電壓控制振蕩電路設(shè)計(jì)與仿真外文翻譯

1、<p>　　畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）外文翻譯</p><p>　?。?009—2013年）</p><p>　　摘要: 振蕩器廣泛應(yīng)用于各行各業(yè)中，例如在無(wú)線(xiàn)電測(cè)量?jī)x器中，它產(chǎn)生各種頻段的正弦信號(hào)電壓:在熱加工、熱處理、超聲波加工和某些醫(yī)療設(shè)備中，它產(chǎn)生大功率的高頻電能對(duì)負(fù)載加熱；某些電氣設(shè)備用振蕩器做成的無(wú)觸點(diǎn)開(kāi)關(guān)進(jìn)行控制；電子鐘和電子手表中采用頻率穩(wěn)定度很高的振蕩電路作為定時(shí)部件等。

2、在通信系統(tǒng)電路中，壓控振蕩器(VCO)是其關(guān)鍵部件，特別是在鎖相環(huán)電路、時(shí)鐘恢復(fù)電路和頻率綜合器電路等電路中更是重中之重，可以毫不夸張地說(shuō)在電子通信技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，VCO壓控振蕩器幾乎與電流源電路和運(yùn)放電路具有同等重要的地位。</p><p>　　壓控振蕩器（VCO）的類(lèi)型有LC壓控振蕩器、RC壓控振蕩器和晶體壓控振蕩器。對(duì)壓控振蕩器的技術(shù)要求主要有：頻率穩(wěn)定度好，控制靈敏度高，調(diào)頻范圍寬，頻偏與控制電壓成線(xiàn)性關(guān)系并宜

3、于集成等。晶體壓控振蕩器的頻率穩(wěn)定度高，但調(diào)頻范圍窄；RC壓控振蕩器的頻率穩(wěn)定度低而調(diào)頻范圍寬，LC壓控振蕩器居二者之間。</p><p>　　電壓控制LC振蕩器在任何一種LC振蕩器電路中都是將壓控可變電抗元件插入振蕩回路中，本設(shè)計(jì)中采用變?nèi)荻O管作為壓控可變點(diǎn)抗元件，這樣就可形成LC壓控振蕩器。早期的壓控可變電抗元件是電抗管，后來(lái)大都使用了變?nèi)荻O管。在微波頻段，用反射極電壓控制頻率的反射速調(diào)管振蕩器和用陽(yáng)極電

4、壓控制頻率的磁控管振蕩器等也都屬于壓控振蕩器的性質(zhì)。</p><p>　　在通信技術(shù)、測(cè)量技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)等各種領(lǐng)域中，常常要用到精度比較高，頻率穩(wěn)定度高且方便可調(diào)的信號(hào)源，電壓控制振蕩器是如今使用非常廣泛的一類(lèi)電子器件，為電—光轉(zhuǎn)換電路、移動(dòng)式手持設(shè)備等提供了很好的解決方案。</p><p>　　關(guān)鍵字：VCO壓控振蕩器、LC壓控振蕩器、RC壓控振蕩器、晶體壓控振蕩器</p>

5、<p><b>　　壓控振蕩器</b></p><p>　　在各種振蕩電路中，LC振蕩電路是比較常見(jiàn)的一種。常用的LC振蕩器有以下幾種：</p><p>　　一：采用互感耦合振蕩器形式。調(diào)基電路振蕩頻率在較寬的范圍改變時(shí)，振幅比較穩(wěn)定。調(diào)發(fā)電路只能解決起始振蕩條件和振蕩頻率的問(wèn)題，不能決定振幅的大小。調(diào)集電路在高頻輸出方面比其他兩種電路穩(wěn)定，幅度較大諧波

6、成分比較小?；ジ旭詈险袷幤髟谡{(diào)整反饋（改變耦合系數(shù)）時(shí)，基本上不影響振蕩頻率。但由于分布電容存在，在頻率較高時(shí)，難于做出穩(wěn)定性高的變壓器，而且靈活性較差。一般應(yīng)用于中、短波波段。</p><p>　　二：采用電感三點(diǎn)式振蕩。由于兩個(gè)電感之間有互感存在，所以很容易起振。另外，改變諧振回路的電容，可方便地調(diào)節(jié)振蕩頻率，由于反饋信號(hào)取自電感兩端壓降，而電感對(duì)高次諧波呈現(xiàn)高阻抗，故不能抑制高次諧波的反饋，因此振蕩器輸出信

7、號(hào)中的高次諧波成分較大，信號(hào)波形較差。</p><p>　　三：采用電容三點(diǎn)式振蕩器。電容三點(diǎn)式振蕩電路的基極和發(fā)射極之間接有電容，反饋信號(hào)取自電容兩端，它對(duì)諧波的阻抗很小，諧波電壓小，因而使集電極電路電流中的諧波分量和回路的諧波電壓都較小。反饋信號(hào)取自電容兩端，由于電容對(duì)高次諧波呈現(xiàn)較小的容抗，因而反饋信號(hào)中高次諧波分量小，故振蕩輸出波形好，而且電容三點(diǎn)式振蕩器的頻率穩(wěn)定，適于較高工作頻率。</p>

8、<p>　　四：集成電路振蕩器。采用壓控振蕩器芯片MC1648和變?nèi)荻O管MV209，外接一個(gè)LC振蕩回路構(gòu)成變?nèi)荻O管壓控振蕩器。只需要調(diào)節(jié)變?nèi)荻O管兩端的電壓，即可改變MC1648的輸出頻率。由于采用了集成芯片，電路設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單，系統(tǒng)可靠性高，并且利用鎖相環(huán)頻率合成技術(shù)可以使輸出頻率穩(wěn)定度進(jìn)一步提高。</p><p><b>　　RC壓控振蕩器</b></p>&

9、lt;p>　　RC壓控振蕩器的頻率穩(wěn)定度低而調(diào)頻范圍寬，RC壓控振蕩器 　在單片集成電路中常用RC壓控多諧振蕩器</p><p><b>　　晶體壓控振蕩器</b></p><p>　　在用石英晶體穩(wěn)頻的振蕩器中，把變?nèi)荻O管和石英晶體相串接，就可形成晶體壓控振蕩器。為了擴(kuò)大調(diào)頻范圍，石英晶體可用AT切割和取用其基頻率的石英晶體，在電路上還可采用展寬調(diào)頻范圍的變

10、換網(wǎng)絡(luò)。</p><p>　　在微波頻段，用反射極電壓控制頻率的反射速調(diào)管振蕩器和用陽(yáng)極電壓控制頻率的磁控管振蕩器等也都屬于壓控振蕩器的性質(zhì)。壓控振蕩器的應(yīng)用范圍很廣。集成化是重要的發(fā)展方向。石英晶體壓控振蕩器中頻率穩(wěn)定度和調(diào)頻范圍之間的矛盾也有待于解決。隨著深空通信的發(fā)展，將需要內(nèi)部噪聲電平極低的壓控振蕩器。</p><p>　　Abstract: oscillator is widel

11、y applied in all walks of life, such as in radio measuring instruments, it produces a variety of frequencies of sine signal voltage: during hot working, heat treatment, ultrasonic processing, and some medical devices, it

12、 produces high frequency electric energy of power on heating load; Some electrical equipment made of contactless switch to control the oscillator; Electronic clock and electronic watches using high frequency stability of

13、 the oscillating circuit as tim</p><p>　　Voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) type of LC VCO, RC voltage-controlled voltage controlled oscillator and crystal oscillator. Technical requirements of the voltage-

14、controlled oscillator are: good frequency stability, control of high sensitivity, wide range of frequency modulation, voltage deviation and control into linear relations conducive to integration, etc. Voltage controlled

15、crystal oscillator frequency stability is high, but the frequency range is narrow; RC voltage-controlled oscillato</p><p>　　Voltage control in any LC oscillator in a LC oscillator circuit are the voltage con

16、trolled variable reactance inserted element in the oscillation circuit, this design USES the varactor diode as a voltage controlled variable point of component, so that it can form LC voltage-controlled oscillator. Early

17、 voltage-controlled element variable reactance is the reactance tube, then mostly use the varactor. At microwave frequencies, with reflector voltage control reflex klystron oscillator frequency wit</p><p>　　

18、In communication technology, measurement technology, computer technology and other areas, often have to use precision is high, high frequency stability and convenient adjustable signal source, voltage controlled oscillat

19、or is now very widely used class of electronic devices for the electric - light switch circuit, mobile handheld devices, etc. Provides a good solution.</p><p>　　Key word: VCO voltage controlled oscillator, L

20、C VCO, RC, voltage controlled crystal oscillator VCO</p><p>　　1、the LC voltage-controlled oscillator</p><p>　　Among various kinds of oscillation circuit, LC oscillation circuit is one of the mor

21、e common. Commonly used LC oscillator has the following kinds:</p><p>　　1: in the form of mutual inductance coupling oscillator. Adjustable base circuit oscillation frequency in a wider scope of changes, the

22、 amplitude is stable. Adjustable power road can only solve the problem of starting oscillation condition and the oscillation frequency, can't determine the size of the amplitude. Assemble circuit than the other two i

23、n terms of high frequency output circuit is stable, the larger harmonic component is small. The mutual inductance coupling oscillator in adjusting fe</p><p>　　2: the inductance three-point oscillator. Becaus

24、e there is a mutual inductance between two inductors, so it's easy to start up. In addition, the change of resonance loop capacitor, it can conveniently adjust the oscillation frequency, due to the feedback signal fr

25、om the pressure drop on both ends of the inductance, the inductance of high order harmonic presents high impedance, so can't feedback to restrain high harmonic, so the oscillator output signal of higher harmonic comp

26、onent is bigger, the</p><p>　　3: the capacitor three-point oscillator. Capacitor three-point oscillator circuit of the base and the emitter of the indirect condenser, the feedback signal from the capacitance

27、 at both ends, it is of the harmonic impedance is very small, small harmonic voltage, thus making the collector current harmonic component and harmonic voltage of the circuit in the circuit is smaller. On both ends of th

28、e feedback signal from the capacitance, due to the capacitance of higher harmonic present small capacit</p><p>　　4: integrated circuit oscillator. Using voltage-controlled oscillator chip MC1648 and varactor

29、 MV209, external a LC oscillation circuit of varactor vco. Only need to adjust the voltage at the ends of the varactor diode, can change the output frequency MC1648. The adoption of integrated chip, simple circuit design

30、, high system reliability, and phase-locked loop frequency synthesis technique can be used to make the output frequency stability is further improved.</p><p>　　2、the RC voltage-controlled oscillator</p>

31、;<p>　　RC voltage-controlled oscillator's frequency stability is low and wide range of frequency modulation, the RC voltage-controlled oscillator in the monolithic integrated circuit is commonly used in RC vol

32、tage controlled multivibrator</p><p>　　3、voltage controlled crystal oscillator</p><p>　　In a quartz crystal oscillator frequency stabilization, the varactor diode and concatenated quartz crystal

33、 phase, can form a voltage controlled crystal oscillator. In order to expand the range of frequency modulation, available AT cut quartz crystal and access the base frequency of quartz crystal, the circuit can also by bro

34、adening the scope of the FM transformation network.</p><p>　　At microwave frequencies, with reflector voltage control reflex klystron oscillator frequency with the anode voltage control frequency magnetron o

35、scillator and so on also belong to the nature of the voltage-controlled oscillator. Voltage-controlled oscillator application range is very wide. Integration is an important development direction. Quartz crystal voltage-