外文翻譯--- 半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器

1、<p><b>　　附錄1：</b></p><p>　　Semiconductor Gas Sensors</p><p>　　Research and development of gas sensors have shown great advances during the past decade. Semiconductor gas sensors

2、 mainly using SnO2 elements have been prevailing as detectors or alarms for leakage of LP ( Liquified Propane) gas and town gas, in addition to other applications. Gas sensors based on MOSFET, first proposed in 1975,hav

3、e attracted interests of many researchers, and have been developed to a point of commercialization as a hydrogen detector. Solid electrolytes, represented by stabili</p><p>　　Semiconductor gas sensors detect

4、 gases from a change in electrical resistance of an element made with a semiconductive metal oxide, typically SnO2. Although sensors utilizing γ-Fe2O3 or α-Fe2O3 have been put into practical use, SnO2 sensor still has an

5、 overwhelming market share. The production of semiconductor gas sensors has grown into a large industry: more than 5 million pieces were produced in 1983. Most of them have been used in domestic homes as detectors or ala

6、rms for gas leakage. Field s</p><p>　　Semiconductor gas sensors is being applied in various fields, domestic and industrial. Carbon monoxide has often been used as a sample gas for gas sensor researches. How

7、ever, reliable CO sensors using SnO2 were </p><p>　　Fig.1. Breakdown of causes of gas leakage Fig.2. Heater voltage and output</p><p>　　(accor

8、ding to Osaka Gas Company Ltd.) voltage vs.elapsed time for a SnO2</p><p>　　based CO sensor</p><p>　　developed only recently. The sensitivity of SnO2 sensor to CO is low at elevated tempera

9、tures below 100oC. On the other hand, operation at such low temperature is easily disturbed by contamination of the sensor surface with interfering gases such as water vapor and others. Thus the recently developed CO sen

10、sor adopts intermittent heat cycles during operation; sensor is heated to elevated temperature (300-400oC) to make the sensor surface clean while CO detection is made at a low temperature as s</p><p><b&g

11、t;　　譯文：</b></p><p><b>　　半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器</b></p><p>　　在過去的十年間，氣敏傳感器的研究和發(fā)展已經(jīng)有了很大的的進(jìn)步。除了其它方面的應(yīng)用， 以SnO2為主的半導(dǎo)體傳感器作為液化氣和民用煤氣泄漏的檢測器和報(bào)警器來使用，已經(jīng)越來越盛行。 1975年被提議的基于 MOSFET 的氣敏傳感器, 引起了許多研究員的興趣，并發(fā)展

12、成為商品化的氫檢測器。 由穩(wěn)定的氧化鋯組成的固體電解質(zhì)已證明是對氧氣，SO2等的非常有前景的傳感材料。被穩(wěn)定的氧化鋯表現(xiàn)的固體電解物,已經(jīng)證明是氧， SO2 等的非常有希望的感應(yīng)器材料。本文著眼于簡要回顧近年來半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器的進(jìn)步和發(fā)展趨勢。</p><p>　　半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器通過半導(dǎo)體的金屬氧化物電阻值的改變來檢測氣體，典型的氧化物如SnO2。 盡管利用γ- Fe2O3 或α- Fe2O3 制成的傳感器已經(jīng)

13、付諸實(shí)踐，SnO2 感應(yīng)器仍然有一個(gè)壓倒性的市場占有率。 半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器的生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)發(fā)展成了一個(gè)很大的產(chǎn)業(yè)，1983年就生產(chǎn)了超過500萬片。它們大多數(shù)被用來作為家庭煤氣泄漏的檢測和報(bào)警器。 業(yè)內(nèi)統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示氣體報(bào)警器對于防止氣體泄漏事故的發(fā)生非常有效；隨著報(bào)警器安裝率的提高，事故發(fā)生率有了顯著的下降。 知道氣體報(bào)警減少意外事故的發(fā)生的起因是非常有用的。圖1給出了結(jié)果。其中，對于煤氣用具的錯(cuò)誤使用占66.8%，活塞出問題占了11.3%，自殺

14、占了7.6%，氣體管道問題占了6.7%，連接器問題占了6.4%，其它占了1.2%。很相當(dāng)令人驚訝地的是, 自殺在這項(xiàng)分析中排到了第三位。 不管怎么說半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器作為家庭安全的重要設(shè)施到目前為止已經(jīng)建立了很好的信譽(yù)，它的安裝率正在逐年上升。幾年前，SnO2用在像地下餐館的廚房這樣的地方，那里許多可燃性氣體不斷地從燃料中進(jìn)入到空氣中，這樣問題就隨之而來了。在這樣骯臟的大氣中，傳感器容易隨時(shí)間推移漸漸降低性能</p><

15、;p>　　半導(dǎo)體氣敏傳感器正被應(yīng)用到許多領(lǐng)域，家庭和工業(yè)。 一氧化碳時(shí)常被用當(dāng)做一種樣品瓦斯作為感應(yīng)器研究。 然而，使用 SnO2 的可靠 CO 傳感器最近才有發(fā)展。 在100C以下 SnO2 傳感器對CO的靈敏性很低。另一方面，在如此低的溫度操作容易被水蒸氣等其它氣體干擾。 于是，最近研制的CO傳感器在操作中采用了間歇循環(huán)加熱；傳感器被加熱300-400C以使在低溫檢測CO時(shí)，傳感器表面能不受干擾，具體如圖2所示。 燃燒監(jiān)視器感