近50a來長江流域氣象因素分析及蒸發(fā)變化原因初探.pdf

1、V28197分類號P33學(xué)號0430101001薪級玉一一河浮夫萼碩士學(xué)位論文近50a來長江流域氣象因素分析及蒸發(fā)變化原因初探陳吉琴指導(dǎo)教師姓名一一型握純熬控一(埴昱2一星盤盍堂盛童盛量遵生瞳碰立直酉崖壁!量申請學(xué)位級別三堂亟一生一一一學(xué)科領(lǐng)域盔奎生叢盛童握論文提交日期2QQZ生目論文答辯甘涮：2壁壘Z生垂且3目學(xué)位授予單位和H瑚：缸盎厶堂2QQ2笙墨目答辯委員會(huì)主席：奎盎友論文評閱人：睦塞置一、至匿差2007年6月中國南京Abs仃ac

2、tWaterisalwaysmovmgingeographicalenvironmentEachkindofwaterbodyisunceasinglYcirculatingandtransformin島fromonestateintoanotherstateItmakesimportantlytheoryandpracticesensetoresearchevaporationinbasinbecauseevaporationisth

3、emostimportantlinkinwatercycleThereportofIPCCindicatedthattheairtemperaturehasgoneupby04～08℃，duringthepast100yearsinthe20centuryreachingthehighestvalueintherecent1000yearsItiSconsideredthatevaporationwillincreaseasaresul

4、toftheternperatureriseButonthecontraryduringthepasthalfcenturypanevaporationmeasuredbypanevatorimetershasdecreasedoversomeareasThedeclineinpanevaporationisatoddswiththeexpectationthatglobalwanningcausedbyincreasingemissi

5、onofgreenhousegaseswouldineasepotentialevaporationWhatisthereasonofthephenomenaItisveryimportantforthemeteorologistsandhydrologlsttesolvethemUnderthebackground，basedonthedailyobservationdataofmeteorologicalelements(panev

6、aporation，themaximumairtemperature，themeanairtemperature，theminimumairtemperature，thegroundtemperature，therelativehumiditythecloud，thewindspeed，thesunlighttime，theaverageatmosphericpressandtheaveragevaporpress)from115sta

7、tionsinChangjiangRiverBasinfrom1951～2000，CharactefistiesofthetrendsofClimateinChangjiangRiverBasinarestatisticallyinvestigatedbycalculatingclimatetendencywithleastsquaremethodandtherelationsbetweenpanevaporationandkindso

8、fmeteorologicalelementsarealsoanalyzedTheseresultsshowtllatforrecent50yearsinChangiiangRiverBasin：(1)CharacteristicsofSpatial—TemporalVariabilityofkindsofmeteorologicalelementsareanalyzedinsubareasinChangiiangRiverBasin(

9、2)ThereferenceevapotranspirationisestimatedwithstandardFAOPenman—MonteithmethodTheresultiSsatisfiedbycomparingitwiththeobservationdatathoughcalculatingcoefficient；Also，itwasfoundthatkmisaffectedbythesiteofwatertopography

10、timeandregionalenvironment，anddTdwisrelatingtogeographicalenvironment，suchastopographyaltitudeandmeteoroloIgicalelementssuchaswindspeed，precipitation(3)Thepanevaporationhasdeclinedin4subareasinChan舀iangRiverBasinofthe4su

11、bareas，ithasdeclinedsignificantlyinthemidriVeL(4)ThemostpossiblereasonthatcausesthedeclineofpanevaporationinSGistheaverageVaDorpressThemostpossiblereasonsthatCaUSethedeclineofpanevaporationinSPisthegroundtemperatureandth

12、esunli【ghttime11lemostpossiblereasonthatcausesthedeclineofpanevaporationinmidriveranddownriveristhesunlighttimeKeywords：theChangjiangRiverBasin；climatewarming；PotentialEvaporation；Spatial—TemporalVariability；PenmanMontei