18777.深厚松散層底部含水層滲流與變形試驗(yàn)研究

1、論文題目：深厚松散層底部含水層滲流與變形試驗(yàn)研究專業(yè)：采礦工程碩士生：張丁丁(簽名)指導(dǎo)教師：柴敬(簽名)摘要地下水開采導(dǎo)致松散層固結(jié)壓縮地表沉陷已經(jīng)在世界范圍內(nèi)普遍存在。我國大量城市和地區(qū)因地下水開采發(fā)生了地面沉降。華東地區(qū)由于受煤層開采中較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間持續(xù)排水和井筒自身泄水的影響，井筒附近區(qū)底含水位在持續(xù)下降，導(dǎo)致松散層產(chǎn)生較大的壓縮變形，造成地層沉降及眾多井壁破壞。其主要原因是第四系松散層下組含水層的水位下降和補(bǔ)給不充分。研究松散層的滲

2、流變形規(guī)律，探索松散層注水的方法，這對(duì)于松散層沉降治理手段的提高，減少由于松散地層沉降變形所引起的地質(zhì)災(zāi)害等具有重要意義?；谏詈袼缮拥撞亢畬拥刭|(zhì)特征，分析了深厚松散層底部含水層滲流規(guī)律，建立了松散層底部含水層水力耦合模型研究了松散層底部含水層的有效應(yīng)力分布，完善了松散層變形計(jì)算模型。以達(dá)西定律和水力相似理論為原理，設(shè)計(jì)了松散層滲流與變形模擬試驗(yàn)裝置及監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)，對(duì)裝置尺寸及強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行了計(jì)算驗(yàn)證。對(duì)松散層砂礫層進(jìn)行了顆粒組成實(shí)驗(yàn)分析，研

3、究了模型材料配置。應(yīng)用試驗(yàn)裝置測(cè)定并計(jì)算了滲流參數(shù)，進(jìn)行了模型滲流與變形規(guī)律和模型有效應(yīng)力分布特征的試驗(yàn)研究。對(duì)深厚松散層滲流及變形理論及試驗(yàn)研究成果進(jìn)行工程性驗(yàn)證，在濟(jì)三煤礦進(jìn)行了四次注水試驗(yàn)，分析了注水過程中松散層底部含水層的應(yīng)變變化，研究了松散層注水穩(wěn)定時(shí)間及影響范圍，建立了松散層注水效果評(píng)價(jià)的有效應(yīng)力分布評(píng)價(jià)方法。研究表明，配比等效粒徑D20砂粒試驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ筒牧峡梢詽M足滲流與變形模型試驗(yàn)。增加注水深度能在松散層垂直方向上增加注水影響

4、范圍；增加注水量可提高地層變形穩(wěn)定時(shí)間。地層有效應(yīng)力分布評(píng)價(jià)方法可預(yù)測(cè)松散層應(yīng)力集中區(qū)，為松散層注水效果評(píng)價(jià)及井筒變形預(yù)測(cè)提供依據(jù)。關(guān)鍵詞：深厚松散層；底部含水層；滲流；變形；模型試驗(yàn)；注水；有效應(yīng)力研究類型：應(yīng)用研究本文得到國家自然科學(xué)基金科學(xué)儀器專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(41027002)及高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金項(xiàng)目（20126121110003）的資助Subject：ExperimentalStudyonSeepageDefmatio

5、ninDeepUnconsolidatedLayerinEastChinaSpecialty：MiningEngineeringName：ZhangDingding(Signature)Instruct：ChaiJing(Signature)ABSTRACTDeepunconsolidatedlayercompressioncausedbygroundwaterexploitationisthemainreasonsurfacesubs

6、idethephenomenonuniversallyexistalloverthewld.Largenumberofcitiesregionsinourcountysubsidcdduetogroundwaterextraction.ThebottomaquiferofthewellbeareawithwaterlevelcontinuedtodeclineinEastChinaaffectedbyalongtimecontinuou

7、sdrainagedisgeofthewellbeinthecoalseamledtogroundsettlementmanyWallFracturecausedbygreatercompressivedefmationofunconsolidatedlayer.Themainreasoniswaterlevelofquaternarywaterbearinglayerdecreasedinadequatesupply.Research

8、lawofunconsolidatedlayerseepagedefmationdiscoverwaterinjectionoflooselayercanimproveunconsolidatedlayerofsettlementgovernancemeansreducefloosegroundsettlementdefmationcausedbygeologicaldisasterswhichhasveryimptantsignifi

9、cance.Basedonthegeologicalfeaturesofdeepunconsolidatedlayerbottomaquiferthispaperanalyzedbottomaquiferseepagelawestablishedbottomaquiferhydrauliccouplingmodelresearchedbottomaquifereffectivestressdistributionimprovedunco

10、nsolidatedlayerdefmationcalculationmodel.DesigneddeepunconsolidatedlayerofseepagedefmationsimulationtestdevicemonitingsystembasedontheprincipleofDarcylawhydraulicsimilaritythey.Calculatedonthesizeofthemodelverifiedthemod

11、elintensity.Analyzedunconsolidatedstratargravelparticlesbyexperimentalresearchedconfigurationofmodelmaterial.Measuredcalculatedseepageparametersappliedtestdevice.Experimentalstudyonthemodelseepagedefmationlawmodeleffecti

12、vestressdistributionacteristics.Verifieddeepunconsolidatedstratarseepagedefmationtheytestresearchbyengineeringtest.ThepaperintroducedfourwaterinjectiontestsinJiningNo.3CoalMine.Analyzedbottomaquiferstrainchangesduringwat

13、erinjectiontests.Researchedunconsolidatedlayerstableinjectiontimeinjectionscope.Establishedaeffectivestressdistributionevaluationmethodfwaterfloodofunconsolidatedlayer.ResearchshowsthatratioD20testmodelmaterialmeetthesee