辦公樓畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算書

1、<p><b>　　本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書</b></p><p>　　題 目：濟(jì)南市高級(jí)技術(shù)學(xué)院辦公樓（方案一）</p><p>　　院 （部）： 土木工程學(xué)院</p><p>　　專 業(yè)： 土木工程</p><p><b>　　班 級(jí)： </b></p>&

2、lt;p><b>　　姓 名： </b></p><p><b>　　學(xué) 號(hào)：</b></p><p><b>　　目 錄</b></p><p>　　摘 要··········&#

3、183;····································

4、···················Ⅲ</p><p>　　ABSTRACT············&#

5、183;····································

6、···········Ⅳ</p><p>　　前 言·····················&

7、#183;····································

8、;·········1</p><p><b>　　第一部分 建筑設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　1 設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn) </p><p>　　1.1 建筑平

9、面設(shè)計(jì)····································&

10、#183;·····················2</p><p>　　1.2建筑立面設(shè)計(jì)·········&#

11、183;····································

12、············2</p><p>　　1.3建筑剖面設(shè)計(jì)···················&

13、#183;····································

14、;··2</p><p>　　2 方案設(shè)計(jì) </p><p>　　2.1 建筑平面設(shè)計(jì)···············&

15、#183;····································

16、;······2</p><p>　　2.2建筑立面設(shè)計(jì)·························

17、·································3</p><p>

18、　　2.3建筑剖面設(shè)計(jì)···································

19、;·······················3</p><p>　　3 建筑設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明········&

20、#183;····································

21、;············3</p><p>　　4 建筑材料及做法 </p><p>　　4.1 墻體工程·····

22、····································

23、3;····················3</p><p>　　4.2門窗···········

24、83;····································&

25、#183;·················3</p><p>　　4.3樓地面做法·············

26、83;····································&

27、#183;·········3</p><p>　　4.4 散水做法·····················

28、83;····································&

29、#183;···4</p><p>　　4.5水管及雨水口···························&#

30、183;······························4</p><p>　　4.6挑出墻面的雨蓬等構(gòu)

31、件····································

32、83;·············4</p><p>　　第二部分 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì) </p><p>　　1 結(jié)構(gòu)方案

33、 </p><p>　　1.1 建筑結(jié)構(gòu)選型···························&

34、#183;······························4</p><p>　　1.2 結(jié)構(gòu)平面布置及

35、計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖····································

36、···········4</p><p>　　1.3 初步估計(jì)梁柱的截面尺寸···················&

37、#183;···························5</p><p>　　1.4 荷載統(tǒng)計(jì)···

38、83;····································&

39、#183;····················6</p><p>　　1.4.1 恒荷載··········&#

40、183;····································

41、··············6</p><p>　　1.4.2 活荷載·················&

42、#183;····································

43、;·······7</p><p>　　1.4.3 風(fēng)荷載························

44、····································

45、3;7</p><p>　　1.4.4 雪荷載·······························

46、;······························8</p><p>　　1.4.5 地震作用·

47、;····································

48、83;·····················8</p><p>　　2 框架計(jì)算 </p><p>　　2.1 荷載統(tǒng)計(jì)···

49、····································

50、3;······················9</p><p>　　2.1.1 恒荷載計(jì)算········

51、83;····································&

52、#183;··········10</p><p>　　2.1.2 活荷載計(jì)算····················

53、;····································13&

54、lt;/p><p>　　2.1.3 風(fēng)荷載·······························

55、83;····························14</p><p>　　2.2 內(nèi)力計(jì)算··

56、3;····································&#

57、183;·····················14</p><p>　　2.2.1 恒荷載作用下的內(nèi)力計(jì)算········

58、····································14&l

59、t;/p><p>　　2.2.2 活荷載載作用下的內(nèi)力計(jì)算······························&

60、#183;···········23</p><p>　　2.2.3 風(fēng)荷載載作用下的內(nèi)力計(jì)算及側(cè)移驗(yàn)算·················

61、;···············30</p><p>　　2.3 內(nèi)力組合················

62、····································

63、3;·······35</p><p>　　2.3.1 柱的內(nèi)力組合·······················&

64、#183;······························35</p><p>　　2.3.2 梁的內(nèi)力

65、組合····································&#

66、183;·················37</p><p>　　2.4 框架梁、柱截面配筋計(jì)算············&#

67、183;··································39</p>

68、<p>　　2.4.1 框架梁配筋計(jì)算································&#

69、183;···················39</p><p>　　2.4.2 框架柱配筋計(jì)算··········

70、3;····································&#

71、183;····40</p><p><b>　　3 板的設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　3.1 樓面板的設(shè)計(jì)··················

72、····································

73、3;··45</p><p>　　3.1.1 雙向板的設(shè)計(jì)（AB、CD跨）···························

74、;················45</p><p>　　3.1.1 單向板的設(shè)計(jì)（BC跨）·············

75、83;·································47</p><p

76、>　　3.2 屋面板的設(shè)計(jì)··································

77、·······················48</p><p>　　3.2.1 雙向板的設(shè)計(jì)（AB、CD跨）······&

78、#183;····································

79、;48</p><p>　　3.2.1 單向板的設(shè)計(jì)（BC跨）·····························

80、83;·················50</p><p><b>　　4 次梁設(shè)計(jì)</b></p><p>　　4.1 荷載設(shè)計(jì)值·····&#

81、183;····································

82、·················51</p><p>　　4.2 計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖··············&

83、#183;····································

84、;·········52</p><p>　　4.3 內(nèi)力計(jì)算······················

85、····································

86、3;··52</p><p>　　4.4 承載力計(jì)算····························

87、3;······························52</p><p>　　4.4.1 正截面受彎承載

88、力計(jì)算····································&

89、#183;·········52</p><p>　　4.4.2 斜截面受剪承載力計(jì)算····················

90、··························53</p><p>　　5 樓梯設(shè)計(jì)

91、 </p><p>　　5.1 設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)··························

92、83;··································54</p>

93、<p>　　5.2 樓梯板計(jì)算·································&

94、#183;·························54</p><p>　　5.2.1 荷載計(jì)算·····

95、····································

96、3;················54</p><p>　　5.2.2 截面設(shè)計(jì)··············

97、83;····································&

98、#183;······54</p><p>　　5.3 平臺(tái)板計(jì)算························&

99、#183;··································55</p>

100、;<p>　　53.1 荷載計(jì)算·································

101、;·························55</p><p>　　5.3.2 截面設(shè)計(jì)·····

102、3;····································&#

103、183;···············55</p><p>　　5.4 平臺(tái)梁設(shè)計(jì)···············&#

104、183;····································

105、······56</p><p>　　5.4.1 荷載計(jì)算·························

106、;·································56</p><p&g

107、t;　　5.4.2 截面設(shè)計(jì)··································&#

108、183;························56</p><p>　　6 雨篷設(shè)計(jì)

109、 </p><p>　　6.1 雨篷尺寸····························

110、;·································57</p><p&g

111、t;　　6.2 荷載統(tǒng)計(jì)··································

112、3;··························57</p><p>　　6.3 內(nèi)力計(jì)算·····

113、;····································

114、83;···················57</p><p>　　7 撓度驗(yàn)算············

115、····································

116、3;············58</p><p>　　8 截面裂縫控制驗(yàn)算··················

117、83;································59</p><p>　　

118、9 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)···································

119、3;·························59</p><p>　　9.1 邊基礎(chǔ)······

120、····································

121、3;····················59</p><p>　　9.1.1 基礎(chǔ)埋深··········

122、83;····································&

123、#183;··········60</p><p>　　9.1.2 基礎(chǔ)底面積····················

124、;····································60&

125、lt;/p><p>　　9.1.3 基礎(chǔ)高度·······························&#

126、183;··························61</p><p>　　9.1.4 基礎(chǔ)底板配筋計(jì)算···

127、83;····································&

128、#183;·········62</p><p>　　9.1 B、C柱基礎(chǔ)·····················

129、····································

130、3;63</p><p>　　9.2.1 基礎(chǔ)埋深······························

131、83;···························64</p><p>　　9.2.2 基礎(chǔ)底面積···&

132、#183;····································

133、;················65</p><p>　　9.2.3 基礎(chǔ)高度··············

134、3;····································&#

135、183;······65</p><p>　　9.2.4 基礎(chǔ)底板配筋計(jì)算·······················

136、83;··························67</p><p>　　第三部分 施工設(shè)計(jì) </p><p>　　1 編

137、制依據(jù)····································&

138、#183;························68</p><p>　　2 工程概況······

139、3;····································&#

140、183;·················69</p><p>　　2.1 工程建設(shè)概況·············&

141、#183;····································

142、;·······69</p><p>　　2.2 工程設(shè)計(jì)概況·······················

143、3;·································69</p><p&

144、gt;　　2.2.1 建筑設(shè)計(jì)··································&

145、#183;·······················69</p><p>　　2.2.2 結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)·······

146、····································

147、3;··············69</p><p>　　2.3 工程施工概況················

148、83;····································&

149、#183;···70</p><p>　　2.3.1 建設(shè)地點(diǎn)特征··························

150、3;···························70</p><p>　　2.3.2 施工技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件···

151、;····································

152、83;··········70</p><p>　　3 施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)平面布置····················&#

153、183;······························70</p><p>　　3.1 施工平面布置原

154、則····································

155、83;················70</p><p>　　3.2 平面布置··············

156、3;····································&#

157、183;·········70</p><p>　　4 單位工程施工進(jìn)度計(jì)劃·····················

158、;··························71</p><p>　　4.1 劃分施工流水段····

159、83;····································&

160、#183;·············71</p><p>　　4.2 工程量計(jì)算·················&

161、#183;····································

162、;·····73</p><p>　　4.2.1 場(chǎng)地平整·························

163、3;································73</p><p>　　4

164、.2.2 土方開挖···································&

165、#183;······················73</p><p>　　4.2.3 基礎(chǔ)工程········

166、····································

167、3;·············73</p><p>　　4.2.4 主體工程·················

168、83;····································&

169、#183;···73</p><p>　　5 施工順序 </p><p>　　5.1 施工準(zhǔn)備············

170、····································

171、3;············76</p><p>　　5.2 施工原則···················

172、;····································

173、83;·····76</p><p>　　5.3 施工工藝流程·························&#

174、183;·······························77</p><p>　　6 主要施

175、工方法、技術(shù)措施···································&#

176、183;·········77</p><p>　　6.1 土方及基礎(chǔ)工程施工方案····················&#

177、183;··························77</p><p>　　6.1.1 土方開挖····&

178、#183;····································

179、;·················77</p><p>　　6.1.2 墊層澆筑·············

180、3;····································&#

181、183;·······78</p><p>　　6.1.3 基礎(chǔ)鋼筋工程·······················

182、;·······························78</p><p>　　6.1.4 基礎(chǔ)

183、模板工程····································

184、··················79</p><p>　　6.1.5 基礎(chǔ)混凝土澆筑············&#

185、183;····································

186、···80</p><p>　　6.1.6 基槽及房心土回填···························&

187、#183;······················80</p><p>　　6.2 主體結(jié)構(gòu)施工方案·······

188、3;····································&#

189、183;········81</p><p>　　6.2.1 垂直運(yùn)輸和腳手架·····················

190、83;····························82</p><p>　　6.2.2 主體結(jié)構(gòu)主要項(xiàng)目施工方法·

191、····································

192、3;····85</p><p>　　6.3 主要裝飾工程施工方案··························

193、;·······················85</p><p>　　6.3.1 屋面工程·······

194、3;····································&#

195、183;·············86</p><p>　　6.3.2 樓面工程·················&

196、#183;····································

197、;····87</p><p>　　6.3.3 外墻工程··························

198、3;·······························88</p><p>　　6.3.4 內(nèi)

199、墻及頂棚抹灰···································

200、3;················88</p><p>　　7 施工措施···············&

201、#183;····································

202、;·········88</p><p>　　7.1 質(zhì)量保證措施·····················

203、3;···································88</p

204、><p>　　7.1.1 施工前的質(zhì)量預(yù)控及材料驗(yàn)收······························

205、3;·········88</p><p>　　7.1.2 質(zhì)量控制措施·····················&

206、#183;································88</p><p>

207、　　7.2 冬雨季施工措施··································

208、83;···················90</p><p>　　7.2.1 雨季施工技術(shù)措施··········

209、3;····································&#

210、183;··90</p><p>　　7.2.2 高溫季節(jié)施工技術(shù)措施···························&

211、#183;··················90</p><p>　　7.2.3 冬季施工技術(shù)措施···········&#

212、183;····································

213、··90</p><p>　　7.1 安全技術(shù)措施·····························

214、;····························90</p><p>　　7.1.1 防墜落措施··

215、83;····································&

216、#183;················90</p><p>　　7.1.2 安全用電措施·············

217、3;····································&#

218、183;···91</p><p>　　7.4 文明施工措施···························&

219、#183;·····························91

220、 </p><p>　　謝 辭·······························&

221、#183;··································92</p>

222、;<p>　　參考文獻(xiàn)·································

223、3;·····························93</p><p>　　附 錄··

224、3;····································&#

225、183;··························59</p><p><b>　　摘 要</b></p>&

226、lt;p>　　本文綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)的專業(yè)知識(shí)，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書的要求進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)辦公樓的建筑設(shè)計(jì)、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)以及施工設(shè)計(jì)。</p><p>　　在確定結(jié)構(gòu)方案之后，先進(jìn)行了層間荷載代表值的計(jì)算，進(jìn)而求出在水平荷載（風(fēng)荷載）作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力（彎矩，剪力，軸力）。接著計(jì)算豎向荷載（恒載，活載）作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力，找出最不利的一組或幾組內(nèi)力組合。選取最安全的結(jié)果計(jì)算配筋并繪圖。此外還進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)方案中的室內(nèi)樓

227、梯的設(shè)計(jì)（完成了平臺(tái)板，梯段板，平臺(tái)梁等構(gòu)件的內(nèi)力和配筋計(jì)算及施工圖繪制），樓蓋的設(shè)計(jì)（完成了板的配筋和次梁的配筋），基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)計(jì)（完成了獨(dú)立基礎(chǔ)和聯(lián)合基礎(chǔ)的配筋及手畫基礎(chǔ)圖）。</p><p>　　本設(shè)計(jì)按先建筑后結(jié)構(gòu)再基礎(chǔ)的順序進(jìn)行。</p><p>　　首先，建筑設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)建筑總體規(guī)劃要求、建筑用地條件和基地周邊的環(huán)境特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)出建筑平面，然后進(jìn)行立面、剖面設(shè)計(jì)。</p>

228、<p>　　結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)建筑設(shè)計(jì)，以現(xiàn)行的有關(guān)規(guī)范為依據(jù)，主要包括結(jié)構(gòu)選型及結(jié)構(gòu)布置、確定計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖及計(jì)算單元、荷載計(jì)算、側(cè)移控制、內(nèi)力組合、構(gòu)件設(shè)計(jì)、樓梯設(shè)計(jì)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計(jì)等內(nèi)容 。本工程選取了有代表性的一榀框架進(jìn)行計(jì)算。對(duì)于豎向荷載作用采用彎矩二次分配法，水平荷載作用采用D值法。</p><p>　　本工程位于6度抗震設(shè)防區(qū)，計(jì)算時(shí)不考慮抗震要求。</p><p>　　施工組織設(shè)計(jì)

229、主要包括施工準(zhǔn)備工作、施工部署、主要項(xiàng)目的施工方法以及技術(shù)質(zhì)量、安全生產(chǎn)、文明施工方面的一系列措施。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：建筑設(shè)計(jì)；結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；施工組織設(shè)計(jì)；框架結(jié)構(gòu)；荷載計(jì)算；</p><p><b>　　ABSTRACT</b></p><p>　　This thesis uses the professional knowledge

230、 synthetically according to the request of the design program. The design of the frame office building includes architectural design, structural design and construction management design.</p><p>　　When the d

231、irections of the frames is detemined.Then the internal force（wind loads）(bending moment,shearing force,axial force) in the structure under the horizontal loads can be easily calculated.After the determination of the inte

232、rnal force under the dead and live loads,the combination of internal force can be made by using the Excel software, whose purpose is to find one or several sets of the most adverse internal force of the wall limbs and th

233、e coterminous girders, which will be the basis of </p><p>　　The design process follows the order: firstly, architectural design; secondly, structural design; lastly, the foundation design. </p><p&

234、gt;　　The architectural design, according to the master plan of the building, the site condition, peripheral urban environment, and characteristic of the base design the building plain at first. The elevation design is ca

235、rried on secondly, considering building classify and fire prevention. </p><p>　　Structural design maintains close ties with the architectural design, which is based on current relevant codes. It includes the

236、 structure style, the preliminary estimation for the structural members, confirmation of the sketch and unit for calculation, sideway control, load calculation, component design, slab-stairs design, floor overlay design

237、and foundation design. This project has chosen a representative frame to calculate. Vertical load function adopts moment distribution method, level load </p><p>　　During the design process earthquake-resista

238、nt design, technical economy index and construction industrialized request are synthetically considered.</p><p>　　Construction management design includes the preparation of construction, construction schedul

239、e, the main construction method and a series of measures for technological quality, safety in production and civilization construction.</p><p>　　Keywords: Architectural design; Structural design; Constructi

240、on management design; Frames structure; Load calculation</p><p><b>　　前 言</b></p><p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是大學(xué)本科教育培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要階段，也是綜合性和實(shí)踐性極強(qiáng)的最后一個(gè)教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)，是畢業(yè)前的綜合學(xué)習(xí)階段,是深化、拓寬、綜合教和學(xué)的重要過(guò)程,是對(duì)大學(xué)期間所學(xué)專業(yè)知識(shí)的全面總結(jié)。是我

241、們學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)理論、專業(yè)知識(shí)和基本技能進(jìn)行建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、施工設(shè)計(jì)的重要實(shí)踐過(guò)程，涉及綜合運(yùn)用建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)、施工、設(shè)備、給排水和相關(guān)學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。在老師的指導(dǎo)和同學(xué)的幫助下，我完成了這次的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)課題——濟(jì)南市高級(jí)技術(shù)學(xué)院辦公樓。</p><p>　　這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，我們土木工程專業(yè)的學(xué)生要完成該工程從初步設(shè)計(jì)到施工完成的整個(gè)過(guò)程，可以說(shuō)涉及知識(shí)面比較廣，比較全面！工程量也很大！</p><p

242、>　　在設(shè)計(jì)中，一方面要把所學(xué)的知識(shí)運(yùn)用到設(shè)計(jì)、施工中去，熟悉國(guó)家有關(guān)規(guī)范、條例和規(guī)程并知道如何去查找規(guī)范里的相關(guān)條文；另一方面，由于現(xiàn)代化建筑一般都具有密度大，高度高，功能多，設(shè)備復(fù)雜，裝修豪華，防火要求和管理自動(dòng)化水平高，需要各工種交叉配合。因此，通過(guò)這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，擴(kuò)大學(xué)生非本專業(yè)知識(shí)面也是十分重要的。</p><p>　　所以在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)中，我們不僅僅溫習(xí)了以前所學(xué)習(xí)的專業(yè)知識(shí)還學(xué)習(xí)到了很多新的知識(shí)

243、和實(shí)踐，讓我們?cè)谧詈蟮拇髮W(xué)時(shí)光里，更多的去體會(huì)一項(xiàng)工程的產(chǎn)生是多么具有價(jià)值和付出的。讓我們時(shí)刻提起努力的旗幟，去創(chuàng)造我們的成功。</p><p>　　由于畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)是一種初步的嘗試，涉及專業(yè)比較多，加上條件和水平所限，不可避免地存在疏漏與錯(cuò)誤，敬請(qǐng)土木學(xué)院資深專家、教師批評(píng)指正。</p><p>　　第一部分 建 筑 設(shè) 計(jì)</p><p><b>　　1設(shè)

244、 計(jì) 要 點(diǎn)</b></p><p>　　1.1.建筑平面設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　?。?）依據(jù)建筑功能要求，確定柱網(wǎng)的尺寸，然后，再逐一定出各房間的開間和進(jìn)深；</p><p>　?。?）根據(jù)交通、防火與疏散的要求，確定樓梯間的位置和尺寸；</p><p>　　（3）確定墻體所用的材料和厚度，以及門窗的型號(hào)與尺寸。</p&g

245、t;<p>　　1.2.建筑立面設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　（1）確定門窗的立面形式。門窗的立面形式一定要與立面整體效果相協(xié)調(diào)；</p><p>　?。?）與平面圖對(duì)照，核對(duì)雨水管、雨棚等的位置及做法；</p><p>　　（3）確定墻體立面裝飾材料做法、色彩以及分格藝術(shù)處理的詳細(xì)尺寸。</p><p>　　1.3.建筑剖面設(shè)計(jì)&

246、lt;/p><p>　?。?）分析建筑物空間組合情況，確定其最合適的剖切位置。一般要求剖到樓梯及有高低錯(cuò)落的部位；</p><p>　?。?）進(jìn)一步核實(shí)外墻窗臺(tái)、過(guò)梁、圈梁、樓板等在外墻高度上的關(guān)系，確定選用那種類型的窗臺(tái)、過(guò)梁、圈梁、樓板及其形狀和材料；</p><p>　?。?）根據(jù)平面圖計(jì)算確定的尺寸，核對(duì)樓梯在高度方向上的梯段的尺寸，確定平臺(tái)梁的尺寸。</

247、p><p><b>　　2 方 案 設(shè) 計(jì)</b></p><p>　　根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)的要求，本方案盡量追求完美,造型美觀大方、新穎，有辦公樓特色 ,方案可實(shí)施性較強(qiáng)。</p><p>　　2.1.建筑平面設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　平面上力求簡(jiǎn)單、規(guī)則、對(duì)稱，整個(gè)建筑平面為大體上為矩形結(jié)構(gòu)，既有利于自然采光和自然通風(fēng)，同時(shí)又有

248、利于抗震。整棟建筑為南北朝向，建筑物主入口的朝向?yàn)槟线叀?lt;/p><p>　　本工程為現(xiàn)澆混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)。在框架結(jié)構(gòu)的平面布置上，柱網(wǎng)是豎向承重構(gòu)件，柱網(wǎng)布置既要滿足建筑平面布置和使用功能的要求，又要使結(jié)構(gòu)受力合理，構(gòu)件種類少，施工方便。柱網(wǎng)布置還應(yīng)與建筑分隔墻布置互相協(xié)調(diào)，一般常將柱子設(shè)在縱橫建筑墻交叉點(diǎn)上，以盡量減少柱網(wǎng)對(duì)建筑使用功能的影響?？蚣芙Y(jié)構(gòu)常用的柱網(wǎng)布置方式有：內(nèi)廊式、外廊式、等跨式、不等跨式等。本

249、框架結(jié)構(gòu)采用兩跨等跨式柱網(wǎng)布置。建筑物的總長(zhǎng)為56.34米，總寬度為13.44米，其長(zhǎng)寬比滿足6度抗震設(shè)防區(qū)建筑物長(zhǎng)寬比不允許超過(guò)6.0的要求。</p><p>　　2.2.建筑立面設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　該辦公樓在建筑立面上門廳以上采用玻璃幕墻，有效的滿足室內(nèi)采光的要求，同時(shí)可以表現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)潔和現(xiàn)代感，還增加了立面的美觀效果。建筑立面和豎向剖面上力求規(guī)則，避免立面的凹進(jìn)或突出，使結(jié)構(gòu)的側(cè)向剛

250、度變化均勻，有利于結(jié)構(gòu)抗震。</p><p>　　2.3.建筑剖面設(shè)計(jì)</p><p>　　建筑物的剖面圖要反應(yīng)出建筑物在垂直方向上各部分的組合關(guān)系。剖面設(shè)計(jì)的主要任務(wù)是確定建筑物各部分應(yīng)有的高度、建筑物的層數(shù)及建筑空間的組合關(guān)系。在建筑物的層高上，該辦公樓的層高為一層3.9m，，其他各層為3.6m，室內(nèi)外高差為0.60m?？偨ㄖ叨葹?5.3m，滿足6度抗震設(shè)防烈度區(qū)建筑物高寬比不允許超

251、過(guò)4的要求。另外從室內(nèi)采光和通風(fēng)的角度考慮，窗臺(tái)的高度取1.0m。屋頂為平屋頂形式。</p><p>　　此設(shè)計(jì)滿足“適用、經(jīng)濟(jì)、美觀的總體要求，建筑平面簡(jiǎn)潔、明快、體現(xiàn)時(shí)代待征，結(jié)構(gòu)方案合理，體系選擇準(zhǔn)備、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、利于施工，裝飾簡(jiǎn)潔適用、經(jīng)濟(jì)。</p><p>　　3 建 筑 設(shè) 計(jì) 說(shuō) 明</p><p>　　本工程為濟(jì)南市高級(jí)技術(shù)學(xué)院辦公樓，該工程總面積約為

252、2862m2。該工程位于抗震設(shè)防烈度為6度的區(qū)域，設(shè)計(jì)基本地震加速度為0. 05g，設(shè)計(jì)地震分組為第二組，框架抗震等級(jí)為四級(jí)。</p><p>　　3.1.圖中標(biāo)注除有特別注明外，標(biāo)高以米計(jì)，尺寸以毫米計(jì)。</p><p>　　3.2.本圖根據(jù)任務(wù)書要求不考慮抗震。</p><p>　　房屋正常使用年限為50年。</p><p><b&

253、gt;　　3.3.放樣</b></p><p>　　以現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際為放樣依據(jù)。</p><p>　　4 建 筑 材 料 及 做 法</p><p><b>　　4.1.墻體工程</b></p><p>　　墻體采用240厚加氣混凝土砌塊。</p><p><b>　　4.2.門窗

254、</b></p><p>　　鋁合金門窗、塑鋼窗和木質(zhì)夾板門、木門。</p><p><b>　　4.3.樓地面做法</b></p><p>　　20mm厚1:3水泥沙漿找平層。</p><p>　　110mm厚砼現(xiàn)澆板。</p><p>　　20mm厚板底抹灰層。</p>

255、<p><b>　　4.4 散水做法</b></p><p>　　混凝土散水寬1000毫米。</p><p>　　4.5 水管及雨水口</p><p>　　屋面雨水口做法詳見圖集；水落管材料采用直徑為100PVC水落管。</p><p>　　4.6 挑出墻面的雨棚等構(gòu)件</p><p&g

256、t;　　凡未特別注明者，其上部粉刷1：2水泥砂漿，并找5%挑水坡。其下部粉刷1：2水泥砂漿15厚白色106涂料，并做30mm寬滴水線。</p><p>　　第二部分 結(jié) 構(gòu) 設(shè) 計(jì)</p><p><b>　　1 結(jié) 構(gòu) 方 案</b></p><p><b>　　1.1建筑結(jié)構(gòu)選型</b></p><

257、p>　　本工程是濟(jì)南市高級(jí)技術(shù)學(xué)院辦公樓，建筑面積為2862㎡，建筑結(jié)構(gòu)選型為鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu)。建筑結(jié)構(gòu)按材料分為砌體結(jié)構(gòu)，混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)等，各類結(jié)構(gòu)都有一定的適用范圍，應(yīng)根據(jù)材料性能、結(jié)構(gòu)形式、受力特點(diǎn)和結(jié)構(gòu)使用要求及施工條件等因素合理選擇。一般而言，無(wú)筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于建筑多層住宅、辦公樓、教學(xué)樓以及單層工業(yè)廠房；鋼結(jié)構(gòu)多用于建造超高層建筑以及有重型吊車，跨度大于36m或有特殊要求的廠房。其余情況可用鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)。本

258、工程用鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)即可。</p><p>　　1.2結(jié)構(gòu)布置及計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖</p><p><b>　　設(shè)計(jì)資料</b></p><p>　　建設(shè)地點(diǎn)：濟(jì)南市西北部，n=50；</p><p>　　基本風(fēng)壓：0.45；基本雪壓：0.3</p><p><b>　　地面粗糙類別：B類<

259、/b></p><p>　　地質(zhì)條件：地基承載力的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為200，不考慮地下水的作用</p><p>　　該地區(qū)的抗震設(shè)防烈度為6度，建筑安全等級(jí)Ⅱ級(jí)</p><p>　　柱網(wǎng)的平面布置如圖1.1，框架計(jì)算單元如圖1.2</p><p>　　圖1-1 結(jié)構(gòu)平面柱網(wǎng)布置圖</p><p>　　圖1-2 框架結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算

260、單元</p><p>　　1.3初步估計(jì)梁柱的截面尺寸</p><p>　　框架結(jié)構(gòu)沿縱橫兩個(gè)方向布置框架梁，縱向框架梁的跨度為6m，橫向框架梁的跨度為5.1m和2.1m，則板的跨度為5100mm、2100mm，可以按雙向板及單向板設(shè)計(jì)。為了滿足剛度，雙向板的厚度不應(yīng)小于跨度的1/50，所以按跨高比條件要求板厚h5100/50=102mm ，取板厚h=110mm。橫向框架梁的高度：應(yīng)滿足h

261、= =5100/15~5100/10=340~510mm,取h=500mm，截面寬度取b=250mm。</p><p>　　縱向框架梁：取h=500mm，截面寬度取為b=250mm。</p><p>　　次梁截面： 取h=400mm，b=200mm。</p><p>　　樓蓋結(jié)構(gòu)平面布置見圖1-3</p><p>　　圖1-3 樓蓋結(jié)構(gòu)平面

262、布置圖</p><p><b>　　1.4荷載統(tǒng)計(jì)</b></p><p><b>　　1.4.1恒荷載</b></p><p><b>　　樓面（17）</b></p><p>　　110mm厚現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土樓板 0.1

263、1×25=2.75</p><p>　　刷素水泥漿一道 </p><p>　　20mm厚1：2水泥砂漿找平層 0.025×20=0.5</p><p>　　3厚T910地磚膠結(jié)劑粘貼彩色釉面地瓷磚，水泥漿填縫 19.80×0.0

264、3=0.059</p><p>　　合計(jì) 3.21</p><p><b>　　屋面(28)</b></p><p>　　110mm厚現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土屋面板 0.11×25=2.75&

265、lt;/p><p>　　1：8水泥膨脹珍珠巖找坡2%最薄處40厚 ( 0.04+0.163)×7=0.711</p><p>　　100厚憎水水泥膨脹珍珠巖塊保溫層（密度） 0.1×2.5=0.25</p><p>　　30厚1：3水泥砂漿4@200雙向配筋，6×6分格 縫寬10</p>

266、<p>　　油膏嵌縫 0.03×20=0.6</p><p>　　3厚（一層）高聚物改性瀝青防水卷材防水層（SBS，APP） 0.05</p><p>　　滿涂膠粘劑一層 用量0.3-0.4%

267、 0.04</p><p>　　3厚（一層）高聚物改性瀝青防水卷材防水層（SBS，APP） 0.05</p><p>　　20厚1：3水泥砂漿抹平壓光1×1m分格 0.02×20=0.4</p><p>　　合計(jì)

268、 4.85</p><p><b>　　內(nèi)墻（8）</b></p><p>　　8厚1：3水泥砂漿打底掃光 0.008×20×2=0.32</p><p>　　8厚1：1：6水泥石灰膏砂漿掃光

269、 0.008×14×2=0.224</p><p>　　7厚1：0.3：3水泥石灰膏砂漿壓實(shí)抹光 0.007×14×2=0.196</p><p>　　240厚加氣混凝土砌塊 0.24×7.5=1.8</p><

270、;p>　　合計(jì) 2.54</p><p><b>　　外墻(34)</b></p><p>　　6厚1：3水泥砂漿打底掃光 0.006×20×2=0.24</p>&

271、lt;p>　　12厚1：0.2：2水泥石灰膏砂漿結(jié)合層 0.012×14×2=0.336</p><p>　　3厚T920瓷磚膠粘劑貼6-12厚面磚 0.5</p><p>　　240厚加氣混凝土砌塊

272、 0.24×7.5=1.8</p><p>　　合計(jì) 2.876</p><p><b>　　1.4.2活荷載</b></p><p><b>　　查荷載規(guī)范：</b></p>

273、;<p>　　辦公室樓面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值1.5（包括衛(wèi)生間）</p><p>　　走廊、門廳活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值2.0，樓梯活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值3.5</p><p>　　屋面活荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值1.5（上人屋面）</p><p><b>　　1.4.3風(fēng)荷載</b></p><p>　　風(fēng)壓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值計(jì)算公式為</p>&

274、lt;p>　　因結(jié)構(gòu)高度H=15.8<30，可取風(fēng)振系數(shù)，對(duì)于矩形平面風(fēng)荷載體型系數(shù)=1.3，可查荷載規(guī)范，（n=50，濟(jì)南市郊區(qū)）。</p><p>　　將風(fēng)荷載換算成作用于框架每層節(jié)節(jié)點(diǎn)上的集中荷載，計(jì)算過(guò)程如下表所示。表中Z為框架節(jié)點(diǎn)至室外地面的高度，A為一榀框架各節(jié)點(diǎn)的受風(fēng)面積。計(jì)算結(jié)果如下： </p><p>　　風(fēng)載下的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖見圖1-4</p>

275、<p>　　圖1-4 風(fēng)荷載作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)計(jì)算簡(jiǎn)圖（）</p><p><b>　　1.4.4雪荷載</b></p><p>　　雪荷載為0.3，準(zhǔn)永久分區(qū)II，雪荷載不與活荷載同時(shí)組合，取其中的最不利組合，本工程雪荷載較小，荷載組合時(shí)直接取活荷載組合，而不考慮與雪荷載的組合。</p><p><b>　　1.4.5地震作用&

276、lt;/b></p><p>　　本工程抗震設(shè)防烈度為6度（0.05g），設(shè)計(jì)地震分組為第二組，在計(jì)算中不考慮地震作用，僅從構(gòu)造上進(jìn)行考慮。</p><p><b>　　2 框 架 計(jì) 算</b></p><p>　　該框架柱網(wǎng)平面布置規(guī)則，故只需選擇中間位置的一榀框架進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算，對(duì)邊框架及其他位置框架，除荷載計(jì)算略有差別外，均可仿此進(jìn)