機輔助人工管理有些機房的改革剛起步

49、, 或是資金和技術(shù)不足, 還不能一下子實現(xiàn)計算機機房規(guī)范化管理, 部分的使用計算機輔助管理。如學(xué)生出入機房的時候要拿學(xué)生證或借書證到值班人員處刷卡,使用計費系統(tǒng)進行計時計費, 而對于學(xué)生的上機秩序、上機內(nèi)容等都還是依靠人工管理。</p><p>　?。?） 計算機機房的全自動化管理使用計算機機房管理系統(tǒng)對機房施行規(guī)范化管理, 學(xué)生除按計劃上機實驗外, 其它時間全天候開放, 學(xué)生可自主上機實驗, 用機自由度大, 機

50、房內(nèi)實現(xiàn)了無人值守, 應(yīng)用起來安全方便、提高了管理質(zhì)量。目前國內(nèi)已有部分學(xué)校實施了計算機的自動化管理, 還有相當(dāng)多學(xué)校還停留在人工管理模式, 部分學(xué)校機房已經(jīng)在某種</p><p>　　程度采用了計算機輔助人工管理模式。管理手段和方法參差不齊, 為了更有效、規(guī)范、高效實施管理, 有必要對管理模式和管理方法作一些探討。</p><p>　　三、計算機機房管理系統(tǒng)設(shè)計通過系統(tǒng)分析, 系統(tǒng)的總體

51、結(jié)構(gòu)分為服務(wù)器端(數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器和控制服務(wù)器)、客戶端和財務(wù)管理機。數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器存放所有用戶的個人信息、帳務(wù)信息、上機記錄以及充值卡等信息?？刂品?wù)器和客戶端通過信息交互實現(xiàn)機房管理功能, 財務(wù)管理機通過生成充值卡完成用戶充值、充值統(tǒng)計等功能。每個子系統(tǒng)包含不同功能的模塊完成系統(tǒng)功能。</p><p>　　客戶端子系統(tǒng): 運行于各個客戶機驗證用戶身份、余額查詢、自行充值、開關(guān)機等, 實現(xiàn)客戶機與服務(wù)器的通信。它的代

52、碼量比服務(wù)器端要小得多, 但它許多需要實現(xiàn)的功能確是任何高級語言所不具備的, 像是鎖定鍵盤、遍歷進程、系統(tǒng)關(guān)機等等。為了實現(xiàn)這些功能客戶端大量的調(diào)用了系統(tǒng)API , 這些API 幫助我們實現(xiàn)了對Windows 內(nèi)核函數(shù)的調(diào)用, 從而實現(xiàn)了所要完成的功能。作為用戶上機的直接監(jiān)控者, 客戶端程序進程應(yīng)該是不易被中止和不易被繞過的, 完全做到不能被中止和繞過是不現(xiàn)實的。我們在客戶端主程序之外, 增加了兩個監(jiān)測小程序, 隨時監(jiān)測客戶端主程序的運

53、行, 一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問題立即關(guān)機, 同時在服務(wù)器端加以相應(yīng)的跟蹤監(jiān)控機制。</p><p>　　(2) 控制服務(wù)器子系統(tǒng): 運行于控制服務(wù)器上, 實現(xiàn)所有的監(jiān)控和管理功能, 分為多個功能模塊, 數(shù)據(jù)存儲于數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)器。服務(wù)器端則是根據(jù)管理員和客戶端發(fā)來的各種請求來完成對數(shù)據(jù)庫的各種操作, 并給管理員提供一個人性化、美觀、易于使用的操作界面。由于ADO 的引入, 服務(wù)器端所有的數(shù)據(jù)庫操作都是使用SQL 語言來完成的, 加

54、上客戶端的所有數(shù)據(jù)庫請求也都是交由服務(wù)器端來代理完成, 服務(wù)器端由ADO 在后臺統(tǒng)一調(diào)度這些數(shù)據(jù)庫請求, 使得整個系統(tǒng)可以高效率的運作。</p><p>　　(3) 財務(wù)管理子系統(tǒng): 運行于單獨的計算機上, 實現(xiàn)用戶充值和財務(wù)監(jiān)視管理功能, 分為多個功能模塊。</p><p>　　其實計算機的維護和出現(xiàn)的故障問題遠(yuǎn)不止這些,養(yǎng)成良好的維護習(xí)慣和掌握一套排除計算機故障的方法, 對于個人和企事