外文翻譯---澳大利亞關(guān)于老年護(hù)理的支持和服務(wù)的概述（原文）

1、Parliament of Australia'Caring for the Elderly' - an Overview of Aged Care Support and Services in AustraliaCurrent Issues'Caring for the Elderly' - an Overview of Aged Care Support and Services in Austra

2、liaE-Brief: Online Only issued 27 February 2003; updated 30 April 2003Greg McIntosh, Analysis and Policy Janet Phillips, Information/E-links Social Policy GroupScopeThis e-brief aims to give an overview of the array of s

3、ervices and support provided to the elderly in Australia. The terms 'elderly' and 'aged' are taken here to mean people aged over 65 years of age. It should be noted however, that some support for the aged

4、 is given to people who are younger than that, for example, some concessions for transport and entrance fees are provided to people over 60 years or even 55 years of age. Given the number and breadth of the various progr

5、ams that are available to the aged and, given the fact that all three levels of government and the non-government sector are involved in the provision of these programs, it is only possible to outline the main support an

6、d services provided. The main emphasis is on the role of the Commonwealth in terms of support and assistance for the aged, but brief details of the role of the non-government sector and that of State/Territory and local

7、governments are also given.One section of this brief gives some background on the very important issue of the ageing of the Australian population and contains links to contrasting views on just how policy makers now, and

8、 into the future, should respond to this ageing phenomenon.Included are an extensive number of links to web sites across Australia and, where appropriate, brief introductory comments that put the various links in context

9、 are included. Some examples of relevant overseas links are also included.By the early 1900s both the New South Wales and Victorian governments were providing age pensions to citizens in their jurisdictions aged over 65.

10、 Queensland also introduced an age pension in 1908. In April 1909 the Commonwealth government took over the payment of these pensions. The Commonwealth 'old age pension' was paid to people aged over 65 years of a

11、ge or who were aged 60 years and over and permanently incapacitated for work. The pension was means tested and from 1910 the pension became available to eligible women aged over 60 years of age. In 1910 there were 65 492

12、 recipients of the age pension.(For an overview of the main social security payments and benefits paid to the aged, people with disabilities and carers since 1909 see the Parliamentary Library publication Social Security

13、 Payments for the Aged, People with Disabilities and Carers 1909 to 2003.)Prior to the 1950s the majority of non-income support and assistance for the elderly was in the hands of State governments and the charitable sect

14、or. Before that time the emphasis in terms of government non-income support was the provision of basic health facilities and 'asylums' that helped care for the most needy of the aged population.From the 1950s and

15、 1960s onwards the Commonwealth has become increasingly involved via the provision of funding for nursing homes and community care services for the aged (see later sections of this e-brief for additional details on this)

16、.Current Government SupportCommonwealthIn summary, the Commonwealth provides the following payments and support either specifically to the aged community or through mainstream programs that the aged can access:age pensio

17、ns rent assistance and disability payments residential services (for example, the funding of residential aged facilities and veterans residential facilities) medical and pharmaceutical benefits public housing (with the S

18、tates and Territories via the operation of the Commonwealth-State Housing Agreement) acute care (with the States and Territories) disability services (with the States and Territories via the operation of the Commonwealth

19、-State/Territory Disability Agreement) hospital and home and community care support (with the States/Territories and local government)The Commonwealth also provides support and assistance to carers of the elderly, both i