漢日語(yǔ)音與句法語(yǔ)義關(guān)系的研究.pdf

1、摘要任何語(yǔ)言都有自己獨(dú)特的結(jié)構(gòu)系統(tǒng)模式，有其特殊的呈示句法語(yǔ)義關(guān)系的形式。任何句法語(yǔ)義關(guān)系最終必須通過(guò)語(yǔ)音形式來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)，它(創(chuàng)千J)與語(yǔ)音形式密切相關(guān)，不可分離。一句話，語(yǔ)音是呈示句法語(yǔ)義關(guān)系最重要的、無(wú)可替代的形式手段。本論文以這種思考為前提，運(yùn)用實(shí)驗(yàn)語(yǔ)音學(xué)的方法，詳細(xì)比較研究了漢日兩種語(yǔ)否語(yǔ)音節(jié)律(頻率性質(zhì)、強(qiáng)度差異、延展時(shí)間、停頓、語(yǔ)調(diào)軌跡等)與句法語(yǔ)義的種種關(guān)系。全文分三大部分。上篇包括第一章至第四章。第一章從發(fā)音角度比較現(xiàn)代漢日

2、元輔音系統(tǒng)。第二章通過(guò)提取第一共振峰和第二共振峰的實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)從聲學(xué)角度比較漢日單元音的分布格局。第三章分析了在各種組合語(yǔ)境中漢日單元音的時(shí)長(zhǎng)變化及比例關(guān)系。第四章從外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的角度詳細(xì)分析了漢語(yǔ)送氣音不送氣音與日語(yǔ)清音濁音在)川沮、持阻和除隊(duì)1三階段呈現(xiàn)的不同時(shí)長(zhǎng)比例差異。下篇含第五章至第卜二章。第五章通過(guò)漢語(yǔ)“啊”“吧”與日語(yǔ)“上”“相”兩組句末語(yǔ)氣詞的語(yǔ)音分析，討淪了語(yǔ)調(diào)與信息源的歸屬關(guān)系。第六章通過(guò)比較上升調(diào)名詞獨(dú)詞句在漢語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)中呈

3、示句法語(yǔ)義范圍的差異，討論了漢日名詞獨(dú)詞句的語(yǔ)音與句法語(yǔ)義的關(guān)系。第七章通過(guò)比較漢日形容詞獨(dú)詞句在表現(xiàn)陳述、祈使、感嘆、疑問(wèn)四種語(yǔ)氣時(shí)呈現(xiàn)的不同語(yǔ)音特征，討論了漢日語(yǔ)音與語(yǔ)氣的關(guān)系。第八章主要討論漢日無(wú)句末語(yǔ)氣詞疑問(wèn)句中區(qū)別特指問(wèn)與是非問(wèn)的語(yǔ)音手段的異同。第九章至第十一章都是探討語(yǔ)音與歧義關(guān)系的。第九章通過(guò)對(duì)歧義結(jié)構(gòu)中切分下來(lái)的語(yǔ)段的語(yǔ)音分析，討論了漢語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)潛存于句法結(jié)構(gòu)理解中的韻律習(xí)慣。第十章通過(guò)對(duì)歧義句不同句法語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)音分析以

4、及聽(tīng)辨實(shí)驗(yàn)，討論了歧義句法語(yǔ)義理解和詞語(yǔ)時(shí)長(zhǎng)變化的關(guān)系。第十一章通過(guò)對(duì)歧義句法語(yǔ)義切分點(diǎn)的聲學(xué)分析，討論了時(shí)長(zhǎng)在歧義切分中的境界標(biāo)示功能。第十二章通過(guò)“Nl的(o))N2”短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中N2的弱化與非弱化的實(shí)驗(yàn)分析，討論了漢日N2弱化與句法語(yǔ)義結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系。結(jié)語(yǔ)部分(第十三章)主要從同異關(guān)系、幾組重要的語(yǔ)音手段(高與低、強(qiáng)與弱、長(zhǎng)與短、連與斷)、協(xié)同與主次三個(gè)方面對(duì)本文論及的漢日語(yǔ)音與句法語(yǔ)義關(guān)系作了綜合論述。本論文主要研究漢語(yǔ)和日語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音

5、與句法語(yǔ)義的關(guān)系。討論范圍涉及到基頻高低及曲AbstractAnylanguagehasitsownparticularpatternofstructuralsystemanditsownparticularformsofdemonstratingtherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningandanykindofrelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaningmustmanif

6、estitselfthroughsoundandthereforeiscloselylinkedwithsound.Inawordsoundisthemostimportantandirreplaceablemanifestationoftherelationshipbetweengrammarandmeaning.BasedonthisideathisdissertationmakesacomparativestudyofChines

7、eandJapaneseintermsoftherelationshipsbetweensoundrhythmnatureoffrequencydiferenceofintensityextensionofdurationpausetrackofintonation一andgrammarandmeaningbyusingthemethodofexperimentalphoneticsThewholedissertationisdivid

8、edintothreeparts.Thefirstpartconsistsoffourchapters.ChapterOneisacomparativestudyoftheChinesesystemofvowelsandconsonantsandtheJapaneseoneintermsofsound.ChapterTwomakesacomparisonbetweenthelayoutofsinglevowelsinChineseand

9、thatinJapaneseinacousticaltermsbywithdrawingdatafromtheexperimentsofthefirstandsecondformant.ChapterThreemakesananalysisofthevariationsofdurationofsinglevowelsandtheirproportionsinChineseandJapaneseinthecontextofdifferen

10、tcombinations.AndChapterFourisadetailedanalysisofthediferencebetweentheChineseaspiratedunaspiratedsoundsandtheJapaneseunvoicedvoicedsoundsintermsoftheproportionsofdurationatthestagesofresistanceformingresistancesustainin

11、gandresistanceremoving.ThesecondpartismadeupofChaptersFiveSixSevenEightNineTenElevenandTwelve.ChapterFivediscussesthepossessiverelationshipbetweenintonationandinformationsourcesthroughananalysisoftheChinesesounds“a“and“b

12、a“andtheJapanesesounds“yo“and“ne“.ChapterSixdiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandgrammarandmeaningintheChinesesinglewordsentencesandtheJapaneseonesthroughacomparativestudyofthediferencebetweenChineseandJapaneseintheran

13、geofgrammarandmeaningaspresentedbytherisingtonednounsinglewordsentences.ChapterSevendiscussestherelationshipbetweensoundandmoodthroughacomparativestudyofthedifferentsoundfeaturesoftheadjectiveinChineseandJapaneseinsugges