2023年全國碩士研究生考試考研英語一試題真題(含答案詳解+作文范文)_第1頁
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1、畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)外文翻譯THETHERESEARCHSRESEARCHSOFOFAMTAMTSHIFTINGSHIFTINGSCHEDULESSCHEDULESThemodernautomatictransmissionisbyfar,themostcomplicatedmechanicalcomponentintoday`sautomobile.Itisatypeoftransmissionthatsiftsitself.Afluidcoup

2、lingtqueconverterisusedinsteadofamanuallyoperatedclutchtoconnectthetransmissiontotheengine.Therearetwobasictypesofautomatictransmissionbasedonwhetherthevehicleisrearwheeldrivefrontwheeldrive.Onarearwheeldrivecar,thetrans

3、missionisusuallymountedtothebackoftheengineislocatedunderthehumpinthecenterofthefloboardalongsidethegaspedalposition.Adriveshaftconnectsthetransmissiontothefinaldrivewhichislocatedintherearaxleisusedtosendpowertotherearw

4、heels.Powerflowonthissystemissimplestraightfwardgoingfromtheengine,throughthetqueconverter,thentroughthetransmissiondriveshaftuntilitreachesthefinaldrivewhereitissplitsenttothetworeartransmission.Onafrontwheeldrivecar,th

5、etransmissionisusuallycombinedwiththefinaldrivetofmwhatiscalledatransaxle.Theengineonafrontwheeldrivecarisusuallymountedsidewaysinthecarwiththetransaxletuckedunderitonthesideoftheenginefacingtherearofthecar.Frontaxlesare

6、connecteddirectlytothetransaxleprovidepowertofrontwheels.Inthisexample,powerfloesfromtheengine,throughthetqueconvertertoalargerchainthatsendsthepowerthrougha180degreeturntothetransmissionthatisalongsidetheengine.Fromther

7、e,thepowerisroutedthroughthetransmissiontothefinaldrivewhereitissplitsenttothetwofrontwheelsthroughthedriveaxles.gear(whichisheldstationary)causingtheplacarriertoturntheoutputshaftinthesamedirectionastheinputshaftbutatas

8、lowerspeedcausinggearreduction(similartoacarinfirstgear).Ifweunlockthesungearlockanytwoelementstogether,thiswillcauseallthreeelementstoturnatthesamespeedsothattooutputshaftwillturnatthesamerateofspeedastheinputshaft.This

9、islikeacarthatisthirdhighgear.Anotherwaywecanuseaplaarygearsetisbylockingtheplacarrierfrommoving,thenapplyingpowertotheringgearwhichwillcausethesungeartoturninoppositedirectiongivingusreversegear.TheillustrationinFigures

10、howshowthesimplesystemdescribedabovewouldlookinanactualtransmission.Theinputshaftisconnectedtotheringgear,theoutputshaftisconnectedtotheplacarrierwhichisalsoconnectedtoa“Multidisk”clutchpack.Thesungearisconnectedtodrumwh

11、ichisalsoconnectedtotheotherhalfoftheclutchpack.Surroundingtheoutsideofthedrumisabthatcanbetightenedaroundthedrumwhenrequiredtopreventthedrumwiththeattachedsungearfromturning.Theclutchpackisused,inthisinstance,tolockthep

12、lacarrierwiththesungearfcingbothtoturnatthesamespeed.Ifboththeclutchpackthebwerereleased,thesystemwouldbeinneutral.Turningtheinputshaftwouldturntheplagearsagainstthesungear,butsincenotingisholdingthesungear,itwilljustspi

13、nfreehavenoeffectontheoutputshaft.Toplacetheunitinfirstgear,thebisappliedtoholdthesungearfrommoving.Toshiftfromfirsttohighgear,thebisreleasedtheclutchisappliedcausingtheoutputshafttoturnatthesamespeedastheinputshaft.Many

14、mecombinationsarepossibleusingtwomeplaarysetsconnectedinvariouswaytoprovidethedifferentfwardspeedsreversethatarefoundinmodernautomatictransmission.2)ClutchpackAclutchpackconsistsofalternatingdisksthatfitinsideaclutchdrum

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