機械外文翻譯---數(shù)控機床開環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)

1、<p><b>　　英文文獻翻譯：</b></p><p><b>　　原文：</b></p><p>　　The open system merit of Computer Numerical Control</p><p>　　The open system merit is the system simpl

2、e, the cost low, but the shortcoming is the precision is low. The reverse gap, the guide screw pitch error, stop inferiorly can affect the pointing accuracy by mistake. Following several kind of improvements measure may

3、cause the pointing accuracy distinct improvement.</p><p>　　reverse gap error compensates</p><p>　　The numerical control engine bed processing cutting tool and the work piece relative motion is d

4、epends upon the drive impetus gear,the guide screw rotation, thus the impetus work floor and so on moves the part to produce moves realizes. As traditional part gear, guide screw although the manufacture precision is ver

5、y high, but always unavoidably has the gap. As a result of this kind of gap existence, when movement direction change, starts the section time to be able to cause inevitably actuates t</p><p>　　2. often the

6、value systematic characteristic position error compensates</p><p>　　A kind of storehouse by transfers for the designer. Like this in the components design stage, the designer only must input the characterist

7、ic the parameter, the system direct production characteristic example model: We must save the related characteristic class in the database the structure information, the database table collection are use in saving this p

8、art of related information. According to the characteristic type definition need, we defined the characteristic class code table, the charact</p><p>　　The calibration corrections stores the computer, when wo

9、rk table by zero displacement in position, installs sends out the absolute zero point localization signal in the absolute zero point micros witch, later computer as necessary will send out the goal to compensate to compe

10、nsate the signal, will carry on the position error to the engine bed to compensate. The cosine generator assigns slide guage initiation signal a electricity and by step of transmission.</p><p>　　3. feedbacks

11、 compensates the open-loop control</p><p>　　Chart 2 has produced this kind of system schematic diagram. This system surveys two parts by the open-loop control and the induction synchromesh direct position to

12、 be composed. Here position examination does not serve as the position the feedback, but is compensates the feedback as the position error. Its cardinal principle is: Installs the instruction pulse by the engine bed nume

13、rical control which CNC sends out, on the one hand the supplies open system, the control step-by-steps the electrical</p><p>　　4. conclusions</p><p>　　Under the CIMS environment the technology w

14、hich develops unceasingly based on characteristic components information modeling, how enhances the components order of complexity which the characteristic design can complete; How causes question and so on request which

15、 the characteristic design adoption trick recognition, the characteristic semantics transforms also to wait for the people to solve. This article introduced the characteristic technology in the components information mod

16、eling application</p><p>　　Reference:</p><p>　　[1].Zhang Huashu under. parallel environment based on characteristic components definition model [J]. mechanical science with technology, 1,999, 18

17、 (1): 14l 144.</p><p>　　[2].forest morning star, Du full text, Xu Jianxin. characteristic and (',M)/CAPP/CAM integrative system [J]. the computer-aided design and makes, 1998, 28 (5): 5155.</p>&l

18、t;p>　　[3].Zeng Hui E, Zhou Qingzhong. studied J based on the characteristic mechanical product modelling ]. the machinery to suppose Counts with the manufacture [ the regulation, 1,999, 28 (2): 12 ~ l4.</p><

19、;p><b>　　譯文：</b></p><p>　　數(shù)控機床開環(huán)控制伺服系統(tǒng)</p><p>　　開環(huán)系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)點是系統(tǒng)簡單、成本低，但缺點是精度不高。反向間隙、絲杠螺距誤差、起停誤差等都會影響定位精度。下面幾種改進措施可以使定位精度明顯改善。</p><p>　　1 反向間隙誤差補償</p><p>　　數(shù)控機床

20、加工刀具與工件的相對運動是依靠驅動裝置帶動齒輪、絲杠轉動，從而推動工作臺面等移動部件產(chǎn)生位移來實現(xiàn)的。作為傳統(tǒng)元件的齒輪、絲杠盡管制造精度很高，但總免不了存在間隙。由于這種間隙存在，當運動的方向改變時，開始段時間必然會引起驅動元件的空走，出現(xiàn)指令脈沖推不動執(zhí)行元件的局面。這就影響了機床的加工精度，即指令脈沖與實際進給步數(shù)不相符合，產(chǎn)生加工誤差 因此，開環(huán)數(shù)控系統(tǒng)一般都設置有反向間隙誤差補償功能，用以補足空走的步數(shù)反向間隙差補償就是首先實

21、測反向進給的誤差，把它折算成脈沖當量數(shù)，作為間隙補償子程序的輸出量，當計算機判斷出現(xiàn)的指令為反向運動時，隨即調(diào)用間隙補償子程序，通過輸出補償脈沖消除反向間隙后再進行正常的插補運行。</p><p>　　2 常值系統(tǒng)性定位誤差補償</p><p>　　類庫以供設計者調(diào)用。這樣在零件的設計階段，設計者只需輸入特征的參數(shù)，系統(tǒng)直接生成特征的實例模型：在數(shù)據(jù)庫中我們必須存儲相關的特征類的結構信息，

22、數(shù)據(jù)庫表集就是用于存儲這一部分的相關信息。根據(jù)特征類型定義的需要，我們定義了特征類編碼表、特征類版本信息表表示特征類型；定義了特征類構造表表達特征類的結構；并通過零件特征配置表與零件的特征層信息聯(lián)系起來。特征層數(shù)據(jù)表集是本零件模型數(shù)據(jù)庫設計的核心，記錄了特征實例模型的設計、工藝等信息。特征構造表記錄了特征的幾何結構；特征尺寸表、特征形位公差表、特征表面粗糙度表記錄了特征的工程語義引用；尺寸表、形位公差表、表面粗糙度表存儲了所有零件特征的

23、數(shù)據(jù)信息。在特征層，利用特征ID、幾何要素ID、尺寸ID、公差ID、粗糙度ID等主鍵進行數(shù)據(jù)檢索。我們將該零件信息模型的數(shù)據(jù)庫應用于工廠環(huán)境下某型組件的CAD AM 集成系統(tǒng)中，較好地實現(xiàn)了CAD與CAPP的特征信息共享。在該系統(tǒng)中主要使用現(xiàn)成的CAD／CAM 軟件(Unigraphics 1I)進行產(chǎn)品設計和NC編程，并通過對該軟件進行二次開發(fā)獲取零件的尺寸信息；同時利用自行開發(fā)的對話窗體，讓設計人員交互輸入其它</p>

24、<p>　　3 反饋補償開環(huán)控制</p><p>　　該系統(tǒng)由開環(huán)控制和感應同步器直接位置測量兩個部分組成。這里的位置檢測不用作位置的反饋，而是作為位置誤差的補償反饋。其基本的原理是：由機床數(shù)控裝置CNC發(fā)出的指令脈沖，一方面供給開環(huán)系統(tǒng)，控制步進電機按指令運轉，并直接驅動機床工作臺移動，構成開環(huán)控制；另一方面該指令脈沖又供給感應同步器的測量系統(tǒng)(即數(shù)字式正、余弦發(fā)生器)，作為位置給定信號。工作在鑒幅

25、方式的感應同步器此時既是位置檢測器，又是比較器，它把由正、余弦發(fā)生器給定的滑尺激磁信號傳送給步進電機。</p><p><b>　　4 結 論</b></p><p>　　CIMS環(huán)境下基于特征的零件信息建模還是一門不斷發(fā)展的技術，怎樣提高特征設計所能完成的零件復雜度；如何使特征設計適應特征識別、特征語義轉換的要求等問題還有待人們?nèi)ソ鉀Q。本文介紹了特征技術在零件信息建

26、模中的應用，重點描述該零件數(shù)據(jù)模型的數(shù)據(jù)庫實現(xiàn)；所建立的零件信息數(shù)據(jù)庫系統(tǒng)可以較好地滿足CIMS系統(tǒng)對信。</p><p><b>　　參考文獻：</b></p><p>　　[1]. 張華書．并行環(huán)境下基于特征的零件定義模型 [J]．機械科學與技術，1999，18(1)：14l 144．</p><p>　　[2]. 林曉星，杜全文，許建新．