工程造價外文翻譯-工程項目管理中的造價管理

1、工程項目管理中的造價管理 工程項目管理中的造價管理 Cost management in the engineering project management論文摘要：工程造價控制是工程建設(shè)管理工作的重要組成部分，如何合理確定和有效控制工程投資，是工程項目管理的一大難題。本文系統(tǒng)地分析了工程項目整個過程的造價控制的主要影響因素，并提出了有效的、切實可行的造價管理措施。 Abstract : the project cost contro

2、l is an important part of project construction management work, how to determine a reasonable and effective control of project investment, is a big problem in the project management. This paper systematically analyzes th

3、e main influence factors of cost control of the whole process of engineering project, and proposes effective, feasible cost management measures.論文關(guān)鍵詞：工程；項目管理；造價管理 Keywords: project; project management;engineering cost m

4、anagement; 在工程項目建立和實施過程中，如何有效地利用投入建設(shè)工程的人力、物力、財力，以盡量少的勞動和物質(zhì)消耗，取得較高的經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會效益，是工程項目管理中的一個十分重要的問題。工程造價管理。工程造價管理的目的不僅在于控制項目投資不超過批準(zhǔn)的造價限額，更在于從項目的整體利益出發(fā)，合理地使用人力、物力、財力，以取得最大的投資效益。 Establishment and implementation process in the p

5、roject, how to effectively use the input of construction engineering of the human, material and financial resources, to minimize the consumption of labor and material, to achieve good economic and social benefits, is a v

6、ery important problem in engineering project management. Project cost management. The purpose of project cost management is not only the cost quota control project investment does not exceed the approved, but from the ov

7、erall interests of the project, the rational use of human, material and financial resources,, to obtain the maximum investment benefit.一個建設(shè)項目從醞釀、規(guī)劃、設(shè)計到建成投產(chǎn)包括以下程序：即項目建議書階段、可行性評估階段、設(shè)計階段、施工階段、竣工驗收階段。相應(yīng)地，工程造價的確定與工程建設(shè)階段性工作相適應(yīng)

8、，一般分為以下幾個階段：一是決策階段的造價管理；二是設(shè)計與計劃階段的造價管理；三是實施階段的造價管理；四是竣工階段的造價管理。 A construction project from the brewing, planning, design to put into operation includes the following procedures: the project proposal stage, feasibility

9、evaluation stage, design stage, construction stage, the completion acceptance stage. Accordingly, to determine the project cost and project construction stage work, generally divided into the following stages: one is the

10、 cost management decision-making stage; two is the cost management in design and planning stage; three is to implement the cost management; four is the completion of the construction cost management.一、決策階段的造價管理 I, decis

11、ion-making phase of the cost management決策階段的投資估算是項目建設(shè)前期編制項目建議書和可行性研究報告的重要組成部分，是進(jìn)行投資方案選擇的重要依據(jù)之一。決策階段影響工程造價的主要因素有：建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)水平的確定；建設(shè)地區(qū)的選擇；建設(shè)地點（廠址）的選擇；項目的經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模；工藝評選；設(shè)備選用。 Estimated investment decision-making stage is an important

12、 part of the earlier stage of project construction project proposal and feasibility study report,and is one of the important basis for investment options. The decision stage of the main factors affecting the project cost

13、: identify the level of construction standards; construction area selection; construction site ( sites ) choice; development; technology selection; equipment selection.總體工程造價控制打好基礎(chǔ)。在設(shè)計過程中，可以利用價值工程對設(shè)計方案進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性比較分析，對不合理的設(shè)計方案

14、提出意見，從而達(dá)到控制造價、節(jié)約投資的目的。在工程項目中，針對該階段，我們可采取以下措施對工程項目進(jìn)行造價管理： Thus, not only in the design work, design drawings has not delivered for use before the project cost management is the first pass, in order to lay a good foundati

15、on for the overall project cost control. In the design process, you can use the value engineering to the design of economic comparison analysis, put forward opinions on the design unreasonable, so as to control the cost,

16、 save the investment objective. In the project, aiming at this stage, we can take the following measures for cost management of Engineering projects:（一）建立必要的規(guī)章制度，明確各部門及崗位的權(quán)責(zé)，分工明確，獎懲分明 ( a ) establishing the necessary ru

17、les and regulations, clear the various departments and job responsibilities, a clear division of labor, rewards and punishments只有明晰的文件管理制度，把工程技術(shù)人員和經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)人員的責(zé)、權(quán)、利與工程造價管理掛上鉤，才能調(diào)動他們的積極性，才能把設(shè)計與計劃階段的造價管理工作做細(xì)致、準(zhǔn)確。 Only clear th

18、e file management system, the engineering and technical personnel and economic and technical personnel of the responsibility, right, benefit and cost management of project of hanging hook, to mobilize their enthusiasm, c

19、an the design and planning phase of the cost management work to do meticulous, accurate.（二）加強(qiáng)技術(shù)培訓(xùn)，不斷提高各方面人員的綜合素質(zhì) (b) to strengthen the technical training, and continuously improve the comprehensive quality of the staff設(shè)

20、計與計劃階段工程造價管理是一項綜合性的工作，設(shè)計人員和經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)人員要具備較好的綜合素質(zhì)才行。 The design and planning stage of project cost management is a comprehensive work, designs the personnel and the economic and technical personnel should possess good compreh

21、ensive quality.（三）把限額設(shè)計作為工程造價管理的重要手段 ( c ) the quota design as an important means of project cost management要求設(shè)計單位在工程設(shè)計中推行限額設(shè)計，凡是能進(jìn)行定量分析的設(shè)計內(nèi)容，均要通過計算，技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)相結(jié)合用數(shù)據(jù)說話，在設(shè)計時應(yīng)充分考慮施工的可能性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性，要和技術(shù)水平和管理水平相適應(yīng)。 Design units to car

22、ry out quota design in engineering design, which can design the content of quantitative analysis, both by calculation, the combination of technology and economic data to speak, in the design should fully consider the pos

23、sibility and economic construction, and the level of technology and management to adapt.三、實施階段的造價管理 C. the implementation of the cost management工程實施階段，在整個項目的建設(shè)周期中所占用的時間最長，投入的資金量最大，是建設(shè)項目價值和使用價值實現(xiàn)的主要階段，也是貨幣資金轉(zhuǎn)化為建筑實體的關(guān)鍵階段

24、。實施階段影響工程造價的主要因素有：工程招投標(biāo)、合同的簽訂與管理、施工組織設(shè)計的審查、材料管理及竣工結(jié)算審核。 The project implementation stage, occupied in the whole project construction period of time is the longest, largest funds into, is the main stage of the constructi

25、on project value and use value realization, it is also a key stage of monetary funds into the construction entity. Implementation stages of the main factors affecting the project cost : the project bidding, contract sign

26、ing and management, the construction organization design review, material management and completion settlement audit.盡管工程實施階段節(jié)約投資的比例相對較小，但由于種種原因造成浪費投資的可能性卻很大，因為建筑實體的形成過程是不可逆的，如果在此階段未能實現(xiàn)對工程造價的有效控制，造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失將無法挽回和彌補(bǔ)。在這一階段，我們