鋼結(jié)構(gòu)中英文翻譯

1、<p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展前景</p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅是十五期間我國(guó)將重點(diǎn)推廣的項(xiàng)目，其具有強(qiáng)度高、結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸小、自重輕、施工速度快，抗震性能好及工業(yè)化程度高的特點(diǎn)。本文首先介紹了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀及它的特點(diǎn)，然后對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展前景進(jìn)行了分析和展望。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵詞：鋼結(jié)構(gòu)，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅，發(fā)展前景 </p><p>　　1 鋼結(jié)

2、構(gòu)建筑及鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　1.1 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀</p><p>　　改革開放以來，我國(guó)的鋼產(chǎn)量有了很大的提高，特別是從1997年以后，我國(guó)的鋼產(chǎn)量突破1億噸，但我國(guó)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼量占總鋼產(chǎn)量的比例僅為3%左右，而在鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼量中，建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼量又僅占10%，這與我國(guó)作為產(chǎn)鋼大國(guó)的地位是很不相稱的，為此，國(guó)家外經(jīng)貿(mào)委會(huì)同冶金部制定了在建筑工程中推廣使用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的

3、一系列政策措施，鼓勵(lì)建筑工程采用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)形式，爭(zhēng)取在2010年建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的用量達(dá)到總鋼產(chǎn)量的6%。</p><p>　　2 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅相比傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)形式住宅的優(yōu)勢(shì)分析</p><p>　　2.1 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅結(jié)構(gòu)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)</p><p>　　2.1.1 能合理布置功能區(qū)間 </p><p>　　利用鋼材強(qiáng)度高的特點(diǎn)，設(shè)計(jì)可采用大開間布置

4、，使建筑平面能夠合理分隔，靈活方便，創(chuàng)造開放式住宅。而傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)（磚混結(jié)構(gòu)、砼結(jié)構(gòu)）由于材料性質(zhì)限制了空間布置的自由，如果開間過大，就會(huì)造成板厚、梁高、柱大，出現(xiàn)“肥梁胖柱”現(xiàn)象，不但影響美觀，而且自重增大，增加造價(jià)，購(gòu)房者在二次裝飾時(shí)，經(jīng)常由于自行改變墻體位置，增加隱患。</p><p>　　2.1.2 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅空間利用率高</p><p>　　在空間使用率上，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的斷面小，與鋼筋混凝

5、土結(jié)構(gòu)相比可增加建筑有效面積8%左右。在建筑風(fēng)格上，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑也更顯靈活豐富，戶內(nèi)空間可多方案分割，可以滿足不同用戶的需求。</p><p>　　2.1.3 自重輕、抗震性能好 </p><p>　　相同建筑面積的建筑樓層，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)自重輕，根據(jù)比較，六層輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的重量，僅相當(dāng)于四層磚混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的重量。而且鋼材具有延性，能比較好的消耗地震帶來的能量，所以抗震性能好，結(jié)構(gòu)安全度高。&l

6、t;/p><p>　　2.2 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅經(jīng)濟(jì)性優(yōu)勢(shì)</p><p>　　2.2.1 施工方便、工期短 </p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件，可以實(shí)行工廠化生產(chǎn)，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)安裝。由于現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作業(yè)量小，對(duì)周圍環(huán)境污染少，同時(shí)，施工機(jī)械化程度高，加快了施工速度。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，同樣面積建筑物，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)比砼結(jié)構(gòu)工期可縮短1/3，而且可節(jié)省支模材料。</p><p>　　

7、2.2.2 綜合造價(jià)低 </p><p>　　由于自重輕，基礎(chǔ)費(fèi)用降低，總體用料減少，直接成本降低，建設(shè)工期短，間接費(fèi)又可減少，所以綜合造價(jià)低。</p><p>　　2.2.3符合住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化和可持續(xù)發(fā)展的要求</p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)適宜工廠大批量生產(chǎn)，工業(yè)化程度高，并且能將節(jié)能、防水、隔熱、門窗等先進(jìn)成品集合于一體，成套應(yīng)用，將設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)、施工一體化，提高

8、住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化的水平。另外，鋼材報(bào)廢后可實(shí)現(xiàn)100％廢品再回收利用，所以稱“鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑”為“綠色建筑”毫不為過，它是適應(yīng)我們?nèi)祟惪沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的新型建筑形式。</p><p>　　3 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅發(fā)展阻力（頸瓶）分析</p><p>　　3.1 社會(huì)認(rèn)可度</p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展面臨的首要問題是整個(gè)社會(huì)對(duì)這種新住宅體系的接受需要一個(gè)過程。輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅

9、體系是在國(guó)外尤其是北美地區(qū)木結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展起來的，這兩種體系雖然在國(guó)外已經(jīng)十分成熟和完善，但是對(duì)于我國(guó)來說卻完全是新東西，因而各種困難幾乎無(wú)處不在。中國(guó)的消費(fèi)者由于長(zhǎng)期以來住慣了磚混或鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的住宅，從慢慢開始接受到逐步喜歡輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅，也需要一個(gè)漸進(jìn)的過程。</p><p>　　3.2發(fā)展鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅技術(shù)上還不夠成熟</p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)體系住宅成套技術(shù)，由于過去缺乏技

10、術(shù)引導(dǎo)，市場(chǎng)需求沒有達(dá)到產(chǎn)業(yè)化程度，因此，我國(guó)的相關(guān)產(chǎn)品功能性單一，工業(yè)化程度不高，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量還不能滿足住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。目前，該技術(shù)零散而不系統(tǒng)，技術(shù)水平及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參差不齊，不配套，需進(jìn)一步研究創(chuàng)新并進(jìn)行整合。此外，在建材和部品方面，目前建造輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)工程所需材料許多要從國(guó)外運(yùn)來，甚至有些由外商在中國(guó)大陸委托加工的部件，往往也只能到國(guó)外去采購(gòu)，在國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)上一時(shí)還找不到。這也制約了鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展和推廣。</p>&l

11、t;p>　　3.3 專業(yè)技術(shù)人才缺乏</p><p>　　在人員方面，由于國(guó)內(nèi)無(wú)論中等或是高等專業(yè)學(xué)校的教學(xué)內(nèi)容中均少涉及輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅體系，因此我國(guó)建筑類專業(yè)的工程技術(shù)人員對(duì)這一體系知之甚少，而更加缺乏的是熟練技術(shù)工人，所以雖然這一體系單純從技術(shù)層面上講并無(wú)多少難度，但真正推行起來卻往往缺乏得力的骨干。</p><p>　　3.4 工程造價(jià)問題</p><p&

12、gt;　　目前輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅在我國(guó)大陸的報(bào)價(jià)大約是同條件傳統(tǒng)混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的1.5倍左右，國(guó)內(nèi)消費(fèi)者近期還難以接受。然而這種價(jià)格在國(guó)外比起其它結(jié)構(gòu)形式住宅的造價(jià)來說，卻具有很強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力，這也就是為什么輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅體系在國(guó)外能夠蓬勃發(fā)展的原因。任何新技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展都是與所處社會(huì)的技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)背景相聯(lián)系、相適應(yīng)的，目前美、日、歐等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和地區(qū)，人均GDP約為我國(guó)的40至50倍，勞動(dòng)力價(jià)格約為我國(guó)的20至30倍，因此，符合產(chǎn)業(yè)化生產(chǎn)方式的輕鋼結(jié)

13、構(gòu)住宅在發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家遠(yuǎn)比我國(guó)更易被市場(chǎng)接受。而我國(guó)由于科技和生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展水平較低，勞動(dòng)力價(jià)格便宜，盡管輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的性能和舒適度較高，但其對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)建筑形式住宅的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)反倒不夠明顯。因而市場(chǎng)接受起來比較緩慢。 </p><p>　　3.5缺乏有針對(duì)性的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅規(guī)范及相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)</p><p>　　我國(guó)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范是針對(duì)幾十年來大量使用的結(jié)構(gòu)體系編制的，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅體系此前在我國(guó)屬于技術(shù)空白，所以不

14、能滿足我國(guó)現(xiàn)行強(qiáng)制性規(guī)范的某些條文。例如我國(guó)建國(guó)以后建造的建筑物多采用磚石和鋼筋混凝土等耐火性能好的建筑材料，由此導(dǎo)致我國(guó)的《建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》在材料選用方面似乎較國(guó)外苛刻，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅難以滿足其要求。這種與國(guó)內(nèi)規(guī)范不銜接的狀況，使輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅項(xiàng)目無(wú)論在工程報(bào)建階段還是在工程驗(yàn)收階段，都會(huì)遇到數(shù)不盡的障礙與麻煩。</p><p>　　3.6 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅本身缺陷</p><p>　　鋼結(jié)構(gòu)

15、防火能力差。經(jīng)過防火處理的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的耐火時(shí)間也只有2～3個(gè)小時(shí)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)遜色于磚石和鋼筋混凝土等耐火性能好的建筑材料。</p><p>　　3.7缺乏相適應(yīng)的建筑管理模式</p><p>　　在建筑管理方面，我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的建筑管理模式與輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅這種工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)方式也不適應(yīng)，我國(guó)加入WTO以后，國(guó)外許多住宅生產(chǎn)企業(yè)希望進(jìn)入中國(guó)大陸市場(chǎng)，但是他們搞不清自己來到中國(guó)后應(yīng)當(dāng)申領(lǐng)什么資質(zhì)，屬于什么身份-

16、-設(shè)計(jì)單位？施工單位？集成商？還是制造商？</p><p>　　4 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅發(fā)展前景展望</p><p>　　按發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的最低水平推算，我國(guó)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼量至少有3600萬(wàn)噸的發(fā)展空間。在近期內(nèi)，國(guó)家將大力發(fā)展鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，力爭(zhēng)每年建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼將占全國(guó)鋼材總產(chǎn)量的3％以上，年均鋼材消費(fèi)量為350萬(wàn)噸至400萬(wàn)噸；到2015年，將再翻一番，全國(guó)建筑鋼結(jié)構(gòu)用鋼材占鋼材總產(chǎn)量的6％以上，由此可見

17、，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅市場(chǎng)前景十分廣闊。</p><p>　　4.1 適合建筑用的特種鋼將不斷涌現(xiàn)</p><p>　　隨著我國(guó)鋼鐵企業(yè)冶煉技術(shù)的提高，為適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的需求，適合建筑用的特種鋼必將不斷的涌現(xiàn)，例如寶鋼、武鋼等鋼鐵企業(yè)成功開發(fā)的耐火耐候鋼，它是通過合適的技術(shù)，使鋼材含有特定的成分（如加鉬等），使鋼材的表觀結(jié)構(gòu)及金相組織發(fā)生變化，從而使鋼材本身生成所需的耐火性和耐候性。多種新型建筑用鋼的出現(xiàn)

18、將大力推動(dòng)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的發(fā)展。</p><p>　　4.2 國(guó)家將重點(diǎn)支持輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的建設(shè)</p><p>　　輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅建設(shè)在我國(guó)才剛剛涉入，我國(guó)現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)產(chǎn)鋼大國(guó)，年產(chǎn)量3億多噸，發(fā)展鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅有很大的潛力。上世紀(jì)90年代，國(guó)家建設(shè)部和國(guó)家經(jīng)貿(mào)委一致通過，將“輕型鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅建筑通用體系的開發(fā)和應(yīng)用”作為我國(guó)建筑業(yè)用鋼的突破點(diǎn)，并正式列入國(guó)家重點(diǎn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新項(xiàng)目。這一舉措為我國(guó)的鋼結(jié)構(gòu)

19、發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。如今，由于國(guó)家的宏觀調(diào)控作用，房市出現(xiàn)了前所未有的低迷，在這個(gè)時(shí)機(jī)推出鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅，利用鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的優(yōu)勢(shì)來吸引市民目光，刺激消費(fèi)，增加市場(chǎng)的購(gòu)買力，有著事半功倍的作用?，F(xiàn)在發(fā)展輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅正逢其時(shí)。</p><p>　　4.3 鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅建筑技術(shù)將不斷發(fā)展</p><p>　　隨著鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑的發(fā)展，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅建筑技術(shù)也必將不斷的成熟，大量的適合鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的新材料也將不斷的涌

20、現(xiàn)，同時(shí)，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)行業(yè)建筑規(guī)范、建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也將隨之逐漸完善。相信不久的將來，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅必然會(huì)給住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)和建筑行業(yè)帶來了一場(chǎng)深層次的革命。</p><p>　　4.4發(fā)展鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅是我國(guó)住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化的必由之路</p><p>　　住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化是我國(guó)住宅業(yè)發(fā)展的必由之路，因?yàn)檫@將成為推動(dòng)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅體系易于實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)化生產(chǎn)，標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化制作，而與之相配套的墻體材料可以采用節(jié)能、環(huán)保的新

21、型材料，它屬綠色環(huán)保性建筑，可再生重復(fù)利用，符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略，因此鋼結(jié)構(gòu)體系住宅成套技術(shù)的研究成果必將大大促進(jìn)住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展，直接影響著我國(guó)住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展水平和前途。 </p><p><b>　　5 結(jié)論</b></p><p>　　如果說鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展使施工從手工進(jìn)入了機(jī)械化，那么鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用就將使住宅施工實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅將成為建筑現(xiàn)代化發(fā)

22、展的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)志。 “鋼結(jié)構(gòu)是環(huán)保住宅，鋼結(jié)構(gòu)符合可持續(xù)發(fā)展概念”——21世紀(jì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)將占領(lǐng)廣闊的建筑市場(chǎng)。在我國(guó)目前大力推廣住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化的時(shí)代背景下,鋼結(jié)構(gòu)體系必將成為住宅結(jié)構(gòu)體系的主流。 </p><p><b>　　英文翻譯</b></p><p>　　Steel structure house </

23、p><p>　　During the 15 projects in China steel housing is will focus on the promotion of its high strength, structure, small size, light weight, construction speed, seismic performance and the characteristics of

24、 a high degree of industrialization. This paper describes the development of steel housing situation and its characteristics, then the future development of residential steel analysis and outlook.</p><p>　　K

25、ey words: steel, steel housing, development prospects</p><p>　　A steel construction and steel residential status</p><p>　　1.1 Development of steel building</p><p>　　Since the reform

26、 and opening up, China's steel production has been greatly improved, especially after 1997, China's steel production exceeded 100 million tons, but China's steel steel ratio of total steel production is only

27、about 3% , and in the amount of steel in the steel, construction steel structure steel volume is only 10% of steel production in China as a great power status is not commensurate, this, the State Economic and Trade Commi

28、ssion in conjunction with the Ministry of Metallurgy has</p><p>　　2 Residential Steel structure compared to traditional advantages of home</p><p>　　2.1 The advantages of steel residential struct

29、ure</p><p>　　2.1.1 The layout features a reasonable interval to</p><p>　　Using the characteristics of high strength steel, the design layout of large bays can be used to separate the constructio

30、n plane to a reasonable, flexible and easy to create an open house. The traditional structure (brick, concrete structure) because of material property limits the spatial arrangement of the free, if the bay is too large,

31、will result in thickness, high beam, column major, a "fat fat beam column", not only affect the appearance and weight increase, increased costs, home buyers in</p><p>　　2.1.2 Steel high utilization

32、 rate of residential space</p><p>　　In the space usage on a small section steel, and construction of reinforced concrete structures can increase the effective area compared to 8%. In the architectural style,

33、 the steel structure also is more flexible and rich in indoor spaces can be divided over the program to meet the needs of different users.</p><p>　　2.1.3 light weight, good seismic performance</p><

34、;p>　　Building floor area of the same building, steel structure, light weight, according to comparison, six light weight steel structure house, brick house is only equivalent to the weight of four. And steel, ductile,

35、better able to consume the energy of the earthquake, the seismic performance, structural safety is high.</p><p>　　2.2 The economic advantages of residential steel</p><p>　　2.2.1 Construction, sh

36、ort time limit</p><p>　　Steel structures, factory production can be implemented, on-site installation. Because a small amount of field operations, the surrounding environmental pollution at the same time, co

37、nstruction of the high degree of mechanization, speed up the construction pace. According to statistics, the same area of the building, steel structure, concrete structure construction period can be shortened more than 1

38、 / 3, and can save formwork materials.</p><p>　　2.2.2 Integrated low cost</p><p>　　As the light weight, lower cost basis, the overall material reduction in direct costs, short construction perio

39、d, and reduce indirect costs, so an integrated low cost.</p><p>　　2.2.3 meet the housing industry and the requirements of sustainable development</p><p>　　Steel suitable for mass production fact

40、ories, the high degree of industrialization, and is able energy saving, waterproof, heat insulation, doors, windows and other advanced product set in one, complete applications, will design, manufacture, construction and

41、 integration, improve the housing industry level.</p><p>　　In addition, steel scrap would be achieved in 100% of waste recycled, so called "steel building" as a "green building" is not to

42、o much, it is to adapt our strategy of sustainable human development of new architectural forms.</p><p>　　3 steel residential development resistance (neck bottle) analysis</p><p>　　3.1 Social ac

43、ceptance</p><p>　　Steel housing is the major problem facing the development of society as a whole to accept the new housing system needs a process. Light steel housing system is in a foreign country, especia

44、lly in North America timber structure Jichu developed on which two kinds of system, while in foreign countries has been very matured and improved, but for our country is totally a new thing, Yinergezhong difficulties alm

45、ost everywhere. As Chinese consumers have long used to the brick or reinforced concrete str</p><p>　　3.2 rise steel technologies are not mature</p><p>　　Complete steel structure system of reside

46、ntial technology, the past lack of technical guidance, market demand did not meet the level of industry, Thus, our functional single-related products, low level of industrialization, product quality can not meet the requ

47、irements of domestic industry Hua standards. Currently, the technology rather than fragmented systems, varying skill levels and standards, not complete, but needs further research and innovation and integration.</p>

48、;<p>　　In addition, building materials and parts, the current pilot project will require the construction of light steel structure in many materials shipped from abroad, and even some foreign investors in mainland

49、 China, commissioned by the processing of parts, often can only go abroad to purchase, in the domestic market Can not find a time. This also restricts the development and promotion of domestic steel.</p><p>

50、　　3.3 Lack of professional and technical personnel </p><p>　　In terms of personnel, the domestic secondary or higher professional schools, regardless of the teaching contents are less involved in light steel

51、 structure house, so my architectural professional engineers know little about this system, but more the lack of a skilled workers, so although the system is not purely a technical level, how much difficulty, but the rea

52、l lack of effective implementation of them is often the backbone.</p><p>　　3.4 Cost issues</p><p>　　Light steel structure housing the current offer in the mainland of China is about the traditio

53、nal concrete structure with conditions 1.5 times residential, domestic consumers in the near term unacceptable. However, this price structure in foreign countries other than the cost of housing is, it is highly competiti

54、ve, which is why the light steel structure house abroad, the reason can flourish. Any new technology and the emergence and development of both technical and economic context in which soc</p><p>　　Meet the in

55、dustrial production of light steel structure house than in developed countries more easily accepted by the market in China. In China, the development in technology and low productivity, low labor costs, despite the light

56、 steel structure residential high performance and comfort, but for the traditional forms of residential building competitive advantage Fandao visibility. Therefore market acceptance up slow.</p><p>　　3.5 lac

57、k of targeted domestic norms and the corresponding standard steel</p><p>　　Our standards are widely used for decades prepared the structural system, light steel structure house had a technical gap in China,

58、so China can not meet certain provisions of the existing mandatory standard. For example, the construction of buildings in China after the founding of masonry and reinforced concrete multi-use properties such as good fir

59、e-resistant construction materials, which led to China's "architectural design code for fire protection" in the material selection appears to be mor</p><p>　　Will encounter countless obstacles

60、and troubles.</p><p>　　3.6 defects steel housing itself</p><p>　　Fireproof poor. After the fire resistance of steel structure fire treatment time is only 2 to 3 hours, far less than that of rein

61、forced concrete masonry and construction materials such as good fire resistance.</p><p>　　3.7 The lack of suitable construction management</p><p>　　In the construction management aspects, China&

62、#39;s current building management mode and light steel structure housing this industrialization Shengchan methods are not adapt to China's accession to WTO since many foreign domestic manufacturers were seeking to en

63、ter the China market, but they did not know that their Laidao China What qualifications should apply for after, are in what capacity - Design unit? Construction unit? Integrators? Or the manufacturer?</p><p>

64、;　　4 Prospect Steel Residential</p><p>　　Calculated according to the lowest level in developed countries, China's steel capacity at least 36 million tons of steel for development. In the near future, th

65、e state will develop steel construction, steel structure of steel per year and strive to account for the national steel output more than 3% average annual steel consumption of 3.5 to 4 million tons; to 2015, we will go d

66、ouble the national construction of steel structure steel accounted for more than 6% of the total output of steel, we ca</p><p>　　4.1 for construction of special steel will continue to emerge</p><p

67、>　　As China's iron and steel smelting technology to improve, to meet the market demand for special steel used in construction will continue to emerge, such as Baosteel, Wuhan Iron and steel companies such as the s

68、uccessful development of fire-resistant weathering steel, it is through appropriate technology to steel containing specific components (such as the Mo, etc.), so that the apparent steel structure and microstructure chang

69、es, so that steel itself generate the necessary fire resistance and we</p><p>　　4.2 The State will focus on supporting the construction of light steel structure house</p><p>　　Light steel struct

70、ure residential construction in China just involvement, China is now a steel-producing countries, annual output more than 300 million tons, steel residential development has great potential. 90's of last century, the

71、 State Ministry of Construction and the State Economic and Trade Commission unanimously adopted the "universal system of light steel structure residential building development and application" as the breakthrou

72、gh point of the steel construction industry in China, an</p><p>　　The advantages of using steel housing to attract public attention, stimulating consumption and increasing the purchasing power of the market,

73、 with a multiplier effect. The development of light steel structure house now great time.</p><p>　　4.3 Steel residential construction will continue to develop technology</p><p>　　With the develo

74、pment of steel construction, steel residential construction technology will surely continue to mature, a lot of new material for steel structure housing will continue to emerge at the same time, steel industry, building

75、codes, building standards will be followed Zhu Jian perfect. I believe in the near future, the steel structure is bound to the housing industry and residential construction industry has brought a deeper revolution.</p

76、><p>　　4.4 rise steel is the only way for China's housing industry</p><p>　　Housing industry is the only way for China's housing industry, which will be promoting the economic development o

77、f new growth. Steel housing is easy to implement industrial production, standardized production, but with the wall material can be matched with energy saving, environmental protection, new materials, which are green envi

78、ronmental protection building, renewable re-use, consistent with sustainable development strategies, therefore Complete steel structure system technology research hous</p><p>　　5 Conclusion</p><p&

79、gt;　　If the structure of the development of reinforced concrete construction from the hand into a mechanized, then the application of steel structure will allow residential construction on modernization, construction ste

80、el structure housing will be an important indicator of modernization.</p><p>　　"Steel is a green house, steel structure consistent with the concept of sustainable development" - the 21st century wi