三種菊科短命植物的生殖生態(tài)學(xué)研究.pdf

1、新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文三種菊科短命植物的生殖生態(tài)學(xué)研究姓名：張學(xué)濤申請(qǐng)學(xué)位級(jí)別：碩士專業(yè)：植物學(xué)指導(dǎo)教師：譚敦炎20060601Abstract印池s缸^刪fk5脅(Bge)clafkP，勛咖跏d舶e口廊Palland毋口脅p“缸^e踟(kdeb)cKochwerethTeeephemeIalspeciesofAsteraceaewhichweredislTibutcdinJunggafdesenWilhlheaidofthefiel

2、dinVestigation，nuorescencernjcroscope，scaIllliⅡgel哪mnmicroscopeandbioslatist豳methods，phenologycharacIerisCics，breedingsysIem，f『uitpat忙m，reproducIivea110cadonandffIlitdispersalmechanjsmofthemwerestudiedinthismesisWbaimeda

3、tanalyzelifehistoryandreproductiVestrategiesoflheseplanIsandlheiradaptationtodesertenvironmenI1’hemaiⅡresultsshowasfollows：1)Phen0109icalcharacteriStics=ThreespeciesbelongedIotypicalephemeralplantsescaping如mdrougbtyTheir

4、plantscouldge衄inaleandgrowrapidlywnhmelIingsnowandprecipjtalioninearlyspIir培The臺(tái)u“sof也eirsbecamematurebeforetllefigorousweathefofsumm釘TheiIlifespanswereonlyfiflytoe蟾htydays，andcollldbediVidedintothreecoⅡlinuousstages：7eg

5、elativegrowIhperiod，co—exisfpefiodofVege扭nveandfepfoduclivegr。w啦andrepfoduc虹veg∞wchperiodThepmpo『tionofreproducliVegfowthwa8盯eatin1ifehistoryFufme咖ore，tIle丘uitsofⅣp“^曲e如c口尼c0Illdge咖inateiⅡautumn2)Breedingsystem：g)Theflof

6、etsofcapitulumcoulddivideinlayanddiskonesBothkindsof丑ofeIswere1ingulatea11dfertnein￡^咖f腸s如and足砌翻脅；butthefloIetsof且∥MP婦weretubuIous，inwh油thenyoneswerepiIll‘a(chǎn)Ⅱdsterne，whilediskoneswerewhiteandfert№The丑oweringdufalionofcapi

7、tulumdidnotlastforalonglime②ThebfecdingsyslemsofthreekindsofplantsweremixedmatingsystemneP船valueofrayanddisknoretsw盱e460537164and“3498788respecciVelyinE^e優(yōu)f細(xì)s缸WhilelheP／OValueofrayanddiskoneswere300154020and296555013resp

8、ecdvelyin尼砌e口施ButtheP／ovalueofdiskno∞Isi11凡p“^c^e如was1260507019(曼mleabortionratesofpolleninthreekindsofpI卸tswerequitelowThepollenabortionratesofrayanddjsknoretswere258067％and563土O55％rcspectivelyinE^刪婦s缸Andt11e柏tesofrayal

9、lddjskonewere047023％a11d0“035％respectiVelyin尼砌印廊BuIthe曲ortionrateofdisk—floretspollenwas456167％inHp“趾^P婦④Dynamiccurvesofp01lcnviabilicyintllreekindsofplanIsweresimilarandpollenViabmtieswerehi曲estatthebeginning0f丑oweringT

10、henoweringdurationsofsingleflorelwereinhighlyaccordancewiIhthepeIiodsofhigherpollenviabiIity，theop娃malperiodofsIigmarecepliVityandthertlshhourofinsectsVisitillgThesecharacterSensuredIherealityofp01linaIionandreproducIion

11、successinashorttime⑤ResultsoffnlitseIsIlIlder聃otreaImentsandthenuorescencemjcroscopeobservatioⅡprovedthattherewereautogamyandxenogamyiil￡^刪幽s缸and置在剛Ⅺ協(xié)，andH礎(chǔ)fc舵婦neededpollinatjonmedium3)Bio憎assaIJocationandfmjtsetcharacIe

12、rfstic：Theindividuajsize，bjomassoff叩roductiveo唱ans，numbersaⅡd、ⅣeiglltsofacheI慣andthenumberofindivi“alcapi“uminau也reckindsofplantsa11decreasedwithincreasillgdensity|ButreproducdveallocaⅡonhadthereversetrendFrujtsetsofraya